EXD_DROME
ID EXD_DROME Reviewed; 376 AA.
AC P40427; A4V4K5; Q0KHS1; Q9V3S2;
DT 01-FEB-1995, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-FEB-1995, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 202.
DE RecName: Full=Homeobox protein extradenticle;
DE Short=Dpbx;
GN Name=exd; ORFNames=CG8933;
OS Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea;
OC Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.
OX NCBI_TaxID=7227;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], FUNCTION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE,
RP AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=8104703; DOI=10.1016/0092-8674(93)90731-5;
RA Rauskolb C., Peifer M., Wieschaus E.;
RT "Extradenticle, a regulator of homeotic gene activity, is a homolog of the
RT homeobox-containing human proto-oncogene pbx1.";
RL Cell 74:1101-1112(1993).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RX PubMed=10731132; DOI=10.1126/science.287.5461.2185;
RA Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D.,
RA Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F.,
RA George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N.,
RA Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D., Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C.,
RA Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C.,
RA Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A.,
RA An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A.,
RA Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V.,
RA Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J.,
RA Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E.,
RA Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B.,
RA Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I.,
RA Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C.,
RA Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S.,
RA Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M.,
RA Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M.,
RA Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D.,
RA Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F.,
RA Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D.,
RA Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A.,
RA Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C.,
RA McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C.,
RA Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L.,
RA Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R.,
RA Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V.,
RA Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F.,
RA Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J.,
RA Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R.,
RA Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y.,
RA Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T.,
RA Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S.,
RA Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W.,
RA Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M.,
RA Venter J.C.;
RT "The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster.";
RL Science 287:2185-2195(2000).
RN [3]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RX PubMed=12537572; DOI=10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0083;
RA Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S.,
RA Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E.,
RA Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P.,
RA Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J., Drysdale R.A.,
RA Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M.,
RA Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E.;
RT "Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic
RT review.";
RL Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley; TISSUE=Embryo;
RX PubMed=12537569; DOI=10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0080;
RA Stapleton M., Carlson J.W., Brokstein P., Yu C., Champe M., George R.A.,
RA Guarin H., Kronmiller B., Pacleb J.M., Park S., Wan K.H., Rubin G.M.,
RA Celniker S.E.;
RT "A Drosophila full-length cDNA resource.";
RL Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0080.1-RESEARCH0080.8(2002).
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-365, FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND
RP DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RC STRAIN=y(2)w(bf);
RX PubMed=8100142; DOI=10.1016/0925-4773(93)90045-y;
RA Flegel W.A., Singson A.W., Margolis J.S., Bang A.G., Posakony J.W.,
RA Murre C.;
RT "Dpbx, a new homeobox gene closely related to the human proto-oncogene pbx1
RT molecular structure and developmental expression.";
RL Mech. Dev. 41:155-161(1993).
RN [6]
RP FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RX PubMed=7914871; DOI=10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06663.x;
RA Rauskolb C., Wieschaus E.;
RT "Coordinate regulation of downstream genes by extradenticle and the
RT homeotic selector proteins.";
RL EMBO J. 13:3561-3569(1994).
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH HTH, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND DEVELOPMENTAL
RP STAGE.
RC TISSUE=Antenna;
RX PubMed=9346235; DOI=10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80400-6;
RA Rieckhof G.E., Casares F., Ryoo H.D., Abu-Shaar M., Mann R.S.;
RT "Nuclear translocation of extradenticle requires homothorax, which encodes
RT an extradenticle-related homeodomain protein.";
RL Cell 91:171-183(1997).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH HTH, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX PubMed=9463350; DOI=10.1242/dev.125.6.1037;
RA Kurant E., Pai C.-Y., Sharf R., Halachmi N., Sun Y.H., Salzberg A.;
RT "Dorsotonals/homothorax, the Drosophila homologue of meis1, interacts with
RT extradenticle in patterning of the embryonic PNS.";
RL Development 125:1037-1048(1998).
RN [9]
RP FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH HTH, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX PubMed=9450936; DOI=10.1101/gad.12.3.435;
RA Pai C.-Y., Kuo T.-S., Jaw T.J., Kurant E., Chen C.-T., Bessarab D.A.,
RA Salzberg A., Sun Y.H.;
RT "The Homothorax homeoprotein activates the nuclear localization of another
RT homeoprotein, extradenticle, and suppresses eye development in
RT Drosophila.";
RL Genes Dev. 12:435-446(1998).
RN [10]
RP X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (2.4 ANGSTROMS) OF 238-300 IN COMPLEX WITH UBX.
RX PubMed=10067897; DOI=10.1038/17833;
RA Passner J.M., Ryoo H.-D., Shen L., Mann R.S., Aggarwal A.K.;
RT "Structure of a DNA-bound Ultrabithorax-Extradenticle homeodomain
RT complex.";
RL Nature 397:714-719(1999).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Transcription factor which acts with the selector homeodomain
CC proteins altering the regulation of downstream target genes such as
CC wingless (wg), teashirt (tsh) and decapentaplegic (dpp), thus affecting
CC segmental identity. Delimits the eye field and prevent inappropriate
CC eye development. Required for proper localization of chordotonal organs
CC within the peripheral nervous system. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7914871,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:8100142, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8104703,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9346235, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9450936,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9463350}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with Ubx and hth. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10067897,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9346235, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9450936,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9463350}.
CC -!- INTERACTION:
CC P40427; P07548: Dfd; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-101537, EBI-458925;
CC P40427; O46339: hth; NbExp=16; IntAct=EBI-101537, EBI-137488;
CC P40427; P09077: Scr; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-101537, EBI-666569;
CC P40427; P83949: Ubx; NbExp=5; IntAct=EBI-101537, EBI-202590;
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00108,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9346235, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9450936,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9463350}. Note=Nuclear translocation requires
CC interaction with hth.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Prior to full germband retraction it is
CC ubiquitously present, after germband retraction, mostly present in the
CC anterior portion of the ventral nerve cord.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7914871, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8100142}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed both maternally and zygotically at all
CC stages of development. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:7914871,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:8100142, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8104703,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9346235}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Weak posterior-directed transformations in all 3
CC thoracic segments and in the anterior segments of the abdomen.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:8104703}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TALE/PBX homeobox family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; U33747; AAC46903.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; L19295; AAC37182.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AE014298; AAF48555.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY061065; AAL28613.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; Z18864; CAA79313.1; -; mRNA.
DR PIR; A48840; A48840.
DR RefSeq; NP_001259592.1; NM_001272663.2.
DR RefSeq; NP_001259593.1; NM_001272664.1.
DR RefSeq; NP_523360.1; NM_078636.5.
DR RefSeq; NP_727923.1; NM_167478.3.
DR PDB; 1B8I; X-ray; 2.40 A; B=238-300.
DR PDB; 2R5Y; X-ray; 2.60 A; B=238-300.
DR PDB; 2R5Z; X-ray; 2.60 A; B=238-300.
DR PDB; 4CYC; X-ray; 2.36 A; B=238-312.
DR PDB; 4UUS; X-ray; 2.55 A; B/F=238-312.
DR PDB; 5ZJQ; X-ray; 2.44 A; B=237-310.
DR PDB; 5ZJR; X-ray; 3.03 A; B=237-310.
DR PDB; 5ZJS; X-ray; 2.90 A; B=237-310.
DR PDB; 5ZJT; X-ray; 2.40 A; B=237-310.
DR PDBsum; 1B8I; -.
DR PDBsum; 2R5Y; -.
DR PDBsum; 2R5Z; -.
DR PDBsum; 4CYC; -.
DR PDBsum; 4UUS; -.
DR PDBsum; 5ZJQ; -.
DR PDBsum; 5ZJR; -.
DR PDBsum; 5ZJS; -.
DR PDBsum; 5ZJT; -.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P40427; -.
DR SMR; P40427; -.
DR BioGRID; 58911; 62.
DR DIP; DIP-18773N; -.
DR IntAct; P40427; 15.
DR MINT; P40427; -.
DR STRING; 7227.FBpp0073940; -.
DR PaxDb; P40427; -.
DR DNASU; 32567; -.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0074135; FBpp0073940; FBgn0000611.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0074137; FBpp0073942; FBgn0000611.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0333322; FBpp0305514; FBgn0000611.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0333323; FBpp0305515; FBgn0000611.
DR GeneID; 32567; -.
DR KEGG; dme:Dmel_CG8933; -.
DR UCSC; CG8933-RA; d. melanogaster.
DR CTD; 32567; -.
DR FlyBase; FBgn0000611; exd.
DR VEuPathDB; VectorBase:FBgn0000611; -.
DR eggNOG; KOG0774; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00940000169272; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_041153_1_1_1; -.
DR InParanoid; P40427; -.
DR OMA; LAHHMTA; -.
DR OrthoDB; 804740at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; P40427; -.
DR SignaLink; P40427; -.
DR BioGRID-ORCS; 32567; 0 hits in 3 CRISPR screens.
DR ChiTaRS; exd; fly.
DR EvolutionaryTrace; P40427; -.
DR GenomeRNAi; 32567; -.
DR PRO; PR:P40427; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000803; Chromosome X.
DR Bgee; FBgn0000611; Expressed in wing disc and 81 other tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; P40427; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; P40427; DM.
DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0032993; C:protein-DNA complex; IDA:CAFA.
DR GO; GO:0090575; C:RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex; IPI:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0005667; C:transcription regulator complex; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0000987; F:cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0003677; F:DNA binding; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0003700; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0000981; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0140297; F:DNA-binding transcription factor binding; IPI:CAFA.
DR GO; GO:0046982; F:protein heterodimerization activity; IDA:CAFA.
DR GO; GO:0000978; F:RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0043565; F:sequence-specific DNA binding; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0003713; F:transcription coactivator activity; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0003712; F:transcription coregulator activity; IDA:CAFA.
DR GO; GO:0008134; F:transcription factor binding; IPI:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0009887; P:animal organ morphogenesis; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0007420; P:brain development; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0048568; P:embryonic organ development; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0001654; P:eye development; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0048666; P:neuron development; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0007438; P:oenocyte development; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0007422; P:peripheral nervous system development; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0045944; P:positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0045893; P:positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; IDA:CAFA.
DR GO; GO:0042659; P:regulation of cell fate specification; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0006357; P:regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0007432; P:salivary gland boundary specification; TAS:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0007525; P:somatic muscle development; IMP:FlyBase.
DR CDD; cd00086; homeodomain; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR009057; Homeobox-like_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR017970; Homeobox_CS.
DR InterPro; IPR001356; Homeobox_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR005542; PBX.
DR Pfam; PF00046; Homeodomain; 1.
DR Pfam; PF03792; PBC; 1.
DR SMART; SM00389; HOX; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF46689; SSF46689; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00027; HOMEOBOX_1; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50071; HOMEOBOX_2; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS51978; PBC; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW 3D-structure; Developmental protein; DNA-binding; Homeobox; Nucleus;
KW Reference proteome; Transcription; Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..376
FT /note="Homeobox protein extradenticle"
FT /id="PRO_0000048875"
FT DOMAIN 38..237
FT /note="PBC"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01322"
FT DNA_BIND 238..300
FT /note="Homeobox; TALE-type"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00108"
FT REGION 1..37
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 45..124
FT /note="PBC-A"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01322"
FT REGION 127..237
FT /note="PBC-B"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01322"
FT REGION 318..376
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 324..338
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT CONFLICT 98
FT /note="E -> G (in Ref. 5; CAA79313)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 344
FT /note="M -> K (in Ref. 5; CAA79313)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 363
FT /note="M -> T (in Ref. 5; CAA79313)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT TURN 238..241
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:5ZJR"
FT HELIX 247..259
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4CYC"
FT TURN 260..262
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4CYC"
FT HELIX 268..278
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4CYC"
FT HELIX 282..298
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:4CYC"
FT TURN 299..301
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:5ZJT"
FT HELIX 306..309
FT /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:5ZJT"
SQ SEQUENCE 376 AA; 41692 MW; 79E3DC8F1F6B711F CRC64;
MEDPNRMLAH TGGMMAPQGY GLSGQDDGQN AGSENEVRKQ KDIGEILQQI MSISEQSLDE
AQARKHTLNC HRMKPALFSV LCEIKEKTVL SIRNTQEEEP PDPQLMRLDN MLIAEGVAGP
EKGGGGAAAA SAAAASQGGS LSIDGADNAI EHSDYRAKLA QIRQIYHQEL EKYEQACNEF
TTHVMNLLRE QSRTRPITPK EIERMVQIIH KKFSSIQMQL KQSTCEAVMI LRSRFLDARR
KRRNFSKQAS EILNEYFYSH LSNPYPSEEA KEELARKCGI TVSQVSNWFG NKRIRYKKNI
GKAQEEANLY AAKKAAGASP YSMAGPPSGT TTPMMSPAPP QDSMGYPMGS GGYDQQQPYD
NSMGGYDPNL HQDLSP
