EMF1_ARATH
ID EMF1_ARATH Reviewed; 1096 AA.
AC Q9LYD9; A5YY84;
DT 08-MAR-2011, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-OCT-2000, sequence version 1.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 106.
DE RecName: Full=Protein EMBRYONIC FLOWER 1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:11487698};
GN Name=EMF1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:11487698};
GN OrderedLocusNames=At5g11530 {ECO:0000312|Araport:AT5G11530};
GN ORFNames=F15N18.120 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:CAB87713.1};
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND
RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX PubMed=11487698; DOI=10.2307/3871324;
RA Aubert D., Chen L., Moon Y.-H., Martin D., Castle L.A., Yang C.-H.,
RA Sung Z.R.;
RT "EMF1, a novel protein involved in the control of shoot architecture and
RT flowering in Arabidopsis.";
RL Plant Cell 13:1865-1875(2001).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=11130714; DOI=10.1038/35048507;
RA Tabata S., Kaneko T., Nakamura Y., Kotani H., Kato T., Asamizu E.,
RA Miyajima N., Sasamoto S., Kimura T., Hosouchi T., Kawashima K., Kohara M.,
RA Matsumoto M., Matsuno A., Muraki A., Nakayama S., Nakazaki N., Naruo K.,
RA Okumura S., Shinpo S., Takeuchi C., Wada T., Watanabe A., Yamada M.,
RA Yasuda M., Sato S., de la Bastide M., Huang E., Spiegel L., Gnoj L.,
RA O'Shaughnessy A., Preston R., Habermann K., Murray J., Johnson D.,
RA Rohlfing T., Nelson J., Stoneking T., Pepin K., Spieth J., Sekhon M.,
RA Armstrong J., Becker M., Belter E., Cordum H., Cordes M., Courtney L.,
RA Courtney W., Dante M., Du H., Edwards J., Fryman J., Haakensen B.,
RA Lamar E., Latreille P., Leonard S., Meyer R., Mulvaney E., Ozersky P.,
RA Riley A., Strowmatt C., Wagner-McPherson C., Wollam A., Yoakum M., Bell M.,
RA Dedhia N., Parnell L., Shah R., Rodriguez M., Hoon See L., Vil D.,
RA Baker J., Kirchoff K., Toth K., King L., Bahret A., Miller B., Marra M.A.,
RA Martienssen R., McCombie W.R., Wilson R.K., Murphy G., Bancroft I.,
RA Volckaert G., Wambutt R., Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Pohl T.,
RA Entian K.-D., Terryn N., Hartley N., Bent E., Johnson S., Langham S.-A.,
RA McCullagh B., Robben J., Grymonprez B., Zimmermann W., Ramsperger U.,
RA Wedler H., Balke K., Wedler E., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W.,
RA Mooijman P., Klein Lankhorst R., Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Rose M.,
RA Hauf J., Berneiser S., Hempel S., Feldpausch M., Lamberth S.,
RA Villarroel R., Gielen J., Ardiles W., Bents O., Lemcke K., Kolesov G.,
RA Mayer K.F.X., Rudd S., Schoof H., Schueller C., Zaccaria P., Mewes H.-W.,
RA Bevan M., Fransz P.F.;
RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 5 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Nature 408:823-826(2000).
RN [3]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [4]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=7781888; DOI=10.1006/dbio.1995.1158;
RA Yang C.-H., Chen L.-J., Sung Z.R.;
RT "Genetic regulation of shoot development in Arabidopsis: role of the EMF
RT genes.";
RL Dev. Biol. 169:421-435(1995).
RN [5]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=9401124; DOI=10.2307/3870561;
RA Chen L., Cheng J.C., Castle L., Sung Z.R.;
RT "EMF genes regulate Arabidopsis inflorescence development.";
RL Plant Cell 9:2011-2024(1997).
RN [6]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=9615462; DOI=10.1093/oxfordjournals.pcp.a029381;
RA Haung M.-D., Yang C.-H.;
RT "EMF genes interact with late-flowering genes to regulate Arabidopsis shoot
RT development.";
RL Plant Cell Physiol. 39:382-393(1998).
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=9721681; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-313x.1998.00204.x;
RA Chou M.L., Yang C.-H.;
RT "FLD interacts with genes that affect different developmental phase
RT transitions to regulate Arabidopsis shoot development.";
RL Plant J. 15:231-242(1998).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=10097382; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-313x.1999.00364.x;
RA Page T., Macknight R., Yang C.-H., Dean C.;
RT "Genetic interactions of the Arabidopsis flowering time gene FCA, with
RT genes regulating floral initiation.";
RL Plant J. 17:231-239(1999).
RN [9]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=12615941; DOI=10.1105/tpc.007831;
RA Moon Y.-H., Chen L., Pan R.L., Chang H.-S., Zhu T., Maffeo D.M., Sung Z.R.;
RT "EMF genes maintain vegetative development by repressing the flower program
RT in Arabidopsis.";
RL Plant Cell 15:681-693(2003).
RN [10]
RP FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH MSI1, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX PubMed=18281509; DOI=10.1105/tpc.106.049957;
RA Calonje M., Sanchez R., Chen L., Sung Z.R.;
RT "EMBRYONIC FLOWER1 participates in polycomb group-mediated AG gene
RT silencing in Arabidopsis.";
RL Plant Cell 20:277-291(2008).
RN [11]
RP FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RX PubMed=19825645; DOI=10.1093/mp/ssp004;
RA Sanchez R., Kim M.Y., Calonje M., Moon Y.-H., Sung Z.R.;
RT "Temporal and spatial requirement of EMF1 activity for Arabidopsis
RT vegetative and reproductive development.";
RL Mol. Plant 2:643-653(2009).
RN [12]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=19783648; DOI=10.1104/pp.109.143495;
RA Kim S.Y., Zhu T., Sung Z.R.;
RT "Epigenetic regulation of gene programs by EMF1 and EMF2 in Arabidopsis.";
RL Plant Physiol. 152:516-528(2010).
RN [13]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=23632855; DOI=10.1104/pp.112.213223;
RA Pu L., Liu M.-S., Kim S.Y., Chen L.-F.O., Fletcher J.C., Sung Z.R.;
RT "EMBRYONIC FLOWER1 and ULTRAPETALA1 Act Antagonistically on Arabidopsis
RT Development and Stress Response.";
RL Plant Physiol. 162:812-830(2013).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Transcription repressor that regulates phase transition
CC during shoot, flower and seeds development. Controls leaves
CC development, shoot architecture and flowering by delaying both the
CC vegetative to reproductive transition and flower initiation.
CC Participates in polycomb group (PcG) protein complex-mediated
CC (including EMF2) silencing of the flower homeotic genes AGAMOUS (AG),
CC PISTILLATA (PI), and APETALA3 (AP3), as well as of some regulatory
CC genes such as ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3), LONG VEGETATIVE PHASE1
CC (LOV1), and FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC) during vegetative development.
CC Required for histone methylation or for maintaining a stable histone
CC methylation (e.g. H3K27me3) pattern of repressed target genes
CC (including genes involved in salt stress response and flower
CC development); this repression is counteracted by ULT1
CC (PubMed:23632855). Can bind non specifically DNA (both double- and
CC single-stranded) and RNA. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10097382,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:11487698, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12615941,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:18281509, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19783648,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:19825645, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23632855,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:7781888, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9401124,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9615462, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9721681}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with MSI1. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18281509}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00768,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:18281509}. Note=Follow a speckle-like pattern.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18281509}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in mature embryo, root tips, cotyledons,
CC leaves, stems, shoot apex, and flower clusters, with highest levels in
CC flowers. The presence in the shoot apical meristem (SAM) is required to
CC maintain vegetative development and prevent early flowering.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11487698, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19825645}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: After flowering, expressed in the stigma and
CC anthers. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19825645}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Abolished rosette shoot development, reduced
CC inflorescence with several flowers lacking petals, and differentiation
CC of the apical meristem from indeterminate to determinate growth by
CC producing a single terminal flower on all nodes. Altered inflorescence-
CC to-flower transition. Degenerated flowers with only carpelloid
CC structures capped with stigmatic papillae but lacking leaves, petals
CC and stamen. Derepressed seed development program. Decreased H3K27me3
CC marks but increased H3K4me3 marks on target gene loci
CC (PubMed:23632855). Plants missing both EMF1 and ULT1 have rescued
CC normal H3K27me3 marks and H3K4me3 marks (PubMed:23632855).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10097382, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11487698,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:12615941, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19783648,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:23632855, ECO:0000269|PubMed:7781888,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9401124, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9615462,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9721681}.
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DR EMBL; AF319968; AAK98528.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AL163815; CAB87713.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002688; AED91692.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002688; ANM68488.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002688; ANM68489.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598316; ABR08848.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598317; ABR08849.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598318; ABR08850.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598319; ABR08851.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598320; ABR08852.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598321; ABR08853.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598322; ABR08854.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598323; ABR08855.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598324; ABR08856.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598325; ABR08857.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598326; ABR08858.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598327; ABR08859.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598328; ABR08860.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598329; ABR08861.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598330; ABR08862.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EF598331; ABR08863.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR PIR; T48512; T48512.
DR RefSeq; NP_001330242.1; NM_001343200.1.
DR RefSeq; NP_001330243.1; NM_001343201.1.
DR RefSeq; NP_196714.1; NM_121191.4.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q9LYD9; -.
DR BioGRID; 16303; 6.
DR STRING; 3702.AT5G11530.1; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9LYD9; -.
DR PRIDE; Q9LYD9; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 224422; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT5G11530.1; AT5G11530.1; AT5G11530.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT5G11530.2; AT5G11530.2; AT5G11530.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT5G11530.3; AT5G11530.3; AT5G11530.
DR GeneID; 831025; -.
DR Gramene; AT5G11530.1; AT5G11530.1; AT5G11530.
DR Gramene; AT5G11530.2; AT5G11530.2; AT5G11530.
DR Gramene; AT5G11530.3; AT5G11530.3; AT5G11530.
DR KEGG; ath:AT5G11530; -.
DR Araport; AT5G11530; -.
DR TAIR; locus:2144241; AT5G11530.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502RBJ9; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_283919_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9LYD9; -.
DR OMA; LDECDYA; -.
DR OrthoDB; 140622at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q9LYD9; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q9LYD9; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 5.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q9LYD9; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; Q9LYD9; AT.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0003690; F:double-stranded DNA binding; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0003723; F:RNA binding; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0003697; F:single-stranded DNA binding; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0070734; P:histone H3-K27 methylation; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0016571; P:histone methylation; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0042538; P:hyperosmotic salinity response; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0010022; P:meristem determinacy; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0009910; P:negative regulation of flower development; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0045892; P:negative regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009791; P:post-embryonic development; IEP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0009909; P:regulation of flower development; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:1902464; P:regulation of histone H3-K27 trimethylation; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:1901000; P:regulation of response to salt stress; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0048367; P:shoot system development; IMP:TAIR.
DR InterPro; IPR034583; EMF1.
DR PANTHER; PTHR35504; PTHR35504; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW DNA-binding; Nucleus; Reference proteome; Repeat; Repressor; RNA-binding.
FT CHAIN 1..1096
FT /note="Protein EMBRYONIC FLOWER 1"
FT /id="PRO_0000405409"
FT REGION 155..189
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 274..296
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 315..348
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 337..617
FT /note="DNA-binding"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:18281509"
FT REGION 366..420
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 563..612
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 629..651
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 866..1096
FT /note="DNA-binding"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305|PubMed:18281509"
FT REGION 1007..1032
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 1070..1096
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT MOTIF 170..177
FT /note="Nuclear localization signal 1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00768"
FT MOTIF 281..288
FT /note="Nuclear localization signal 2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00768"
FT MOTIF 1071..1078
FT /note="Nuclear localization signal 3"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00768"
FT COMPBIAS 168..182
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 315..339
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 384..400
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 569..605
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 1018..1032
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
SQ SEQUENCE 1096 AA; 121671 MW; 190308C7A96A0F61 CRC64;
MGSSIKINSI SIDLAGAANE IDMVKCDHFS MRGFVAETRE RDLRKCWPFS EESVSLVDQQ
SYTLPTLSVP KFRWWHCMSC IKDIDAHGPK DCGLHSNSKA IGNSSVIESK SKFNSLTIID
HEKEKKTDIA DNAIEEKVGV NCENDDQTAT TFLKKARGRP MGASNVRSKS RKLVSPEQVG
NNRSKEKLNK PSMDISSWKE KQNVDQAVTT FGSSEIAGVV EDTPPKATKN HKGIRGLMEC
DNGSSESINL AMSGLQRRKS RKVRLLSELL GNTKTSGGSN IRKEESALKK ESVRGRKRKL
LPENNYVSRI LSTMGATSEN ASKSCDSDQG NSESTDSGFD RTPFKGKQRN RRFQVVDEFV
PSLPCETSQE GIKEHDADPS KRSTPAHSLF TGNDSVPCPP GTQRTERKLS LPKKKTKKPV
IDNGKSTVIS FSNGIDGSQV NSHTGPSMNT VSQTRDLLNG KRVGGLFDNR LASDGYFRKY
LSQVNDKPIT SLHLQDNDYV RSRDAEPNCL RDFSSSSKSS SGGWLRTGVD IVDFRNNNHN
TNRSSFSNLK LRYPPSSTEV ADLSRVLQKD ASGADRKGKT VMVQEHHGAP RSQSHDRKET
TTEEQNNDDI PMEIVELMAK NQYERCLPDK EEDVSNKQPS QETAHKSKNA LLIDLNETYD
NGISLEDNNT SRPPKPCSSN ARREEHFPMG RQQNSHDFFP ISQPYVPSPF GIFPPTQENR
ASSIRFSGHN CQWLGNLPTV GNQNPSPSSF RVLRACDTCQ SVPNQYREAS HPIWPSSMIP
PQSQYKPVSL NINQSTNPGT LSQASNNENT WNLNFVAANG KQKCGPNPEF SFGCKHAAGV
SSSSSRPIDN FSSESSIPAL HLLSLLDPRL RSTTPADQHG NTKFTKRHFP PANQSKEFIE
LQTGDSSKSA YSTKQIPFDL YSKRFTQEPS RKSFPITPPI GTSSLSFQNA SWSPHHQEKK
TKRKDTFAPV YNTHEKPVFA SSNDQAKFQL LGASNSMMLP LKFHMTDKEK KQKRKAESCN
NNASAGPVKN SSGPIVCSVN RNPADFTIPE PGNVYMLTGE HLKVRKRTTF KKKPAVCKQD
AMKQTKKPVC PPTQNA
