In vitro activity: IMD-0354 (at a concentration of < 5 μM) inhibits the expression of NF-κB as well as the translocation of NF-κB to the nucleus in HMC-1 cells. IMD-0354 suppresses cell proliferation in a time- and dose-dependent manner in HMC-1 cells. IMD-0354 (0.5 μM) almost inhibits the proliferation of IC-2G559 cells and IC-2V814 cells. IMD-0354 (0.5 μM) results in arrest of the cell cycle at the G0/G1 phase in HMC-1 cells. IMD-0354 (1 μM) increases the number of cells with hypodiploid DNA content in HMC-1 cells. IMD-0354 (<1 μM) decreases the ratio of cells in S and G2/M phases in HMC-1 cells. IMD-0354 (1 μM) downregulates Cyclin D3 expression as well as pRb phosphorylation level in a time-dependent manner in HMC-1 cells. IMD-0354 (< 10 μM) has no influence on the signals of STAT3 and STAT6, whereas the phosphorylation of STAT1 and STAT5 is very slightly suppressed at high concentrations in HMC-1 cells. IMD-0354 suppresses the translocation of NF-κB to the nucleus in CBhCMCs after 24 hours in a dose-dependent manner. IMD-0354 inhibits 98.5% of NF-κB activity at a concentration of 10 μg/ml in HepG2 cells. IMD-0354 (1 μM) ameliorates the TNFα-induced decrease in the adiponectin concentration in the media, when the TNFα (6 nM) and insulin (100 nM) are administered simultaneously in 3T3-L1 adipocytes serum-starved for 12 h. IMD-0354 (1 μM) restores the phosphorylation of Akt down-regulated by the TNFα treatment, when the TNFα (6 nM) and insulin (100 nM) are administered simultaneously in 3T3-L1 adipocytes serum-starved for 12 h. IMD-0354 (1 μM) inhibits phosphorylation of IκBα and nuclear translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) induced by tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in cultured cardiomyocytes. IMD-0354 (1 μM) significantly reduces TNF-α-induced production of interleukin-1β and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 from cultured cardiomyocytes.

Kinase Assay: IMD0354 inhibits TNF-α induced NF-κB transcription activity with an IC50 of 1.2±0.3 uM.

Cell Assay: Cells (at the concentration of 2×105 cells/mL) are incubated in phenol red free α-MEM containing 10% FCS (for HMC-1 and IC-2 cells) or 5% FCS (for CBhCMCs), and antibiotics with or without various concentrations of IMD-0354, STI571, or PDTC. IC-2WT cells and CBhCMCs are incubated in the presence of 100 ng/mL recombinant rat or recombinant human SCF. One hundred microliters of cell suspension is applied to each well of 96-well culture plates and are incubated for 24, 48, and 72 hours. Before 4 hours from the end of the culture, 10 μL of 5 mg/mL 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) dissolves in PBS is added to each well. The reaction is stopped with the addition of 100 μL of 10% SDS in 0.01 N HCl. Absorbance is measured at 577 nm with ImmunoMini NJ-2300.