| In Vitro | In vitro activity: Bucladesine sodium (also known as Dibutyryl-cAMP) is a cell-permeable PKA activator and a cAMP analog that mimics the action of endogenous cAMP. It is a cyclic nucleotide derivative (structurally similar to cAMP) and is also a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Dibutyryl-cAMP preferentially activates cAMP-dependent protein kinase. The products releaes butyrate due to intracellular and extracellular esterase action. Butyrate was shown to have distinct biological effects. The compound is used in a wide variety of research applications because it mimics cAMP and can induce normal physiological responses when added to cells in experimental conditions.
Kinase Assay: Bucladesine sodium (also known as Dibutyryl-cAMP) is a cell-permeable PKA activator and a cAMP analog that mimics the action of endogenous cAMP. It is a cyclic nucleotide derivative (structurally similar to cAMP) and is also a phosphodiesterase inhibitor. Dibutyryl-cAMP preferentially activates cAMP-dependent protein kinase. |
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| In Vivo | Experimentally naive male Albino Swiss mice (Laboratory Animals Breeding, Slaboszów, Poland) weighing 20–30 g were used in all experiments. The animals were housed in polycarbonate cages at a controlled temperature (23–25°C) and humidity (50–60%) with 12 h light/dark cycle (lights on at 6 h). Tap water and food pellets were available ad libitum. All experiments were performed after at least 7 days of acclimatization. The experimental protocols were approved by the Ethical Committee of the Medical University in Lublin (license number 40/2010). To allow for skin penetration of the cream formulations and based on preliminary experiments with ketoprofen cream in this model (data not presented), a pre-treatment time of 3 h was selected. To evaluate the effect of 0.5 or 1.5% bucladesine cream, an amount of 10 ± 1 mg cream each was spread onto the outer surface of both, left and right ears using small spatula. A third group of mice was administered with 2.5% ketoprofen gel. Corresponding vehicle treatment groups were administered either the respective cream base without bucladesine or, as reference for ketoprofen, a cosmetic night cream. To evaluate the effect of repeated administration, four separate groups of mice were dosed twice, i.e., 7 and 3 h before administration of arachidonic acid with the 0.5 and 1.5% cream or corresponding vehicle. Arachidonic acid or actetone were administered 3 h after the second cream administration onto left and right ears, respectively. The ear thickness was measured with a precise spring-loaded caliper (Mitutoyo, type 7309, Kawasaki, Japan) before and 60 min after application of arachidonic acid or vehicle. |
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| Animal model | Naive male Albino Swiss mice |
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| Formulation & Dosage | For topical administration of bucladesine as 5% solution, 20 μl of drug or vehicle solution was administered onto the outer surface of both, left and right ears each, 60 min prior to arachidonic acid challenge. The inflammatory response was induced by administration of 20 μl arachidonic acid (Sigma-Aldrich, Munich, Germany; 5% in acetone) on the outer surface of left ears. The right ears were treated with acetone only to determine the individual differences in ear thicknesses. |
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| References | Arch Dermatol Res. 2012 May;304(4):313-7. |
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