Animal experiment:

Male Balb/c mice are immunized by subcutaneous injection of SRBC (2×107 cells) on day 0. Immunized mice are challenged with 30 μL of 1×108 SRBC into the left hind footpad on day 5. Footpad swelling is measured 24 h after the challenge using a thickness gauge and expressed as the difference between the thickness of the left footpad and that of the right one, which receives an equal volume of 0.9% saline. As a negative control, male Balb/c mice are injected with 0.9% saline and challenged with SRBC. YM-58483 and cyclosporine A are administered orally once daily from day 0 to day 5 (6 consecutive days).

YM-58483 is the first selective and potent inhibitor of CRAC channels and subsequent Ca2+ signals.

YM-58483 can decrease the levels of P-ERK and P-CREB, without affecting the expression of CD11b and GFAP. YM-58483 also inhibits the release of spinal cord IL-1β, TNF-α, and PGE2[1]. YM-58483 and cyclosporine A inhibits T cell proliferation in a one-way mixed lymphocyte reaction (mLR) with IC50 values of 330 and 12.7 nM, respectively[2]. YM-58483 inhibits DNP antigen-induced histamine release from and leukotrienes (LTs) production in IgE-primed RBL-2H3 cells, a rat basophilic leukemia cell line, with IC50 values of 460 and 310 nM, respectively. YM-58483 also inhibits phytohemagglutinin-P (PHA)-stimulated IL-5 and IL-13 production in human peripheral blood cells with IC50 values of 125 and 148 nM, respectively, which is approximately 5 times less potent than prednisolone[3]. YM-58483 inhibits IL-4 and IL-5 production in a conalbumine-stimulated murine Th2 T cell clone (D10.G4.1), and IL-5 production in phytohemagglutinin-stimulated human whole blood cells with IC50 values comparable to those reported for its CRAC channel inhibition (around 100 nM)[4].

Intrathecal YM-58483 at the concentration of 300 μM (1.5 nmol) and 1000 μM (10 nmol) produces a significant central analgesic effect on the SNL rats[1]. In the mouse graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) model, YM-58483 (1-30 mg/kg, p.o.) and cyclosporine A (1-30 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibit donor anti-host cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity and IFN-γ production, and also reduce the number of donor T cells, especially donor CD8+ T cells, in the spleen. YM-58483 (1-10 mg/kg, p.o.) and cyclosporine A (2, 10 mg/kg, p.o.) inhibit the sheep red blood cell (SRBC)-induced delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) response[2]. M-58483 (30 mg/kg, p.o.) significantly suppresses ovalbumin (OVA)-induced bronchoconstriction in OVA-sensitized guinea pigs, whereas prednisolone does not. YM-58483 (3-30 mg/kg, p.o.) and prednisolone (100 mg/kg, p.o.) both significantly and completely suppress airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) caused by OVA exposure[3]. YM-58483 inhibits antigen-induced eosinophil infiltration into airways, and decreases IL-4 and cysteinyl-leukotrienes content in inflammatory airways induced in actively sensitized Brown Norway rats. Orally administered YM-58483 prevents antigen-induced late phase asthmatic broncoconstriction and eosinophil infiltration in actively sensitized guinea pigs[4].

References:
[1]. Qi Z, et al. The Central Analgesic Mechanism of YM-58483 in Attenuating Neuropathic Pain in Rats. Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2016 Oct;36(7):1035-43.
[2]. Ohga K, et al. Characterization of YM-58483/BTP2, a novel store-operated Ca2+ entry blocker, on T cell-mediated immune responses in vivo. Int Immunopharmacol. 2008 Dec 20;8(13-14):1787-92
[3]. Ohga K, et al. The suppressive effects of YM-58483/BTP-2, a store-operated Ca2+ entry blocker, on inflammatory mediator release in vitro and airway responses in vivo. Pulm Pharmacol Ther. 2008;21(2):360-9.
[4]. Yoshino T, et al. YM-58483, a selective CRAC channel inhibitor, prevents antigen-induced airway eosinophilia and late phase asthmatic responses via Th2 cytokine inhibition in animal models. Eur J Pharmacol. 2007 Apr 10;560(2-3):225-33.