AG_ARATH
ID AG_ARATH Reviewed; 252 AA.
AC P17839; O82732;
DT 01-AUG-1990, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 15-DEC-1998, sequence version 2.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 194.
DE RecName: Full=Floral homeotic protein AGAMOUS;
GN Name=AG; OrderedLocusNames=At4g18960; ORFNames=F13C5.130;
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RC STRAIN=cv. Landsberg erecta;
RX PubMed=1973265; DOI=10.1038/346035a0;
RA Yanofsky M.F., Ma H., Bowman J.L., Drews G., Feldmann K.A.,
RA Meyerowitz E.M.;
RT "The protein encoded by the Arabidopsis homeotic gene agamous resembles
RT transcription factors.";
RL Nature 346:35-39(1990).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=10617198; DOI=10.1038/47134;
RA Mayer K.F.X., Schueller C., Wambutt R., Murphy G., Volckaert G., Pohl T.,
RA Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Entian K.-D., Terryn N., Harris B.,
RA Ansorge W., Brandt P., Grivell L.A., Rieger M., Weichselgartner M.,
RA de Simone V., Obermaier B., Mache R., Mueller M., Kreis M., Delseny M.,
RA Puigdomenech P., Watson M., Schmidtheini T., Reichert B., Portetelle D.,
RA Perez-Alonso M., Boutry M., Bancroft I., Vos P., Hoheisel J.,
RA Zimmermann W., Wedler H., Ridley P., Langham S.-A., McCullagh B.,
RA Bilham L., Robben J., van der Schueren J., Grymonprez B., Chuang Y.-J.,
RA Vandenbussche F., Braeken M., Weltjens I., Voet M., Bastiaens I., Aert R.,
RA Defoor E., Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Ramsperger U., Hilbert H., Braun M.,
RA Holzer E., Brandt A., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W., Mooijman P.,
RA Klein Lankhorst R., Rose M., Hauf J., Koetter P., Berneiser S., Hempel S.,
RA Feldpausch M., Lamberth S., Van den Daele H., De Keyser A., Buysshaert C.,
RA Gielen J., Villarroel R., De Clercq R., van Montagu M., Rogers J.,
RA Cronin A., Quail M.A., Bray-Allen S., Clark L., Doggett J., Hall S.,
RA Kay M., Lennard N., McLay K., Mayes R., Pettett A., Rajandream M.A.,
RA Lyne M., Benes V., Rechmann S., Borkova D., Bloecker H., Scharfe M.,
RA Grimm M., Loehnert T.-H., Dose S., de Haan M., Maarse A.C., Schaefer M.,
RA Mueller-Auer S., Gabel C., Fuchs M., Fartmann B., Granderath K., Dauner D.,
RA Herzl A., Neumann S., Argiriou A., Vitale D., Liguori R., Piravandi E.,
RA Massenet O., Quigley F., Clabauld G., Muendlein A., Felber R., Schnabl S.,
RA Hiller R., Schmidt W., Lecharny A., Aubourg S., Chefdor F., Cooke R.,
RA Berger C., Monfort A., Casacuberta E., Gibbons T., Weber N., Vandenbol M.,
RA Bargues M., Terol J., Torres A., Perez-Perez A., Purnelle B., Bent E.,
RA Johnson S., Tacon D., Jesse T., Heijnen L., Schwarz S., Scholler P.,
RA Heber S., Francs P., Bielke C., Frishman D., Haase D., Lemcke K.,
RA Mewes H.-W., Stocker S., Zaccaria P., Bevan M., Wilson R.K.,
RA de la Bastide M., Habermann K., Parnell L., Dedhia N., Gnoj L., Schutz K.,
RA Huang E., Spiegel L., Sekhon M., Murray J., Sheet P., Cordes M.,
RA Abu-Threideh J., Stoneking T., Kalicki J., Graves T., Harmon G.,
RA Edwards J., Latreille P., Courtney L., Cloud J., Abbott A., Scott K.,
RA Johnson D., Minx P., Bentley D., Fulton B., Miller N., Greco T., Kemp K.,
RA Kramer J., Fulton L., Mardis E., Dante M., Pepin K., Hillier L.W.,
RA Nelson J., Spieth J., Ryan E., Andrews S., Geisel C., Layman D., Du H.,
RA Ali J., Berghoff A., Jones K., Drone K., Cotton M., Joshu C., Antonoiu B.,
RA Zidanic M., Strong C., Sun H., Lamar B., Yordan C., Ma P., Zhong J.,
RA Preston R., Vil D., Shekher M., Matero A., Shah R., Swaby I.K.,
RA O'Shaughnessy A., Rodriguez M., Hoffman J., Till S., Granat S., Shohdy N.,
RA Hasegawa A., Hameed A., Lodhi M., Johnson A., Chen E., Marra M.A.,
RA Martienssen R., McCombie W.R.;
RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Nature 402:769-777(1999).
RN [3]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [4]
RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=1675158; DOI=10.1016/0092-8674(91)90551-9;
RA Drews G.N., Bowman J.L., Meyerowitz E.M.;
RT "Negative regulation of the Arabidopsis homeotic gene AGAMOUS by the
RT APETALA2 product.";
RL Cell 65:991-1002(1991).
RN [5]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=17794879; DOI=10.1126/science.261.5129.1723;
RA Weigel D., Meyerowitz E.M.;
RT "Activation of floral homeotic genes in Arabidopsis.";
RL Science 261:1723-1726(1993).
RN [6]
RP REVIEW.
RX PubMed=7913881; DOI=10.1016/0092-8674(94)90291-7;
RA Weigel D., Meyerowitz E.M.;
RT "The ABCs of floral homeotic genes.";
RL Cell 78:203-209(1994).
RN [7]
RP CHARACTERIZATION.
RX PubMed=8643482; DOI=10.1073/pnas.93.10.4793;
RA Riechmann J.L., Krizek B.A., Meyerowitz E.M.;
RT "Dimerization specificity of Arabidopsis MADS domain homeotic proteins
RT APETALA1, APETALA3, PISTILLATA, and AGAMOUS.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 93:4793-4798(1996).
RN [8]
RP CHARACTERIZATION.
RX PubMed=9418042; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-313x.1997.12050999.x;
RA Fan H.-Y., Hu Y., Tudor M., Ma H.;
RT "Specific interactions between the K domains of AG and AGLs, members of the
RT MADS domain family of DNA binding proteins.";
RL Plant J. 12:999-1010(1997).
RN [9]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=9783581; DOI=10.1038/26903;
RA Parcy F., Nilsson O., Busch M.A., Lee I., Weigel D.;
RT "A genetic framework for floral patterning.";
RL Nature 395:561-566(1998).
RN [10]
RP INDUCTION BY HUA2.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=10198637; DOI=10.1016/s1097-2765(00)80462-1;
RA Chen X., Meyerowitz E.M.;
RT "HUA1 and HUA2 are two members of the floral homeotic AGAMOUS pathway.";
RL Mol. Cell 3:349-360(1999).
RN [11]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=11058164; DOI=10.1073/pnas.230352397;
RA Conner J., Liu Z.;
RT "LEUNIG, a putative transcriptional corepressor that regulates AGAMOUS
RT expression during flower development.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97:12902-12907(2000).
RN [12]
RP INTERACTION WITH FLR1.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia, and cv. Landsberg erecta;
RX PubMed=11689012; DOI=10.1006/bbrc.2001.5875;
RA Gamboa A., Paez-Valencia J., Acevedo G.F., Vazquez-Moreno L.,
RA Alvarez-Buylla R.E.;
RT "Floral transcription factor AGAMOUS interacts in vitro with a leucine-rich
RT repeat and an acid phosphatase protein complex.";
RL Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 288:1018-1026(2001).
RN [13]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=15254538; DOI=10.1038/nature02733;
RA Ito T., Wellmer F., Yu H., Das P., Ito N., Alves-Ferreira M.,
RA Riechmann J.L., Meyerowitz E.M.;
RT "The homeotic protein AGAMOUS controls microsporogenesis by regulation of
RT SPOROCYTELESS.";
RL Nature 430:356-360(2004).
RN [14]
RP INTERACTION WITH AGL15 AND AGL16.
RX PubMed=15805477; DOI=10.1105/tpc.105.031831;
RA de Folter S., Immink R.G.H., Kieffer M., Parenicova L., Henz S.R.,
RA Weigel D., Busscher M., Kooiker M., Colombo L., Kater M.M., Davies B.,
RA Angenent G.C.;
RT "Comprehensive interaction map of the Arabidopsis MADS Box transcription
RT factors.";
RL Plant Cell 17:1424-1433(2005).
RN [15]
RP INDUCTION BY EMF1.
RX PubMed=18281509; DOI=10.1105/tpc.106.049957;
RA Calonje M., Sanchez R., Chen L., Sung Z.R.;
RT "EMBRYONIC FLOWER1 participates in polycomb group-mediated AG gene
RT silencing in Arabidopsis.";
RL Plant Cell 20:277-291(2008).
RN [16]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=19956801; DOI=10.1371/journal.pbio.1000251;
RA Ng K.H., Yu H., Ito T.;
RT "AGAMOUS controls GIANT KILLER, a multifunctional chromatin modifier in
RT reproductive organ patterning and differentiation.";
RL PLoS Biol. 7:E1000251-E1000251(2009).
RN [17]
RP INDUCTION BY EMF1 AND EMF2.
RX PubMed=19783648; DOI=10.1104/pp.109.143495;
RA Kim S.Y., Zhu T., Sung Z.R.;
RT "Epigenetic regulation of gene programs by EMF1 and EMF2 in Arabidopsis.";
RL Plant Physiol. 152:516-528(2010).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Probable transcription factor involved in the control of
CC organ identity during the early development of flowers. Is required for
CC normal development of stamens and carpels in the wild-type flower.
CC Plays a role in maintaining the determinacy of the floral meristem.
CC Acts as C class cadastral protein by repressing the A class floral
CC homeotic genes like APETALA1. Forms a heterodimer via the K-box domain
CC with either SEPALATTA1/AGL2, SEPALATTA2/AGL4, SEPALLATA3/AGL9 or AGL6
CC that could be involved in genes regulation during floral meristem
CC development. Controls AHL21/GIK, a multifunctional chromatin modifier
CC in reproductive organ patterning and differentiation (PubMed:19956801).
CC Induces microsporogenesis through the activation of SPL/NZZ
CC (PubMed:15254538). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15254538,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:19956801}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer, capable of binding to CArG-box sequences. Forms a
CC heterodimer via the K-box domain with either SEPALATTA1/AGL2,
CC SEPALATTA2/AGL4, SEPALLATA3/AGL9 or AGL6. Heterodimerization also seen
CC with some other Agamous-like MADS-box proteins. Interacts with AGL15
CC and AGL16. Component of a complex made of FLOR1, VSP1 and AGAMOUS (AG).
CC Binds directly with FLR1 (PubMed:11689012).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11689012, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15805477}.
CC -!- INTERACTION:
CC P17839; Q1PEU3: AGL6; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-592365, EBI-2315134;
CC P17839; Q5XXN8: SEP1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-592365, EBI-2315096;
CC P17839; O22456: SEP3; NbExp=4; IntAct=EBI-592365, EBI-592020;
CC P17839; B4F7R9; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-592365, EBI-2315153;
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus.
CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS:
CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=1;
CC Comment=A number of isoforms are produced. According to EST
CC sequences.;
CC Name=1;
CC IsoId=P17839-1; Sequence=Displayed;
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Detected early in the floral meristem but mostly
CC expressed in stamen and carpel primordia. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1675158}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Negatively regulated by the A class floral homeotic protein
CC APETALA2 and by other repressors like LEUNIG, SEUSS, SAP or CURLY LEAF.
CC Positively regulated by both LEAFY and APETALA1. Repressed by silencing
CC mediated by polycomb group (PcG) protein complex containing EMF1 and
CC EMF2. Up-regulated by HUA2. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10198637,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:11058164, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1675158,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:17794879, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18281509,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:19783648, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9783581}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Mutations result in the replacement of the six
CC stamens by six petals and of the carpels by a new mutant flower.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:1973265}.
CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC Sequence=CAA16753.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
CC Sequence=CAA37642.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Extended N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
CC Sequence=CAB78898.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR EMBL; X53579; CAA37642.1; ALT_INIT; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AL021711; CAA16753.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AL161549; CAB78898.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002687; AEE84111.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR PIR; A85214; A85214.
DR PIR; T05033; T05033.
DR RefSeq; NP_567569.3; NM_118013.2.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P17839; -.
DR SMR; P17839; -.
DR BioGRID; 12924; 34.
DR IntAct; P17839; 24.
DR STRING; 3702.AT4G18960.1; -.
DR PaxDb; P17839; -.
DR PRIDE; P17839; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 244942; -. [P17839-1]
DR EnsemblPlants; AT4G18960.1; AT4G18960.1; AT4G18960.
DR GeneID; 827631; -.
DR Gramene; AT4G18960.1; AT4G18960.1; AT4G18960.
DR KEGG; ath:AT4G18960; -.
DR Araport; AT4G18960; -.
DR eggNOG; KOG0014; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_053053_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; P17839; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1270226at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; P17839; -.
DR PRO; PR:P17839; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 4.
DR ExpressionAtlas; P17839; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; P17839; AT.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0000981; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0046983; F:protein dimerization activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0000978; F:RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0030154; P:cell differentiation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0009908; P:flower development; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0045944; P:positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0006357; P:regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IBA:GO_Central.
DR CDD; cd00265; MADS_MEF2_like; 1.
DR Gene3D; 3.40.1810.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR033896; MADS_MEF2-like.
DR InterPro; IPR002487; TF_Kbox.
DR InterPro; IPR002100; TF_MADSbox.
DR InterPro; IPR036879; TF_MADSbox_sf.
DR Pfam; PF01486; K-box; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00319; SRF-TF; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00404; MADSDOMAIN.
DR SMART; SM00432; MADS; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF55455; SSF55455; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS51297; K_BOX; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00350; MADS_BOX_1; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50066; MADS_BOX_2; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Activator; Alternative splicing; Coiled coil; Developmental protein;
KW Differentiation; DNA-binding; Flowering; Nucleus; Reference proteome;
KW Transcription; Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..252
FT /note="Floral homeotic protein AGAMOUS"
FT /id="PRO_0000199445"
FT DOMAIN 19..73
FT /note="MADS-box"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00251"
FT DOMAIN 103..193
FT /note="K-box"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00629"
FT REGION 1..20
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COILED 99..166
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CONFLICT 1
FT /note="M -> T (in Ref. 1; CAA37642/CAA16753/CAB78898 and 2;
FT AEE84111)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 252 AA; 28723 MW; 4E7591AD85654C1C CRC64;
MAYQSELGGD SSPLRKSGRG KIEIKRIENT TNRQVTFCKR RNGLLKKAYE LSVLCDAEVA
LIVFSSRGRL YEYSNNSVKG TIERYKKAIS DNSNTGSVAE INAQYYQQES AKLRQQIISI
QNSNRQLMGE TIGSMSPKEL RNLEGRLERS ITRIRSKKNE LLFSEIDYMQ KREVDLHNDN
QILRAKIAEN ERNNPSISLM PGGSNYEQLM PPPQTQSQPF DSRNYFQVAA LQPNNHHYSS
AGRQDQTALQ LV
