Balaglitazone is a selective partial agonist for PPARγ (EC50: 1.351 μM for human PPARγ).

Balaglitazone (5-100 μM) has equal cytotoxicity towards K562 and K562/DOX cells. Balaglitazone decreases doxorubicin cytotoxicity in K562 and K562/DOX cells, with IC50s of 0.117 μM and 0.53 μM, respectively. Balaglitazone reverses multidrug resistance (MDR) in K562/DOX cells. Balaglitazone (25 μM) increases Rh123 accumulation in K562/DOX cells, but does not increases MFI in K562 cells. Balaglitazone downregulates P-gp expression in K562/DOX cells [2].

In fully diabetic and insulin-resistant db/db mice, Balaglitazone (3 mg/kg, p.o.) shows antihyperglycaemic activity and is more potent than the full PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone [1]. Balaglitazone (10 mg/kg, p.o.) suppresses overall glucose, decreases insulin levels, and increases body weight in male diet-induced obese rats, and such effects are equal to that of 30 mg/kg pioglitazone [3].

MTT assay is used for cell viability analyses. Briefly, K562 and K562/DOX cells are seeded in a 96-well plate in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS at the density of 2 × 104 cells/well. After 24 h incubation, various concentrations of doxorubicin (DOX) with or without balaglitazone are diluted in RPMI-1640 medium (without FBS) and added into each well. Experiments for each group are performed in triplicates and with a blank control. After 48 h of treatment, the medium is removed and 200 μL of RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 10% FBS and 10% MTT (5 mg/mL) is added. After incubation for another 4 h, the reduced intracellular formazan product is dissolved by replacing 100 μL of RPMI-1640 medium with the same volume of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Absorbance values are measured at 570 nm with a microplate reader. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of each experiment is calculated. The resistance fold (RF) is calculated by dividing the IC50 value of treatment in resistant cells by the IC50 value of treatment in corresponding parental cells [2].

Antihyperglycaemic effects of balaglitazone and rosiglitazone are assessed in adult male diabetic db/db mice. At 14 weeks of age, animals are randomized according to fasting blood glucose into 11 groups (n = 6). Mice are dosed orally once daily for 9 days with vehicle (0.2% carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) + 0.4% Tween-80 in saline) or increasing doses of either balaglitazone (0.1; 0.3; 1.0; 3.0; 10.0 mg/kg/day) or rosiglitazone (0.2; 0.6; 2.0; 6.0 mg/kg/day). After 7 days of treatment, plasma samples obtained in the morning (between 8:00 and 10:00 AM) are analyzed for glucose and insulin. After 9 days of treatment, animals are exposed to an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT; 3.0 g/kg). The resulting area under the curve is calculated for each of the doses [1].

199113-98-9

C20H17N3O4S

395.43

巴格列酮;NN 2344;DRF 2593;Balaglitazone

DMSO:480 mg/mL (1213.87 mM)
Powder: -20°C for 3 years
In solvent: -80°C for 2 years