Piperlongumine is a natural alkaloid isolated from Piper longum Linn[1], possesses ant-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiangiogenic, antioxidant, antitumor, and antidiabetic activities[2]. Piperlongumine induces ROS, and induces apoptosis in cancer cell lines[1]. Piperlongumine shows anti-cardiac fibrosis activity, suppresses myofibroblast transformation via suppression of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway[2].

Piplartine (5, 10, and 15 μM) significantly decreases cell proliferation of 786-O, SKBR3, Panc1, A549, and L3.6pL cancer cells after treatment for 24 and 48 hours, induces apoptosis and ROS in these cell lines at 5 and 10 μM after 3 or 9 h of treatment[1].Piplartine (5 or 10 μM) induces cleaved PARP and downregulates Sp1, Sp3, Sp4, and Sp-regulated genes[1].Piplartine (20 μM) decreases the viability of cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). Piplartine (0-10 μM) suppresses myofibroblast transformation via suppression of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway[2].

Piperlongumine (30 mg/kg/day, i.p. for 3 weeks) exhibits potent anti-tumor effect in athymic nude mice bearing L3.6pL cells without body weight loss[1].

References:
[1]. Karki K, et al. Piperlongumine Induces Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Dependent Downregulation of Specificity Protein Transcription Factors.
[2]. Wu X, e,t al. Piperlongumine inhibits angiotensin II-induced extracellular matrix expression in cardiac fibroblasts. J Cell Biochem. 2018 Dec;119(12):10358-10364