9,10-Dihydroxystearic acid is an oxidation product of oleic acid that can be formed from oleic acid in HepG2 cells.[1] It activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in CV-1 cells when used at concentrations ranging from 50 to 100 μM.[2] 9,10-Dihydroxystearic acid (4% in the diet) decreases blood glucose levels, increases insulin sensitivity, and decreases body weight in high-fat diet-fed KKAy diabetic mice.

Reference:
[1]. Jing, H.-J., Zhang, Y.-H., Wang, J., et al. Conversion of oleic acid to 9,10-dihydroxystearic acid in human hepatic cancer HepG2 cells. Junyi Jinxiu Xueyuan Xuebao 31(6), 597-599 (2010).
[2]. Yu, X., Zhang, Y., Liu, Y., et al. Effects of 9,10-dihydroxysteatic acid on glucose metabolism in KKAy mice. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 39(4), 423-425 (2010).