(S)-(+)-Rolipram is a PDE4-inhibitor and an anti-inflammatory agent, less potent than its R enantiomer.Target: PDE4B; PDE4DRolipram, a selective inhibitor of the cyclic AMP-specific phosphodiesterase (PDE IV). Rolipram did not inhibit 5-lipoxygenase activity but did inhibit human monocyte production of leukotriene B4 (LTB4, IC50 3.5 microM). Rolipram inhibited arachidonic acid-induced inflammation in the mouse, while the low Km-cyclic-GMP PDE inhibitor. Rolipram had a modest effect on LTB4 production in the mouse, but markedly reduced LTB4-induced PMN infiltration [1]. In humans and animals rolipram produces thereby a variety of biological effects. These effects include attenuation of endogenous depression and inflammation in the central nervous system (CNS), both effects are of potential clinical relevance [2].

References:
[1]. Griswold, D.E., et al., Effect of selective phosphodiesterase type IV inhibitor, rolipram, on fluid and cellular phases of inflammatory response. Inflammation, 1993. 17(3): p. 333-44.
[2]. Zhu, J., E. Mix, and B. Winblad, The antidepressant and antiinflammatory effects of rolipram in the central nervous system. CNS Drug Rev, 2001. 7(4): p. 387-98.
[3]. MacKenzie SJ, et al. Action of rolipram on specific PDE4 cAMP phosphodiesterase isoforms and on the phosphorylation of cAMP-response-element-binding protein (CREB) and p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase in U937 monocyticcells. Biochem J. 2000 Apr 15;347(Pt 2):571-8.
[4]. Korhonen R, et al. Attenuation of TNF production and experimentally induced inflammation by PDE4 inhibitor rolipram is mediated by MAPK phosphatase-1. Br J Pharmacol. 2013 Aug;169(7):1525-36.