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EASA_CLAPU
ID   EASA_CLAPU              Reviewed;         380 AA.
AC   Q6ZXC1; E9L2U7;
DT   29-MAY-2013, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   18-SEP-2013, sequence version 2.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 38.
DE   RecName: Full=Probable inactive dehydrogenase easA {ECO:0000303|PubMed:20735127};
DE   AltName: Full=Ergot alkaloid biosynthesis protein A {ECO:0000303|PubMed:20735127};
GN   Name=easA {ECO:0000303|PubMed:20735127};
GN   Synonyms=cpox3 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:15904941};
OS   Claviceps purpurea (Ergot fungus) (Sphacelia segetum).
OC   Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Pezizomycotina; Sordariomycetes;
OC   Hypocreomycetidae; Hypocreales; Clavicipitaceae; Claviceps.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=5111;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], FUNCTION, AND IDENTIFICATION IN THE EAS
RP   CLUSTER.
RC   STRAIN=P1 / 1029/N5;
RX   PubMed=15904941; DOI=10.1016/j.phytochem.2005.04.011;
RA   Haarmann T., Machado C., Lubbe Y., Correia T., Schardl C.L.,
RA   Panaccione D.G., Tudzynski P.;
RT   "The ergot alkaloid gene cluster in Claviceps purpurea: extension of the
RT   cluster sequence and intra species evolution.";
RL   Phytochemistry 66:1312-1320(2005).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND FUNCTION.
RC   STRAIN=ATCC 20102 / Farmitalia FI 32/17;
RX   PubMed=20735127; DOI=10.1021/ja105785p;
RA   Cheng J.Z., Coyle C.M., Panaccione D.G., O'Connor S.E.;
RT   "Controlling a structural branch point in ergot alkaloid biosynthesis.";
RL   J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132:12835-12837(2010).
RN   [3]
RP   BIOTECHNOLOGY.
RC   STRAIN=P1 / 1029/N5;
RX   PubMed=11778866; DOI=10.1007/s002530100801;
RA   Tudzynski P., Correia T., Keller U.;
RT   "Biotechnology and genetics of ergot alkaloids.";
RL   Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 57:593-605(2001).
RN   [4]
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=14700635; DOI=10.1016/j.chembiol.2003.11.013;
RA   Correia T., Grammel N., Ortel I., Keller U., Tudzynski P.;
RT   "Molecular cloning and analysis of the ergopeptine assembly system in the
RT   ergot fungus Claviceps purpurea.";
RL   Chem. Biol. 10:1281-1292(2003).
RN   [5]
RP   FUNCTION.
RC   STRAIN=ATCC 20102 / Farmitalia FI 32/17;
RX   PubMed=14732265; DOI=10.1016/j.fgb.2003.10.002;
RA   Wang J., Machado C., Panaccione D.G., Tsai H.-F., Schardl C.L.;
RT   "The determinant step in ergot alkaloid biosynthesis by an endophyte of
RT   perennial ryegrass.";
RL   Fungal Genet. Biol. 41:189-198(2004).
RN   [6]
RP   FUNCTION.
RC   STRAIN=P1 / 1029/N5;
RX   PubMed=16538694; DOI=10.1002/cbic.200500487;
RA   Haarmann T., Ortel I., Tudzynski P., Keller U.;
RT   "Identification of the cytochrome P450 monooxygenase that bridges the
RT   clavine and ergoline alkaloid pathways.";
RL   ChemBioChem 7:645-652(2006).
RN   [7]
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=17308187; DOI=10.1128/aem.00257-07;
RA   Fleetwood D.J., Scott B., Lane G.A., Tanaka A., Johnson R.D.;
RT   "A complex ergovaline gene cluster in epichloe endophytes of grasses.";
RL   Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73:2571-2579(2007).
RN   [8]
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=17720822; DOI=10.1128/aem.01040-07;
RA   Lorenz N., Wilson E.V., Machado C., Schardl C.L., Tudzynski P.;
RT   "Comparison of ergot alkaloid biosynthesis gene clusters in Claviceps
RT   species indicates loss of late pathway steps in evolution of C.
RT   fusiformis.";
RL   Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 73:7185-7191(2007).
RN   [9]
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=17560817; DOI=10.1016/j.fgb.2007.04.008;
RA   Haarmann T., Lorenz N., Tudzynski P.;
RT   "Use of a nonhomologous end joining deficient strain (Deltaku70) of the
RT   ergot fungus Claviceps purpurea for identification of a nonribosomal
RT   peptide synthetase gene involved in ergotamine biosynthesis.";
RL   Fungal Genet. Biol. 45:35-44(2008).
RN   [10]
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=19139103; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m807168200;
RA   Ortel I., Keller U.;
RT   "Combinatorial assembly of simple and complex D-lysergic acid alkaloid
RT   peptide classes in the ergot fungus Claviceps purpurea.";
RL   J. Biol. Chem. 284:6650-6660(2009).
RN   [11]
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=20118373; DOI=10.1128/aem.00737-09;
RA   Lorenz N., Olsovska J., Sulc M., Tudzynski P.;
RT   "Alkaloid cluster gene ccsA of the ergot fungus Claviceps purpurea encodes
RT   chanoclavine I synthase, a flavin adenine dinucleotide-containing
RT   oxidoreductase mediating the transformation of N-methyl-
RT   dimethylallyltryptophan to chanoclavine I.";
RL   Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 76:1822-1830(2010).
RN   [12]
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=21409592; DOI=10.1007/s00294-011-0336-4;
RA   Goetz K.E., Coyle C.M., Cheng J.Z., O'Connor S.E., Panaccione D.G.;
RT   "Ergot cluster-encoded catalase is required for synthesis of chanoclavine-I
RT   in Aspergillus fumigatus.";
RL   Curr. Genet. 57:201-211(2011).
RN   [13]
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=21494745; DOI=10.1039/c0ob01215g;
RA   Matuschek M., Wallwey C., Xie X., Li S.M.;
RT   "New insights into ergot alkaloid biosynthesis in Claviceps purpurea: an
RT   agroclavine synthase EasG catalyses, via a non-enzymatic adduct with
RT   reduced glutathione, the conversion of chanoclavine-I aldehyde to
RT   agroclavine.";
RL   Org. Biomol. Chem. 9:4328-4335(2011).
RN   [14]
RP   FUNCTION.
RX   PubMed=24361048; DOI=10.1016/j.chembiol.2013.11.008;
RA   Havemann J., Vogel D., Loll B., Keller U.;
RT   "Cyclolization of D-lysergic acid alkaloid peptides.";
RL   Chem. Biol. 21:146-155(2014).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Probable inactive dehydrogenase; part of the gene cluster
CC       that mediates the biosynthesis of fungal ergot alkaloid
CC       (PubMed:14732265, PubMed:14700635, PubMed:15904941, PubMed:17308187,
CC       PubMed:17720822). DmaW catalyzes the first step of ergot alkaloid
CC       biosynthesis by condensing dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAP) and
CC       tryptophan to form 4-dimethylallyl-L-tryptophan (PubMed:14732265). The
CC       second step is catalyzed by the methyltransferase easF that methylates
CC       4-dimethylallyl-L-tryptophan in the presence of S-adenosyl-L-
CC       methionine, resulting in the formation of 4-dimethylallyl-L-abrine (By
CC       similarity). The catalase easC and the FAD-dependent oxidoreductase
CC       easE then transform 4-dimethylallyl-L-abrine to chanoclavine-I which is
CC       further oxidized by easD in the presence of NAD(+), resulting in the
CC       formation of chanoclavine-I aldehyde (PubMed:20118373,
CC       PubMed:21409592). Agroclavine dehydrogenase easG then mediates the
CC       conversion of chanoclavine-I aldehyde to agroclavine via a non-
CC       enzymatic adduct reaction: the substrate is an iminium intermediate
CC       that is formed spontaneously from chanoclavine-I aldehyde in the
CC       presence of glutathione (PubMed:20735127, PubMed:21494745). The
CC       presence of easA is not required to complete this reaction
CC       (PubMed:21494745). Further conversion of agroclavine to paspalic acid
CC       is a two-step process involving oxidation of agroclavine to
CC       elymoclavine and of elymoclavine to paspalic acid, the second step
CC       being performed by the elymoclavine oxidase cloA (PubMed:16538694,
CC       PubMed:17720822). Paspalic acid is then further converted to D-lysergic
CC       acid (PubMed:15904941). Ergopeptines are assembled from D-lysergic acid
CC       and three different amino acids by the D-lysergyl-peptide-synthetases
CC       composed each of a monomudular and a trimodular nonribosomal peptide
CC       synthetase subunit (PubMed:14700635, PubMed:15904941). LpsB and lpsC
CC       encode the monomodular subunits responsible for D-lysergic acid
CC       activation and incorporation into the ergopeptine backbone
CC       (PubMed:14700635). LpsA1 and A2 subunits encode the trimodular
CC       nonribosomal peptide synthetase assembling the tripeptide portion of
CC       ergopeptines (PubMed:14700635). LpsA1 is responsible for formation of
CC       the major ergopeptine, ergotamine, and lpsA2 for alpha-ergocryptine,
CC       the minor ergopeptine of the total alkaloid mixture elaborated by
CC       C.purpurea (PubMed:17560817, PubMed:19139103). D-lysergyl-tripeptides
CC       are assembled by the nonribosomal peptide synthetases and released as
CC       N-(D-lysergyl-aminoacyl)-lactams (PubMed:24361048). Cyclolization of
CC       the D-lysergyl-tripeptides is performed by the Fe(2+)/2-ketoglutarate-
CC       dependent dioxygenase easH which introduces a hydroxyl group into N-(D-
CC       lysergyl-aminoacyl)-lactam at alpha-C of the aminoacyl residue followed
CC       by spontaneous condensation with the terminal lactam carbonyl group
CC       (PubMed:24361048). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q50EL0,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:14700635, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14732265,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:15904941, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16538694,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:17560817, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19139103,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:20118373, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20735127,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:21409592, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21494745,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:24361048, ECO:0000305|PubMed:17308187,
CC       ECO:0000305|PubMed:17720822}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NADH:flavin oxidoreductase/NADH oxidase
CC       family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- CAUTION: In contrast to other members of the family, lacks the
CC       conserved Tyr active site at position 176 which is replaced by a Phe
CC       residue. {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC       Sequence=CAG28312.1; Type=Frameshift; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR   EMBL; AJ703809; CAG28312.1; ALT_FRAME; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; HM535793; ADU03230.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; Q6ZXC1; -.
DR   SMR; Q6ZXC1; -.
DR   VEuPathDB; FungiDB:CPUR_04084; -.
DR   GO; GO:0010181; F:FMN binding; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0016491; F:oxidoreductase activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR   Gene3D; 3.20.20.70; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR013785; Aldolase_TIM.
DR   InterPro; IPR001155; OxRdtase_FMN_N.
DR   InterPro; IPR045247; Oye-like.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR22893; PTHR22893; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00724; Oxidored_FMN; 1.
PE   3: Inferred from homology;
KW   Flavoprotein; FMN.
FT   CHAIN           1..380
FT                   /note="Probable inactive dehydrogenase easA"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000422559"
FT   BINDING         25..27
FT                   /ligand="FMN"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:58210"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q4WZ70"
FT   BINDING         60
FT                   /ligand="FMN"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:58210"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q4WZ70"
FT   BINDING         102
FT                   /ligand="FMN"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:58210"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q4WZ70"
FT   BINDING         171
FT                   /ligand="FMN"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:58210"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q4WZ70"
FT   BINDING         171
FT                   /ligand="substrate"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q02899"
FT   BINDING         174
FT                   /ligand="substrate"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q02899"
FT   BINDING         223
FT                   /ligand="FMN"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:58210"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q4WZ70"
FT   BINDING         299
FT                   /ligand="FMN"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:58210"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q4WZ70"
FT   BINDING         324..325
FT                   /ligand="FMN"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:58210"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q4WZ70"
FT   BINDING         325
FT                   /ligand="FMN"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:58210"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q02899"
FT   BINDING         352
FT                   /ligand="substrate"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q02899"
FT   VARIANT         81
FT                   /note="R -> Q (in strain: P1 / 1029/N5)"
FT   VARIANT         118
FT                   /note="R -> Q (in strain: P1 / 1029/N5)"
FT   VARIANT         123
FT                   /note="G -> E (in strain: P1 / 1029/N5)"
SQ   SEQUENCE   380 AA;  42670 MW;  DA921F4F3973AB9F CRC64;
     MSTSNLFSTV PFGKNVLNHK IVLSPMTRFR ADDNGVPLSY MKTFYAQRAS VRGTLLVTDA
     VAICPRTKGF PNVPGIWHKD RIAAWKEVVD EVHSKGSFIW LQLWATGRAA DLEALTSRGL
     KLGSSSEVPV APGEPTPRAL DEDEIQQYIL DYVQGAKNAV HGAGFDGVEI HGANGFLIDQ
     FLQSSCNRRT DQWGGSIENR SRFGLEITRG VVDAVGHDRV GMKLSPWSTF QGMGTMDDLV
     PQFEHFITCL REMDIAYLHL ANSRWVEEED PSIRTHPDFH NQTFVQMWGK KRPILLAGGY
     DPDSARRLVD QTYSDRNNVL VVFGRHYISN PDLPFRLRMG IALQKYNRDT FYIPCSGEGY
     VDYPFCKEYL DQADEAAVAG
 
 
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