FCA_ARATH
ID FCA_ARATH Reviewed; 747 AA.
AC O04425; F4JLR8; F4JLR9; O04424; O04727; O23475;
DT 15-JUL-1998, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 15-FEB-2017, sequence version 3.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 161.
DE RecName: Full=Flowering time control protein FCA;
GN Name=FCA; OrderedLocusNames=At4g16280;
GN ORFNames=dl4180c, dl4181c, dl4182c, FCAALL.331;
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], AND ALTERNATIVE SPLICING.
RC STRAIN=cv. Landsberg erecta;
RX PubMed=9182761; DOI=10.1016/s0092-8674(00)80256-1;
RA Macknight R., Bancroft I., Page T., Lister C., Schmidt R., Love K.,
RA Westphal L., Murphy G., Sherson S., Cobbett C., Dean C.;
RT "FCA, a gene controlling flowering time in Arabidopsis, encodes a protein
RT containing RNA-binding domains.";
RL Cell 89:737-745(1997).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=9461215; DOI=10.1038/35140;
RA Bevan M., Bancroft I., Bent E., Love K., Goodman H.M., Dean C.,
RA Bergkamp R., Dirkse W., van Staveren M., Stiekema W., Drost L., Ridley P.,
RA Hudson S.-A., Patel K., Murphy G., Piffanelli P., Wedler H., Wedler E.,
RA Wambutt R., Weitzenegger T., Pohl T., Terryn N., Gielen J., Villarroel R.,
RA De Clercq R., van Montagu M., Lecharny A., Aubourg S., Gy I., Kreis M.,
RA Lao N., Kavanagh T., Hempel S., Kotter P., Entian K.-D., Rieger M.,
RA Schaefer M., Funk B., Mueller-Auer S., Silvey M., James R., Monfort A.,
RA Pons A., Puigdomenech P., Douka A., Voukelatou E., Milioni D.,
RA Hatzopoulos P., Piravandi E., Obermaier B., Hilbert H., Duesterhoeft A.,
RA Moores T., Jones J.D.G., Eneva T., Palme K., Benes V., Rechmann S.,
RA Ansorge W., Cooke R., Berger C., Delseny M., Voet M., Volckaert G.,
RA Mewes H.-W., Klosterman S., Schueller C., Chalwatzis N.;
RT "Analysis of 1.9 Mb of contiguous sequence from chromosome 4 of Arabidopsis
RT thaliana.";
RL Nature 391:485-488(1998).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=10617198; DOI=10.1038/47134;
RA Mayer K.F.X., Schueller C., Wambutt R., Murphy G., Volckaert G., Pohl T.,
RA Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Entian K.-D., Terryn N., Harris B.,
RA Ansorge W., Brandt P., Grivell L.A., Rieger M., Weichselgartner M.,
RA de Simone V., Obermaier B., Mache R., Mueller M., Kreis M., Delseny M.,
RA Puigdomenech P., Watson M., Schmidtheini T., Reichert B., Portetelle D.,
RA Perez-Alonso M., Boutry M., Bancroft I., Vos P., Hoheisel J.,
RA Zimmermann W., Wedler H., Ridley P., Langham S.-A., McCullagh B.,
RA Bilham L., Robben J., van der Schueren J., Grymonprez B., Chuang Y.-J.,
RA Vandenbussche F., Braeken M., Weltjens I., Voet M., Bastiaens I., Aert R.,
RA Defoor E., Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Ramsperger U., Hilbert H., Braun M.,
RA Holzer E., Brandt A., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W., Mooijman P.,
RA Klein Lankhorst R., Rose M., Hauf J., Koetter P., Berneiser S., Hempel S.,
RA Feldpausch M., Lamberth S., Van den Daele H., De Keyser A., Buysshaert C.,
RA Gielen J., Villarroel R., De Clercq R., van Montagu M., Rogers J.,
RA Cronin A., Quail M.A., Bray-Allen S., Clark L., Doggett J., Hall S.,
RA Kay M., Lennard N., McLay K., Mayes R., Pettett A., Rajandream M.A.,
RA Lyne M., Benes V., Rechmann S., Borkova D., Bloecker H., Scharfe M.,
RA Grimm M., Loehnert T.-H., Dose S., de Haan M., Maarse A.C., Schaefer M.,
RA Mueller-Auer S., Gabel C., Fuchs M., Fartmann B., Granderath K., Dauner D.,
RA Herzl A., Neumann S., Argiriou A., Vitale D., Liguori R., Piravandi E.,
RA Massenet O., Quigley F., Clabauld G., Muendlein A., Felber R., Schnabl S.,
RA Hiller R., Schmidt W., Lecharny A., Aubourg S., Chefdor F., Cooke R.,
RA Berger C., Monfort A., Casacuberta E., Gibbons T., Weber N., Vandenbol M.,
RA Bargues M., Terol J., Torres A., Perez-Perez A., Purnelle B., Bent E.,
RA Johnson S., Tacon D., Jesse T., Heijnen L., Schwarz S., Scholler P.,
RA Heber S., Francs P., Bielke C., Frishman D., Haase D., Lemcke K.,
RA Mewes H.-W., Stocker S., Zaccaria P., Bevan M., Wilson R.K.,
RA de la Bastide M., Habermann K., Parnell L., Dedhia N., Gnoj L., Schutz K.,
RA Huang E., Spiegel L., Sekhon M., Murray J., Sheet P., Cordes M.,
RA Abu-Threideh J., Stoneking T., Kalicki J., Graves T., Harmon G.,
RA Edwards J., Latreille P., Courtney L., Cloud J., Abbott A., Scott K.,
RA Johnson D., Minx P., Bentley D., Fulton B., Miller N., Greco T., Kemp K.,
RA Kramer J., Fulton L., Mardis E., Dante M., Pepin K., Hillier L.W.,
RA Nelson J., Spieth J., Ryan E., Andrews S., Geisel C., Layman D., Du H.,
RA Ali J., Berghoff A., Jones K., Drone K., Cotton M., Joshu C., Antonoiu B.,
RA Zidanic M., Strong C., Sun H., Lamar B., Yordan C., Ma P., Zhong J.,
RA Preston R., Vil D., Shekher M., Matero A., Shah R., Swaby I.K.,
RA O'Shaughnessy A., Rodriguez M., Hoffman J., Till S., Granat S., Shohdy N.,
RA Hasegawa A., Hameed A., Lodhi M., Johnson A., Chen E., Marra M.A.,
RA Martienssen R., McCombie W.R.;
RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Nature 402:769-777(1999).
RN [4]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [5]
RP INTERACTION WITH SWI3B.
RX PubMed=12140326; DOI=10.1093/nar/gkf458;
RA Sarnowski T.J., Swiezewski S., Pawlikowska K., Kaczanowski S.,
RA Jerzmanowski A.;
RT "AtSWI3B, an Arabidopsis homolog of SWI3, a core subunit of yeast Swi/Snf
RT chromatin remodeling complex, interacts with FCA, a regulator of flowering
RT time.";
RL Nucleic Acids Res. 30:3412-3421(2002).
RN [6]
RP INTERACTION WITH FY, AND MUTAGENESIS OF TRP-619.
RX PubMed=12809608; DOI=10.1016/s0092-8674(03)00425-2;
RA Simpson G.G., Dijkwel P.P., Quesada V., Henderson I., Dean C.;
RT "FY is an RNA 3' end-processing factor that interacts with FCA to control
RT the Arabidopsis floral transition.";
RL Cell 113:777-787(2003).
RN [7]
RP INDUCTION BY ITSELF, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX PubMed=12805228; DOI=10.1093/emboj/cdg305;
RA Quesada V., Macknight R., Dean C., Simpson G.G.;
RT "Autoregulation of FCA pre-mRNA processing controls Arabidopsis flowering
RT time.";
RL EMBO J. 22:3142-3152(2003).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=17916737; DOI=10.1126/science.1146565;
RA Baurle I., Smith L., Baulcombe D.C., Dean C.;
RT "Widespread role for the flowering-time regulators FCA and FPA in RNA-
RT mediated chromatin silencing.";
RL Science 318:109-112(2007).
RN [9]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=20079695; DOI=10.1016/j.devcel.2009.12.009;
RA Hornyik C., Terzi L.C., Simpson G.G.;
RT "The spen family protein FPA controls alternative cleavage and
RT polyadenylation of RNA.";
RL Dev. Cell 18:203-213(2010).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Plays a major role in the promotion of the transition of the
CC vegetative meristem to reproductive development. Plays a role in the
CC regulation of flowering time in the autonomous flowering pathway by
CC decreasing FLOWERING LOCUS C mRNA levels. Required for RNA-mediated
CC chromatin silencing of a range of loci in the genome.
CC Cotranscriptionally recognizes aberrant RNA and marks it for silencing.
CC Controls alternative cleavage and polyadenylation on pre-mRNAs and
CC antisense RNAs. Acts redundantly with FPA to prevent the expression of
CC distally polyadenylated antisense RNAs at the FLC locus.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17916737, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20079695}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts (via C-terminus) with SWI3B and (via WW domain) with
CC FY (via PPLPP motifs). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12140326,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:12809608}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12805228}.
CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS:
CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=4;
CC Name=Gamma;
CC IsoId=O04425-1; Sequence=Displayed;
CC Name=Alpha;
CC IsoId=O04425-2; Sequence=VSP_005794;
CC Name=Beta;
CC IsoId=O04425-3; Sequence=VSP_005795, VSP_005796;
CC Name=Delta;
CC IsoId=O04425-4; Sequence=VSP_005797;
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Constitutively expressed, but the negative feedback
CC maintains the active isoform a low level throughout much of the plant,
CC except in meristematic cells at a specific time in development.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12805228}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Negative feedback mediated by FCA itself.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12805228}.
CC -!- DOMAIN: The WW domain is required for autoregulation of FCA expression.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: While FCA requires both FY and FLD, FPA requires FLD but
CC not FY to repress FLC.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: [Isoform Gamma]: Encodes the active protein.
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DR EMBL; Z82989; CAB05388.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; Z82990; CAB05389.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; Z82991; CAB05390.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; Z82992; CAB05391.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Z82992; CAB05392.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Z82992; CAB05393.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Z82993; CAB05394.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; Z82993; CAB05395.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; Z97340; CAB10407.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Z97340; CAB46035.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Z97340; CAB46036.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AL161543; CAB78670.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AL161543; CAB78671.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AL161543; CAB78672.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002687; AEE83725.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002687; AEE83726.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002687; AEE83727.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR PIR; A85181; A85181.
DR PIR; B85181; B85181.
DR PIR; E71429; E71429.
DR RefSeq; NP_001319956.1; NM_001341092.1. [O04425-1]
DR RefSeq; NP_193363.4; NM_117725.3. [O04425-4]
DR RefSeq; NP_849542.2; NM_179211.3. [O04425-2]
DR AlphaFoldDB; O04425; -.
DR SMR; O04425; -.
DR BioGRID; 12617; 7.
DR IntAct; O04425; 2.
DR STRING; 3702.AT4G16280.2; -.
DR iPTMnet; O04425; -.
DR PaxDb; O04425; -.
DR PRIDE; O04425; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 230709; -. [O04425-1]
DR EnsemblPlants; AT4G16280.1; AT4G16280.1; AT4G16280. [O04425-2]
DR EnsemblPlants; AT4G16280.2; AT4G16280.2; AT4G16280. [O04425-1]
DR EnsemblPlants; AT4G16280.3; AT4G16280.3; AT4G16280. [O04425-4]
DR GeneID; 827323; -.
DR Gramene; AT4G16280.1; AT4G16280.1; AT4G16280. [O04425-2]
DR Gramene; AT4G16280.2; AT4G16280.2; AT4G16280. [O04425-1]
DR Gramene; AT4G16280.3; AT4G16280.3; AT4G16280. [O04425-4]
DR KEGG; ath:AT4G16280; -.
DR Araport; AT4G16280; -.
DR eggNOG; KOG0144; Eukaryota.
DR InParanoid; O04425; -.
DR OMA; MAMRAIN; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1209165at2759; -.
DR PRO; PR:O04425; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 4.
DR ExpressionAtlas; O04425; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; O04425; AT.
DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:1990904; C:ribonucleoprotein complex; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0003729; F:mRNA binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0003723; F:RNA binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0030154; P:cell differentiation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0009908; P:flower development; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0008361; P:regulation of cell size; IEA:EnsemblPlants.
DR GO; GO:0009909; P:regulation of flower development; IEA:EnsemblPlants.
DR GO; GO:0080113; P:regulation of seed growth; IEA:EnsemblPlants.
DR GO; GO:0048510; P:regulation of timing of transition from vegetative to reproductive phase; IEA:EnsemblPlants.
DR CDD; cd12637; RRM2_FCA; 1.
DR CDD; cd00201; WW; 1.
DR Gene3D; 3.30.70.330; -; 2.
DR InterPro; IPR034645; FCA_RRM2.
DR InterPro; IPR012677; Nucleotide-bd_a/b_plait_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR035979; RBD_domain_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR000504; RRM_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR001202; WW_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR036020; WW_dom_sf.
DR Pfam; PF00076; RRM_1; 2.
DR Pfam; PF00397; WW; 1.
DR SMART; SM00360; RRM; 2.
DR SMART; SM00456; WW; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF51045; SSF51045; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF54928; SSF54928; 2.
DR PROSITE; PS50102; RRM; 2.
DR PROSITE; PS50020; WW_DOMAIN_2; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Alternative splicing; Developmental protein; Differentiation; Flowering;
KW Nucleus; Reference proteome; Repeat; RNA-binding.
FT CHAIN 1..747
FT /note="Flowering time control protein FCA"
FT /id="PRO_0000081588"
FT DOMAIN 120..201
FT /note="RRM 1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00176"
FT DOMAIN 211..291
FT /note="RRM 2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00176"
FT DOMAIN 591..624
FT /note="WW"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00224"
FT REGION 80..101
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 291..503
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 630..707
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 722..747
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 83..97
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 316..357
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 392..409
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 435..503
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 638..707
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 725..747
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT VAR_SEQ 1..242
FT /note="Missing (in isoform Alpha)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT /id="VSP_005794"
FT VAR_SEQ 163..270
FT /note="CCFVKYATSKDADRAIRALHNQITLPGGTGPVQVRYADGERERIGTLEFKLF
FT VGSLNKQATEKEVEEIFLQFGHVEDVYLMRDEYRQSRGCGFVKYSSKETAMAAIDG ->
FT MSISILLGNSRELYFLKFQVSLKRLMGSNPSLIIGLQLFATIFGLIAYACQRLICVRFC
FT HRRRLPVLRKGLCTYVGQIDFATCVYSRTLDVFEKCRIY (in isoform Beta)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT /id="VSP_005795"
FT VAR_SEQ 271..747
FT /note="Missing (in isoform Beta)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT /id="VSP_005796"
FT VAR_SEQ 534..747
FT /note="Missing (in isoform Delta)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT /id="VSP_005797"
FT MUTAGEN 619
FT /note="W->F: Loss of feedback autoregulation."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12809608"
FT CONFLICT 301
FT /note="E -> D (in Ref. 1; CAB05388)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 362
FT /note="S -> P (in Ref. 1; CAB05391/CAB05392, 2; CAB10407/
FT CAB46035 and 3; CAB78670/CAB78671)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 732
FT /note="Q -> P (in Ref. 1; CAB05391)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 747 AA; 81706 MW; DFD6CB3BF6159248 CRC64;
MNGPPDRVDF KPMGPHHGGS FRPMGFAYDD GFRPMGPNGG VGGEGTRSIV GARYNYPAKY
PPSESPDRRR FIGKAMESDY SVRPTTPPVQ QPLSGQKRGY PISDHGSFTG TDVSDRSSTV
KLFVGSVPRT ATEEEIRPYF EQHGNVLEVA LIKDKRTGQQ QGCCFVKYAT SKDADRAIRA
LHNQITLPGG TGPVQVRYAD GERERIGTLE FKLFVGSLNK QATEKEVEEI FLQFGHVEDV
YLMRDEYRQS RGCGFVKYSS KETAMAAIDG LNGTYTMRGC NQPLIVRFAE PKRPKPGESR
EMAPPVGLGS GPRFQASGPR PTSNFGDSSG DVSHTNPWRP ATSRNVGPPS NTGIRGAGSD
FSPKPGQATL PSNQGGPLGG YGVPPLNPLP VPGVSSSATL QQQNRAAGQH ITPLKKPLHS
PQGLPLPLRP QTNFPGAQAP LQNPYAYSSQ LPTSQLPPQQ NISRATAPQT PLNINLRPTT
VSSATVQFPP RSQQQPLQKM QHPPSELAQL LSQQTQSLQA TFQSSQQAIS QLQQQVQSMQ
QPNQNLPLSQ NGRAGKQQWA GSAIPRVAST TGSTPVSYVQ TAAPAVSQSV GSVKCTWTEH
TSPDGFKYYY NGLTGESKWE KPEEMIVFER EQQKQQQHQE KPTIQQSQTQ LQPLQQQPQQ
VQQQYQGQQL QQPFYSSLYP TPGASHNTQY PSLPVGQNSQ FPMSGIGQNA QDYARTHIPV
GAASMNDISR TQQSRQSPQE LMWKNKA
