EIN3_ARATH
ID EIN3_ARATH Reviewed; 628 AA.
AC O24606; Q8VYW4;
DT 26-SEP-2003, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-JAN-1998, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 160.
DE RecName: Full=Protein ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:9215635};
GN Name=EIN3 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:9215635};
GN OrderedLocusNames=At3g20770 {ECO:0000312|Araport:AT3G20770};
GN ORFNames=MOE17.8 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:BAB02485.1};
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], FUNCTION, MUTANTS EIN3-1; EIN3-2
RP AND EIN3-3, AND MUTAGENESIS OF LYS-245.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=9215635; DOI=10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80300-1;
RA Chao Q., Rothenberg M., Solano R., Roman G., Terzaghi W., Ecker J.R.;
RT "Activation of the ethylene gas response pathway in Arabidopsis by the
RT nuclear protein ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 and related proteins.";
RL Cell 89:1133-1144(1997).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=10819329; DOI=10.1093/dnares/7.2.131;
RA Sato S., Nakamura Y., Kaneko T., Katoh T., Asamizu E., Tabata S.;
RT "Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 3. I. Sequence
RT features of the regions of 4,504,864 bp covered by sixty P1 and TAC
RT clones.";
RL DNA Res. 7:131-135(2000).
RN [3]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=14593172; DOI=10.1126/science.1088305;
RA Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M.,
RA Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G.,
RA Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G., Miranda M., Quach H.L.,
RA Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C.,
RA Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J.,
RA Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A.,
RA Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C.,
RA Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X.,
RA Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M.,
RA Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K.,
RA Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A.,
RA Ecker J.R.;
RT "Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis
RT genome.";
RL Science 302:842-846(2003).
RN [5]
RP CHARACTERIZATION, AND FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=9851977; DOI=10.1101/gad.12.23.3703;
RA Solano R., Stepanova A.N., Chao Q., Ecker J.R.;
RT "Nuclear events in ethylene signaling: a transcriptional cascade mediated
RT by ETHYLENE-INSENSITIVE3 and ETHYLENE-RESPONSE-FACTOR1.";
RL Genes Dev. 12:3703-3714(1998).
RN [6]
RP INTERACTION WITH TAF12B.
RC STRAIN=cv. Wassilewskija;
RX PubMed=17526916; DOI=10.1093/jxb/erm080;
RA Robles L.M., Wampole J.S., Christians M.J., Larsen P.B.;
RT "Arabidopsis enhanced ethylene response 4 encodes an EIN3-interacting TFIID
RT transcription factor required for proper ethylene response, including ERF1
RT induction.";
RL J. Exp. Bot. 58:2627-2639(2007).
RN [7]
RP ACTIVITY REGULATION.
RX PubMed=18273012; DOI=10.1038/nature06543;
RA Yoo S.D., Cho Y.H., Tena G., Xiong Y., Sheen J.;
RT "Dual control of nuclear EIN3 by bifurcate MAPK cascades in C2H4
RT signalling.";
RL Nature 451:789-795(2008).
RN [8]
RP ACTIVITY REGULATION, AND INDUCTION BY HYPOXIA.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=25822663; DOI=10.1371/journal.pgen.1005143;
RA Xie L.-J., Chen Q.-F., Chen M.-X., Yu L.-J., Huang L., Chen L., Wang F.-Z.,
RA Xia F.-N., Zhu T.-R., Wu J.-X., Yin J., Liao B., Shi J., Zhang J.-H.,
RA Aharoni A., Yao N., Shu W., Xiao S.;
RT "Unsaturation of very-long-chain ceramides protects plant from hypoxia-
RT induced damages by modulating ethylene signaling in Arabidopsis.";
RL PLoS Genet. 11:e1005143-e1005143(2015).
RN [9]
RP INTERACTION WITH ENAP1.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27694846; DOI=10.1038/ncomms13018;
RA Zhang F., Qi B., Wang L., Zhao B., Rode S., Riggan N.D., Ecker J.R.,
RA Qiao H.;
RT "EIN2-dependent regulation of acetylation of histone H3K14 and non-
RT canonical histone H3K23 in ethylene signalling.";
RL Nat. Commun. 7:13018-13018(2016).
RN [10]
RP FUNCTION, AND INTERACTION WITH ENAP1.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=28874528; DOI=10.1073/pnas.1707937114;
RA Zhang F., Wang L., Qi B., Zhao B., Ko E.E., Riggan N.D., Chin K., Qiao H.;
RT "EIN2 mediates direct regulation of histone acetylation in the ethylene
RT response.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 114:10274-10279(2017).
RN [11]
RP INTERACTION WITH KIN10, PHOSPHORYLATION, AND ACTIVITY REGULATION.
RX PubMed=28600557; DOI=10.1038/s41598-017-03506-1;
RA Kim G.D., Cho Y.H., Yoo S.D.;
RT "Regulatory functions of cellular energy sensor SNF1-related kinase1 for
RT leaf senescence delay through ETHYLENE- INSENSITIVE3 repression.";
RL Sci. Rep. 7:3193-3193(2017).
RN [12]
RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.78 ANGSTROMS) OF 174-306, FUNCTION, AND
RP DNA-BINDING DOMAIN.
RX PubMed=26352699; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0137439;
RA Song J., Zhu C., Zhang X., Wen X., Liu L., Peng J., Guo H., Yi C.;
RT "Biochemical and Structural Insights into the Mechanism of DNA Recognition
RT by Arabidopsis ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE3.";
RL PLoS ONE 10:e0137439-e0137439(2015).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Transcription factor acting as a positive regulator in the
CC ethylene response pathway, by promoting histone acetylation in an
CC ENAP1-dependent manner, thus accelerating the expression of ethylene-
CC responsive genes (PubMed:28874528). Binds DNA (PubMed:26352699). Is
CC required for ethylene responsiveness in adult plant tissues. Binds a
CC primary ethylene response element present in the ETHYLENE-RESPONSE-
CC FACTOR1 promoter with consequence to activate the transcription of this
CC gene. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:26352699, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28874528,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9215635, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9851977}.
CC -!- ACTIVITY REGULATION: Activated by phosphorylation by MPK3 and MPK6
CC (PubMed:18273012). Down-regulated by KIN10 that controls its protein
CC stability under a phosphorylation-dependent manner (PubMed:28600557).
CC Satnilitzed during hypoxia (e.g. submergences) via a ceramides-
CC triggered and CTR1-dependent manner (PubMed:25822663).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18273012, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25822663,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:28600557}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Acts as homodimer to bind the primary ethylene response
CC element. Interacts with TAF12B. Interacts with KIN10 (PubMed:28600557).
CC Binds to ENAP1 in the presence of ethylene; this reaction facilitates
CC its association with histone (PubMed:27694846, PubMed:28874528).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17526916, ECO:0000269|PubMed:27694846,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:28600557, ECO:0000269|PubMed:28874528}.
CC -!- INTERACTION:
CC O24606; Q9SKK0: EBF1; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-593576, EBI-401198;
CC O24606; Q708Y0: EBF2; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-593576, EBI-593623;
CC O24606; Q9FML2: HDA6; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-593576, EBI-639608;
CC O24606; Q9LMA8: TIFY10A; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-593576, EBI-1388539;
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Accumuates upon hypoxia (e.g. submergences).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25822663}.
CC -!- PTM: Phosphorylated by KIN10. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28600557}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Loss-of-function mutations (ein3-1 and ein3-2) in the
CC gene lead to the suppression of ethylene-mediated effects including
CC gene expression, the triple response, cell growth inhibition, and
CC accelerated senescence.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the EIN3 family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AF004216; AAC49749.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AF004217; AAC49750.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB025629; BAB02485.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002686; AEE76421.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY069875; AAL47431.2; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_188713.1; NM_112968.4.
DR PDB; 4ZDS; X-ray; 1.78 A; A/B=174-306.
DR PDBsum; 4ZDS; -.
DR AlphaFoldDB; O24606; -.
DR SMR; O24606; -.
DR BioGRID; 6957; 9.
DR DIP; DIP-34865N; -.
DR IntAct; O24606; 7.
DR STRING; 3702.AT3G20770.1; -.
DR iPTMnet; O24606; -.
DR PaxDb; O24606; -.
DR PRIDE; O24606; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 220446; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT3G20770.1; AT3G20770.1; AT3G20770.
DR GeneID; 821625; -.
DR Gramene; AT3G20770.1; AT3G20770.1; AT3G20770.
DR KEGG; ath:AT3G20770; -.
DR Araport; AT3G20770; -.
DR TAIR; locus:2091906; AT3G20770.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502QQSG; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_027306_0_0_1; -.
DR OMA; NGKEDWW; -.
DR OrthoDB; 266873at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; O24606; -.
DR PRO; PR:O24606; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 3.
DR ExpressionAtlas; O24606; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; O24606; AT.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0003682; F:chromatin binding; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0003677; F:DNA binding; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0003700; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0042393; F:histone binding; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0019900; F:kinase binding; IPI:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0000976; F:transcription cis-regulatory region binding; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0006325; P:chromatin organization; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0042742; P:defense response to bacterium; IGI:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0009873; P:ethylene-activated signaling pathway; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0016573; P:histone acetylation; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:2000082; P:regulation of L-ascorbic acid biosynthetic process; IEP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0006355; P:regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; TAS:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0009723; P:response to ethylene; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0001666; P:response to hypoxia; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0010182; P:sugar mediated signaling pathway; TAS:TAIR.
DR Gene3D; 1.10.3180.10; -; 2.
DR InterPro; IPR006957; EIN3.
DR InterPro; IPR023278; Ethylene_insens-like_DNA-bd.
DR PANTHER; PTHR33305; PTHR33305; 1.
DR Pfam; PF04873; EIN3; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF116768; SSF116768; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW 3D-structure; Activator; Chromatin regulator; Coiled coil; DNA-binding;
KW Ethylene signaling pathway; Nucleus; Reference proteome; Transcription;
KW Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..628
FT /note="Protein ETHYLENE INSENSITIVE 3"
FT /id="PRO_0000113498"
FT REGION 66..92
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 174..306
FT /note="DNA-binding domain"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:26352699"
FT COILED 38..68
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT MUTAGEN 245
FT /note="K->N: In ein3-3; suppression of DNA-binding."
FT HELIX 174..178
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4ZDS"
FT HELIX 183..193
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4ZDS"
FT HELIX 194..196
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4ZDS"
FT STRAND 197..199
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4ZDS"
FT HELIX 201..203
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4ZDS"
FT HELIX 206..208
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4ZDS"
FT HELIX 223..226
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4ZDS"
FT HELIX 240..242
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4ZDS"
FT HELIX 245..259
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4ZDS"
FT HELIX 263..271
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4ZDS"
FT HELIX 274..279
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4ZDS"
FT HELIX 282..302
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4ZDS"
SQ SEQUENCE 628 AA; 71421 MW; 8DA269C9F2A3BFD3 CRC64;
MMFNEMGMCG NMDFFSSGSL GEVDFCPVPQ AEPDSIVEDD YTDDEIDVDE LERRMWRDKM
RLKRLKEQDK GKEGVDAAKQ RQSQEQARRK KMSRAQDGIL KYMLKMMEVC KAQGFVYGII
PENGKPVTGA SDNLREWWKD KVRFDRNGPA AITKYQAENN IPGIHEGNNP IGPTPHTLQE
LQDTTLGSLL SALMQHCDPP QRRFPLEKGV PPPWWPNGKE DWWPQLGLPK DQGPAPYKKP
HDLKKAWKVG VLTAVIKHMF PDIAKIRKLV RQSKCLQDKM TAKESATWLA IINQEESLAR
ELYPESCPPL SLSGGSCSLL MNDCSQYDVE GFEKESHYEV EELKPEKVMN SSNFGMVAKM
HDFPVKEEVP AGNSEFMRKR KPNRDLNTIM DRTVFTCENL GCAHSEISRG FLDRNSRDNH
QLACPHRDSR LPYGAAPSRF HVNEVKPVVG FPQPRPVNSV AQPIDLTGIV PEDGQKMISE
LMSMYDRNVQ SNQTSMVMEN QSVSLLQPTV HNHQEHLQFP GNMVEGSFFE DLNIPNRANN
NNSSNNQTFF QGNNNNNNVF KFDTADHNNF EAAHNNNNNS SGNRFQLVFD STPFDMASFD
YRDDMSMPGV VGTMDGMQQK QQDVSIWF
