Cell lines

BMDM cell line

Preparation method

The solubility of this compound in DMSO is >19.9 mg/mL. General tips for obtaining a higher concentration: Please warm the tube at 37 ℃ for 10 minutes and/or shake it in the ultrasonic bath for a while. Stock solution can be stored below - 20 ℃ for several months.

Reacting condition

6.7 ~ 6700 nM; 96 hrs

Applications

In BMDM cell line, BLZ945 specifically inhibited CSF-1-dependent proliferation (EC50 = 67 nM), and reduced CSF-1R phosphorylation.

Animal models

Female MMTV-PyMT transgenic mice

Dosage form

200 mg/kg; p.o.; q.d., for 16 days

Applications

In female MMTV-PyMT transgenic mice, BLZ945 decreased macrophages in tumors and livers, but showed no effect on lung macrophages, circulating monocytes and tumor cell proliferation.

Other notes

Please test the solubility of all compounds indoor, and the actual solubility may slightly differ with the theoretical value. This is caused by an experimental system error and it is normal.

BLZ945, also named as 4-[2((1R,2R)-2-Hydroxycyclohexylamino)-benzothiazol-6-yloxyl]-pyridine- 2-carboxylic acid methylamide , is a small molecule inhibitor of CSF-1R kinase with IC50 value of 1.2 nM. [2]
CSF-1R is the receptor for macrophage colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) which mediates the biological effects of this cytokine. The main biological effects of CSF-1R signaling are differentiation, proliferation, migration and survival of precursor macrophages and osteoclasts from the monocytic lineage [1].  
BLZ945 has the potential to treat an array of diseases associated with normal and deregulated function of precursor macrophages and osteoclasts from the monocytic lineage. [14C]BLZ945 metabolites were kinetically and structurally characterized from an in vitro across species comparison study using human hepatocytes and microsomes. Both compounds BLZ945 and M9 have significant anti-proliferative activity against the M-CSF dependent cell line MNFS-60 with EC50 of 71 and 140 mM, respectively. The biotransformation of BLZ945 in human liver micro-omes and recombinant cytochromes occurred predominantly via oxidative routes with also a secondary reductive pathway. [2]
BLZ945 decreased the growth of malignant cells in the mouse mammary tumor virus-driven polyomavirus middle T antigen (MMTV-PyMT) model of mammary carcinogenesis. BLZ945 prevented tumor progression in the keratin 14-expressing human papillomavirus type 16 (K14-HPV-16) transgenic model of cervical carcinogenesis. [3]
References:
[1]. Stanley ER, Berg KL, Einstein DB et al. Biology and action of colony--stimulating factor-1. Mol Reprod Dev. 1997 Jan;46(1):4-10.
[2]. Krauser JA, Jin Y, Walles M et al. Phenotypic and metabolic investigation of a CSF-1R kinase receptor inhibitor (BLZ945) and its pharmacologically active metabolite. Xenobiotica. 2015 Feb;45(2):107-23.
[3]. Strachan DC, Ruffell B2, Oei Y et al. CSF1R inhibition delays cervical and mammary tumor growth in murine models by attenuating the turnover of tumor-associated macrophages and enhancing infiltration by CD8+ T cells. Oncoimmunology. 2013 Dec 1;2(12):e26968.