DLDH_RAT
ID DLDH_RAT Reviewed; 509 AA.
AC Q6P6R2;
DT 28-NOV-2006, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 05-JUL-2004, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 140.
DE RecName: Full=Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial;
DE EC=1.8.1.4 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622};
DE AltName: Full=Dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase;
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=Dld;
OS Rattus norvegicus (Rat).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae;
OC Murinae; Rattus.
OX NCBI_TaxID=10116;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC TISSUE=Prostate;
RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG The MGC Project Team;
RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project:
RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN [2]
RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 90-104; 289-334; 431-440 AND 483-495, AND
RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY.
RC STRAIN=Sprague-Dawley; TISSUE=Brain, and Spinal cord;
RA Lubec G., Afjehi-Sadat L., Kang S.U.;
RL Submitted (JUL-2007) to UniProtKB.
RN [3]
RP PHOSPHORYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT SER-297, AND IDENTIFICATION BY
RP MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
RX PubMed=22673903; DOI=10.1038/ncomms1871;
RA Lundby A., Secher A., Lage K., Nordsborg N.B., Dmytriyev A., Lundby C.,
RA Olsen J.V.;
RT "Quantitative maps of protein phosphorylation sites across 14 different rat
RT organs and tissues.";
RL Nat. Commun. 3:876-876(2012).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Lipoamide dehydrogenase is a component of the glycine
CC cleavage system as well as an E3 component of three alpha-ketoacid
CC dehydrogenase complexes (pyruvate-, alpha-ketoglutarate-, and branched-
CC chain amino acid-dehydrogenase complex). The 2-oxoglutarate
CC dehydrogenase complex is mainly active in the mitochondrion. A fraction
CC of the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex also localizes in the
CC nucleus and is required for lysine succinylation of histones:
CC associates with KAT2A on chromatin and provides succinyl-CoA to histone
CC succinyltransferase KAT2A. In monomeric form may have additional
CC moonlighting function as serine protease (By similarity). Involved in
CC the hyperactivation of spermatazoa during capacitation and in the
CC spermatazoal acrosome reaction (By similarity).
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q811C4}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=(R)-N(6)-dihydrolipoyl-L-lysyl-[protein] + NAD(+) = (R)-N(6)-
CC lipoyl-L-lysyl-[protein] + H(+) + NADH; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:15045,
CC Rhea:RHEA-COMP:10474, Rhea:RHEA-COMP:10475, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:57540, ChEBI:CHEBI:57945, ChEBI:CHEBI:83099,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:83100; EC=1.8.1.4;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622};
CC -!- COFACTOR:
CC Name=FAD; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:57692;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622};
CC Note=Binds 1 FAD per subunit. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622};
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer. Part of the multimeric pyruvate dehydrogenase
CC complex that contains multiple copies of pyruvate dehydrogenase
CC (subunits PDHA (PDHA1 or PDHA2) and PDHB, E1), dihydrolipoamide
CC acetyltransferase (DLAT, E2) and lipoamide dehydrogenase (DLD, E3).
CC These subunits are bound to an inner core composed of about 48 DLAT and
CC 12 PDHX molecules (by non covalent bonds). The 2-oxoglutarate
CC dehydrogenase complex is composed of OGDH (2-oxoglutarate
CC dehydrogenase; E1), DLST (dihydrolipoamide succinyltransferase; E2) and
CC DLD (dihydrolipoamide dehydrogenase; E3). It contains multiple copies
CC of the three enzymatic components (E1, E2 and E3). In the nucleus, the
CC 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex associates with KAT2A. Interacts
CC with PDHX. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Mitochondrion matrix
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622}. Nucleus {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622}.
CC Cell projection, cilium, flagellum {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q811C4}.
CC Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle, acrosome
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622}. Note=Mainly localizes in the
CC mitochondrion. A small fraction localizes to the nucleus, where the 2-
CC oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex is required for histone
CC succinylation. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622}.
CC -!- PTM: Tyrosine phosphorylated. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q811C4}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: The active site is a redox-active disulfide bond.
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09624}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide
CC oxidoreductase family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; BC062069; AAH62069.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_955417.1; NM_199385.2.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q6P6R2; -.
DR SMR; Q6P6R2; -.
DR BioGRID; 256067; 3.
DR IntAct; Q6P6R2; 1.
DR STRING; 10116.ENSRNOP00000008980; -.
DR iPTMnet; Q6P6R2; -.
DR PhosphoSitePlus; Q6P6R2; -.
DR jPOST; Q6P6R2; -.
DR PaxDb; Q6P6R2; -.
DR PRIDE; Q6P6R2; -.
DR GeneID; 298942; -.
DR KEGG; rno:298942; -.
DR UCSC; RGD:735073; rat.
DR CTD; 1738; -.
DR RGD; 735073; Dld.
DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSRNOG00000006364; -.
DR eggNOG; KOG1335; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_016755_0_1_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q6P6R2; -.
DR OMA; DAKYGEW; -.
DR OrthoDB; 581771at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q6P6R2; -.
DR TreeFam; TF300414; -.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-204174; Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-389661; Glyoxylate metabolism and glycine degradation.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-5362517; Signaling by Retinoic Acid.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-6783984; Glycine degradation.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-70268; Pyruvate metabolism.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-70895; Branched-chain amino acid catabolism.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-71064; Lysine catabolism.
DR Reactome; R-RNO-71403; Citric acid cycle (TCA cycle).
DR SABIO-RK; Q6P6R2; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q6P6R2; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000002494; Chromosome 6.
DR Bgee; ENSRNOG00000006364; Expressed in heart and 20 other tissues.
DR Genevisible; Q6P6R2; RN.
DR GO; GO:0043159; C:acrosomal matrix; ISO:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0005929; C:cilium; ISO:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0005947; C:mitochondrial alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex; ISO:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0005967; C:mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; ISO:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0005739; C:mitochondrion; IDA:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0031514; C:motile cilium; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0045252; C:oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex; IDA:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0045254; C:pyruvate dehydrogenase complex; IDA:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0004148; F:dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase activity; IDA:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0050660; F:flavin adenine dinucleotide binding; IDA:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0043544; F:lipoamide binding; IDA:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0051287; F:NAD binding; IDA:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0006103; P:2-oxoglutarate metabolic process; IDA:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0006086; P:acetyl-CoA biosynthetic process from pyruvate; IDA:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0007568; P:aging; IEP:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0009083; P:branched-chain amino acid catabolic process; ISO:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0045454; P:cell redox homeostasis; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0051068; P:dihydrolipoamide metabolic process; IDA:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0007369; P:gastrulation; ISO:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0106077; P:histone succinylation; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009106; P:lipoate metabolic process; IDA:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0006120; P:mitochondrial electron transport, NADH to ubiquinone; ISO:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0006508; P:proteolysis; ISO:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0042391; P:regulation of membrane potential; ISO:RGD.
DR GO; GO:0048240; P:sperm capacitation; ISO:RGD.
DR Gene3D; 3.30.390.30; -; 1.
DR Gene3D; 3.50.50.60; -; 2.
DR InterPro; IPR036188; FAD/NAD-bd_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR023753; FAD/NAD-binding_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR016156; FAD/NAD-linked_Rdtase_dimer_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR006258; Lipoamide_DH.
DR InterPro; IPR001100; Pyr_nuc-diS_OxRdtase.
DR InterPro; IPR004099; Pyr_nucl-diS_OxRdtase_dimer.
DR InterPro; IPR012999; Pyr_OxRdtase_I_AS.
DR Pfam; PF07992; Pyr_redox_2; 1.
DR Pfam; PF02852; Pyr_redox_dim; 1.
DR PIRSF; PIRSF000350; Mercury_reductase_MerA; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF51905; SSF51905; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF55424; SSF55424; 1.
DR TIGRFAMs; TIGR01350; lipoamide_DH; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00076; PYRIDINE_REDOX_1; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Acetylation; Cell projection; Cilium; Cytoplasmic vesicle;
KW Direct protein sequencing; Disulfide bond; FAD; Flagellum; Flavoprotein;
KW Mitochondrion; NAD; Nucleus; Oxidoreductase; Phosphoprotein;
KW Redox-active center; Reference proteome; Transit peptide.
FT TRANSIT 1..35
FT /note="Mitochondrion"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT CHAIN 36..509
FT /note="Dihydrolipoyl dehydrogenase, mitochondrial"
FT /id="PRO_0000260228"
FT ACT_SITE 487
FT /note="Proton acceptor"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09624"
FT BINDING 71..80
FT /ligand="FAD"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57692"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT BINDING 89
FT /ligand="FAD"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57692"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT BINDING 154
FT /ligand="FAD"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57692"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT BINDING 183..185
FT /ligand="FAD"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57692"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT BINDING 220..227
FT /ligand="NAD(+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57540"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT BINDING 243
FT /ligand="NAD(+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57540"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT BINDING 278
FT /ligand="NAD(+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57540"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT BINDING 314
FT /ligand="NAD(+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57540"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT BINDING 355
FT /ligand="FAD"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57692"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT BINDING 361..364
FT /ligand="FAD"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57692"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT SITE 448
FT /note="Important for interaction with PDHX and activity of
FT pyruvate dehydrogenase complex"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT SITE 473
FT /note="Important for interaction with PDHX and activity of
FT pyruvate dehydrogenase complex"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT MOD_RES 66
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 66
FT /note="N6-succinyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 104
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 104
FT /note="N6-succinyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 122
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 122
FT /note="N6-succinyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 132
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 132
FT /note="N6-succinyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 143
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT MOD_RES 143
FT /note="N6-succinyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 159
FT /note="N6-succinyllysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 273
FT /note="N6-succinyllysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 277
FT /note="N6-succinyllysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 285
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 297
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0007744|PubMed:22673903"
FT MOD_RES 346
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 410
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT MOD_RES 410
FT /note="N6-succinyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 417
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT MOD_RES 420
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 430
FT /note="N6-succinyllysine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 502
FT /note="Phosphoserine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09622"
FT MOD_RES 505
FT /note="N6-acetyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT MOD_RES 505
FT /note="N6-succinyllysine; alternate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O08749"
FT DISULFID 80..85
FT /note="Redox-active"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P09624"
SQ SEQUENCE 509 AA; 54038 MW; 854802DBFE36573A CRC64;
MQSWSRVYCS LAKKGHFNRL SHGLQGASSV PLRTYSDQPI DADVTVIGSG PGGYVAAIKA
AQLGFKTVCI EKNETLGGTC LNVGCIPSKA LLNNSHYYHL AHGKDFASRG IEIPEVRLNL
EKMMEQKRSA VKALTGGIAH LFKQNKVVHV NGFGKITGKN QVTATTADGS TQVIGTKNIL
IATGSEVTPF PGITIDEDTI VSSTGALSLK KVPEKLVVIG AGVIGVELGS VWQRLGADVT
AVEFLGHVGG IGIDMEISKN FQRILQKQGF KFKLNTKVTG ATKKSDGKID VSVEAASGGK
AEVITCDVLL VCIGRRPFTQ NLGLEELGIE LDPKGRIPVN TRFQTKIPNI FAIGDVVAGP
MLAHKAEDEG IICVEGMAGG AVHIDYNCVP SVIYTHPEVA WVGKSEEQLK EEGVEFKVGK
FPFAANSRAK TNADTDGMVK ILGHKSTDRI LGAHILGPGA GEMVNEAALA LEYGASCEDV
ARVCHAHPTL SEAFREANLA ASFGKPINF
