AGL31_ARATH
ID AGL31_ARATH Reviewed; 196 AA.
AC Q9FPN7; C0J8M2; Q84NB5; Q9FGD9;
DT 11-JUL-2001, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 15-FEB-2005, sequence version 2.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 142.
DE RecName: Full=Agamous-like MADS-box protein AGL31;
DE AltName: Full=Protein MADS AFFECTING FLOWERING 2;
GN Name=AGL31; Synonyms=MAF2; OrderedLocusNames=At5g65050; ORFNames=MXK3.30;
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=11115127; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-313x.2000.00891.x;
RA Alvarez-Buylla E.R., Liljegren S.J., Pelaz S., Gold S.E., Burgeff C.,
RA Ditta G.S., Vergara-Silva F., Yanofsky M.F.;
RT "MADS-box gene evolution beyond flowers: expression in pollen, endosperm,
RT guard cells, roots and trichomes.";
RL Plant J. 24:457-466(2000).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND GENE
RP FAMILY.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia; TISSUE=Flower;
RX PubMed=12837945; DOI=10.1105/tpc.011544;
RA Parenicova L., de Folter S., Kieffer M., Horner D.S., Favalli C.,
RA Busscher J., Cook H.E., Ingram R.M., Kater M.M., Davies B., Angenent G.C.,
RA Colombo L.;
RT "Molecular and phylogenetic analyses of the complete MADS-box transcription
RT factor family in Arabidopsis: new openings to the MADS world.";
RL Plant Cell 15:1538-1551(2003).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), AND FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=12724541; DOI=10.1105/tpc.009506;
RA Ratcliffe O.J., Kumimoto R.W., Wong B.J., Riechmann J.L.;
RT "Analysis of the Arabidopsis MADS AFFECTING FLOWERING gene family: MAF2
RT prevents vernalization by short periods of cold.";
RL Plant Cell 15:1159-1169(2003).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RA Kaneko T., Katoh T., Asamizu E., Sato S., Nakamura Y., Kotani H.,
RA Tabata S.;
RT "Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 5. XI.";
RL Submitted (APR-1999) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=10718197; DOI=10.1093/dnares/7.1.31;
RA Sato S., Nakamura Y., Kaneko T., Katoh T., Asamizu E., Kotani H.,
RA Tabata S.;
RT "Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 5. X. Sequence
RT features of the regions of 3,076,755 bp covered by sixty P1 and TAC
RT clones.";
RL DNA Res. 7:31-63(2000).
RN [6]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [7]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] OF 1-149 (ISOFORM 1/2), AND FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=19139056; DOI=10.1093/molbev/msn300;
RA Caicedo A.L., Richards C., Ehrenreich I.M., Purugganan M.D.;
RT "Complex rearrangements lead to novel chimeric gene fusion polymorphisms at
RT the Arabidopsis thaliana MAF2-5 flowering time gene cluster.";
RL Mol. Biol. Evol. 26:699-711(2009).
RN [8]
RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND GENE FAMILY.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=12949148; DOI=10.1093/molbev/msg216;
RA Kofuji R., Sumikawa N., Yamasaki M., Kondo K., Ueda K., Ito M., Hasebe M.;
RT "Evolution and divergence of the MADS-box gene family based on genome-wide
RT expression analyses.";
RL Mol. Biol. Evol. 20:1963-1977(2003).
RN [9]
RP INDUCTION BY ELF7 AND ELF8.
RX PubMed=15520273; DOI=10.1101/gad.1244504;
RA He Y., Doyle M.R., Amasino R.M.;
RT "PAF1-complex-mediated histone methylation of FLOWERING LOCUS C chromatin
RT is required for the vernalization-responsive, winter-annual habit in
RT Arabidopsis.";
RL Genes Dev. 18:2774-2784(2004).
RN [10]
RP INDUCTION BY HUA2.
RX PubMed=15659097; DOI=10.1111/j.1365-313x.2004.02300.x;
RA Doyle M.R., Bizzell C.M., Keller M.R., Michaels S.D., Song J., Noh Y.-S.,
RA Amasino R.M.;
RT "HUA2 is required for the expression of floral repressors in Arabidopsis
RT thaliana.";
RL Plant J. 41:376-385(2005).
RN [11]
RP REVIEW.
RX PubMed=18390846; DOI=10.1093/jxb/ern070;
RA Alexandre C.M., Hennig L.;
RT "FLC or not FLC: the other side of vernalization.";
RL J. Exp. Bot. 59:1127-1135(2008).
RN [12]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=20551443; DOI=10.1534/genetics.110.116392;
RA Rosloski S.M., Jali S.S., Balasubramanian S., Weigel D., Grbic V.;
RT "Natural diversity in flowering responses of Arabidopsis thaliana caused by
RT variation in a tandem gene array.";
RL Genetics 186:263-276(2010).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Probable transcription factor that prevents vernalization by
CC short periods of cold. Acts as a floral repressor.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12724541, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19139056,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:20551443}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00251}.
CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS:
CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2;
CC Name=2; Synonyms=AGL31-II;
CC IsoId=Q9FPN7-1; Sequence=Displayed;
CC Name=1;
CC IsoId=Q9FPN7-2; Sequence=VSP_012791, VSP_012792;
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in most plant tissues, roots, seedlings,
CC leaves, stems, inflorescences, pollen, siliques and flowers.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11115127, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12837945,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:12949148}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Requires EARLY FLOWERING 7 (ELF7) and ELF8 to be expressed.
CC Up-regulated by HUA2. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15520273,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:15659097}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Early flowering. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20551443}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Complex rearrangements within the MAF2-5 gene cluster
CC plays a role in the variation of the flowering time, an ecologically
CC important variable phenotype.
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DR EMBL; AF312667; AAG37904.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY141211; AAN52775.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY231441; AAO65307.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AB026633; BAB10332.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB019236; BAB10332.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002688; AED97991.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002688; AED97992.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EU980623; ACL93430.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; EU980627; ACL93446.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_001078798.1; NM_001085329.1. [Q9FPN7-2]
DR RefSeq; NP_001119498.1; NM_001126026.2. [Q9FPN7-1]
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q9FPN7; -.
DR SMR; Q9FPN7; -.
DR BioGRID; 21871; 3.
DR STRING; 3702.AT5G65050.3; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9FPN7; -.
DR PRIDE; Q9FPN7; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 244834; -. [Q9FPN7-1]
DR EnsemblPlants; AT5G65050.2; AT5G65050.2; AT5G65050. [Q9FPN7-2]
DR EnsemblPlants; AT5G65050.3; AT5G65050.3; AT5G65050. [Q9FPN7-1]
DR GeneID; 836629; -.
DR Gramene; AT5G65050.2; AT5G65050.2; AT5G65050. [Q9FPN7-2]
DR Gramene; AT5G65050.3; AT5G65050.3; AT5G65050. [Q9FPN7-1]
DR KEGG; ath:AT5G65050; -.
DR Araport; AT5G65050; -.
DR TAIR; locus:2177749; AT5G65050.
DR eggNOG; KOG0014; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_053053_0_4_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9FPN7; -.
DR OMA; YEIQHAG; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q9FPN7; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q9FPN7; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 5.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q9FPN7; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; Q9FPN7; AT.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; HDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0003700; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity; ISS:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0000981; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0046983; F:protein dimerization activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0000978; F:RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0030154; P:cell differentiation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0010582; P:floral meristem determinacy; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0009910; P:negative regulation of flower development; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0010221; P:negative regulation of vernalization response; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0045944; P:positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0006357; P:regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0006355; P:regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; TAS:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0010048; P:vernalization response; IMP:TAIR.
DR CDD; cd00265; MADS_MEF2_like; 1.
DR Gene3D; 3.40.1810.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR033896; MADS_MEF2-like.
DR InterPro; IPR002487; TF_Kbox.
DR InterPro; IPR002100; TF_MADSbox.
DR InterPro; IPR036879; TF_MADSbox_sf.
DR Pfam; PF01486; K-box; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00319; SRF-TF; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00404; MADSDOMAIN.
DR SMART; SM00432; MADS; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF55455; SSF55455; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS51297; K_BOX; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00350; MADS_BOX_1; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50066; MADS_BOX_2; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Alternative splicing; Developmental protein; Differentiation; DNA-binding;
KW Flowering; Nucleus; Reference proteome; Repressor; Transcription;
KW Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..196
FT /note="Agamous-like MADS-box protein AGL31"
FT /id="PRO_0000199478"
FT DOMAIN 1..61
FT /note="MADS-box"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00251"
FT DOMAIN 80..170
FT /note="K-box"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00629"
FT VAR_SEQ 165..178
FT /note="GKKTFLVIEGDRGM -> TKTSLEANSSVDTQ (in isoform 1)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:11115127"
FT /id="VSP_012791"
FT VAR_SEQ 179..196
FT /note="Missing (in isoform 1)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:11115127"
FT /id="VSP_012792"
SQ SEQUENCE 196 AA; 22061 MW; 7AF522CDDB5B8F7D CRC64;
MGRKKVEIKR IENKSSRQVT FSKRRNGLIE KARQLSILCE SSIAVLVVSG SGKLYKSASG
DNMSKIIDRY EIHHADELEA LDLAEKTRNY LPLKELLEIV QSKLEESNVD NASVDTLISL
EEQLETALSV TRARKTELMM GEVKSLQKTE NLLREENQTL ASQVGKKTFL VIEGDRGMSW
ENGSGNKVRE TLPLLK
