Catalpol, an iridoid glycoside, has neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hepatitis virus effects.IC50 Value:Target: neuroprotective, anti-inflammatory, and anti-hepatitis virus natural product.In vitro: Catalpol could be encapsulated into composite nanofibers and induce differentiation of hASCs into neural-like cells, which might offer new avenues in nerve regeneration [1].In vivo: The pharmacokinetics of catalpol in normal and doxorubicin-induced chronic kidney disease rats after oral administration of Rehmannia glutinosa extract was determined, and the extraction recoverie of catalpol was higher than 68.24% [2]. The protective effect of catalpol on renal IRI mice through suppressing phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B (PI3K/Akt)-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and against inflammation, and the possible underlying mechanism [3].

References:
[1]. Zhao M, et al.Comparative pharmacokinetics of catalpol and acteoside in normal and chronic kidney disease rats after oral administration of Rehmannia glutinosa extract. Biomed Chromatogr. 2015 May 29.
[2]. Guo JH, et al.Potential Neurogenesis of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells on Electrospun Catalpol-Loaded Composite Nanofibrous Scaffolds. Ann Biomed Eng. 2015 Mar 31.
[3]. Zhu J,Catalpol protects mice against renal ischemia/reperfusion injury via suppressing PI3K/Akt-eNOS signaling and inflammation. Int J Clin Exp Med. 2015 Feb 15;8(2):2038-44.
[4]. Xu Z, et al.Mitochondrial fusion/fission process involved in the improvement of catalpol on high glucose-induced hepatic mitochondrial dysfunction. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai). 2015 Jul 2.