ESC_DROVI
ID ESC_DROVI Reviewed; 425 AA.
AC Q26458;
DT 28-MAR-2003, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-NOV-1996, sequence version 1.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 111.
DE RecName: Full=Polycomb protein esc;
DE AltName: Full=Protein extra sex combs;
GN Name=esc;
OS Drosophila virilis (Fruit fly).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea;
OC Drosophilidae; Drosophila.
OX NCBI_TaxID=7244;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=8541211; DOI=10.1016/0925-4773(95)00403-n;
RA Sathe S.S., Harte P.J.;
RT "The extra sex combs protein is highly conserved between Drosophila virilis
RT and Drosophila melanogaster.";
RL Mech. Dev. 52:225-232(1995).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Polycomb group (PcG) protein. In contrast to other PcG
CC protein, it is specifically required during the first 6 hours of
CC embryogenesis to establish PcG silencing. PcG proteins act by forming
CC multiprotein complexes, which are required to maintain the
CC transcriptionally repressive state of homeotic genes throughout
CC development. PcG proteins are not required to initiate repression, but
CC to maintain it during later stages of development. They probably act
CC via a methylation of histones, rendering chromatin heritably changed in
CC its expressibility. Component of the Esc/E(z) complex, which methylates
CC 'Lys-9' and 'Lys-27' residues of histone H3. The Esc/E(z) complex is
CC necessary but not sufficient to recruit a functional PcG repressive
CC complex that represses target genes, suggesting that the recruitment of
CC the distinct PRC1 complex is also required to allow a subsequent
CC repression (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Component of the Esc/E(z) complex, composed of Esc, E(z),
CC Su(z)12, HDAC1/Rpd3, Caf1 and probably Pho. This complex is distinct
CC from the PRC1 complex, which contains many other PcG proteins like Pc,
CC Ph, Psc, Su(z)2. The two complexes however cooperate and interact
CC together during the first 3 hours of development to establish PcG
CC silencing (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- PTM: Phosphorylated. {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the WD repeat ESC family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; S80985; AAB35874.2; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; S80982; AAB35874.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; S80983; AAB35874.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; S80984; AAB35874.2; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q26458; -.
DR SMR; Q26458; -.
DR STRING; 7244.FBpp0231892; -.
DR eggNOG; KOG1034; Eukaryota.
DR GO; GO:0000785; C:chromatin; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0035098; C:ESC/E(Z) complex; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005700; C:polytene chromosome; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0008047; F:enzyme activator activity; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0042802; F:identical protein binding; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0031491; F:nucleosome binding; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0009948; P:anterior/posterior axis specification; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0045815; P:epigenetic maintenance of chromatin in transcription-competent conformation; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0140718; P:facultative heterochromatin assembly; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0016571; P:histone methylation; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0031062; P:positive regulation of histone methylation; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR GO; GO:0006357; P:regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IEA:EnsemblMetazoa.
DR Gene3D; 2.130.10.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR037352; Polycomb_EED.
DR InterPro; IPR015943; WD40/YVTN_repeat-like_dom_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR001680; WD40_repeat.
DR InterPro; IPR019775; WD40_repeat_CS.
DR InterPro; IPR036322; WD40_repeat_dom_sf.
DR PANTHER; PTHR10253:SF5; PTHR10253:SF5; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00400; WD40; 2.
DR SMART; SM00320; WD40; 5.
DR SUPFAM; SSF50978; SSF50978; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00678; WD_REPEATS_1; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50082; WD_REPEATS_2; 2.
DR PROSITE; PS50294; WD_REPEATS_REGION; 1.
PE 3: Inferred from homology;
KW Developmental protein; Nucleus; Phosphoprotein; Repeat; Repressor;
KW Transcription; Transcription regulation; WD repeat.
FT CHAIN 1..425
FT /note="Polycomb protein esc"
FT /id="PRO_0000050973"
FT REPEAT 71..116
FT /note="WD 1"
FT REPEAT 126..165
FT /note="WD 2"
FT REPEAT 168..208
FT /note="WD 3"
FT REPEAT 214..253
FT /note="WD 4"
FT REPEAT 284..321
FT /note="WD 5"
FT REPEAT 340..379
FT /note="WD 6"
FT REPEAT 388..424
FT /note="WD 7"
FT REGION 1..64
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 21..39
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 40..57
FT /note="Basic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
SQ SEQUENCE 425 AA; 48043 MW; EB5B0A0D5F5A93E8 CRC64;
MSSEKVKNDN EPDDTDDSCG DESASFTTNS TTSRSKSPAS STRSKRRGRR SHKSKPKSGA
AYKYDTHVKE NHGANIFGVS FNTLLGKDEP QVFATAGSNR CTVYECPRKG GLTLLHCYAD
PDPDEVFYTC AWSYDLKTSA PLLAAAGYRG VIRVIDIEQN EAVDNYIGHG QAINELKFHP
HKLQLLLSGS KDHAIRLWNI QTHVCIAIFG GVEGHRDEVL SIDFNMRGDR IVSSGMDHSL
KLWCLNTQEF QHKIELSQTF SQEKSTLPFP TITKHFPDFS TRDIHRNYVD CVQWFGNFVL
SKSCENAIVC WKPGQLHQSF EQLKPSDSSC TIIAEFEYDE CEIWFVRFGF NPWQKVIALG
NQQGKVYVWE MDPSDPEGAH MTTLHNLRSV ATVRQIAFSR DASVLVYVCD DATVWRWNRR
HAAAI
