AKH_DROME
ID AKH_DROME Reviewed; 79 AA.
AC P61855; P17975; Q9VZH6;
DT 07-JUN-2004, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 07-JUN-2004, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 112.
DE RecName: Full=Adipokinetic hormone;
DE AltName: Full=Hypertrehalosaemic hormone;
DE Short=HRTH;
DE AltName: Full=dAKH;
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=Akh; ORFNames=CG1171;
OS Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea;
OC Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.
OX NCBI_TaxID=7227;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=7664975; DOI=10.1016/0303-7207(95)03492-p;
RA Noyes B.E., Schaffer M.H.;
RT "Identification and expression of the Drosophila adipokinetic hormone
RT gene.";
RL Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 109:133-141(1995).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RX PubMed=10731132; DOI=10.1126/science.287.5461.2185;
RA Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D.,
RA Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F.,
RA George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N.,
RA Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D., Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C.,
RA Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C.,
RA Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A.,
RA An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A.,
RA Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V.,
RA Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J.,
RA Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E.,
RA Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B.,
RA Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I.,
RA Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C.,
RA Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S.,
RA Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M.,
RA Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M.,
RA Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D.,
RA Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F.,
RA Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D.,
RA Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A.,
RA Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C.,
RA McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C.,
RA Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L.,
RA Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R.,
RA Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V.,
RA Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F.,
RA Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J.,
RA Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R.,
RA Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y.,
RA Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T.,
RA Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S.,
RA Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W.,
RA Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M.,
RA Venter J.C.;
RT "The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster.";
RL Science 287:2185-2195(2000).
RN [3]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RX PubMed=12537572; DOI=10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0083;
RA Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S.,
RA Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E.,
RA Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P.,
RA Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J., Drysdale R.A.,
RA Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M.,
RA Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E.;
RT "Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic
RT review.";
RL Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002).
RN [4]
RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 23-30, PYROGLUTAMATE FORMATION AT GLN-23, AND AMIDATION
RP AT TRP-30.
RC STRAIN=Oregon-R; TISSUE=Thorax;
RX PubMed=2117437; DOI=10.1042/bj2690315;
RA Schaffer M.H., Noyes B.E., Slaughter C.A., Thorne G.C., Gaskell S.J.;
RT "The fruitfly Drosophila melanogaster contains a novel charged
RT adipokinetic-hormone-family peptide.";
RL Biochem. J. 269:315-320(1990).
RN [5]
RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 23-30, AND AMIDATION AT TRP-30.
RC TISSUE=Larva;
RX PubMed=12171930; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m206257200;
RA Baggerman G., Cerstiaens A., De Loof A., Schoofs L.;
RT "Peptidomics of the larval Drosophila melanogaster central nervous
RT system.";
RL J. Biol. Chem. 277:40368-40374(2002).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Probably causes a marked increase in hemolymph carbohydrate.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the AKH/HRTH/RPCH family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; L23764; AAB00099.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AE014296; AAF47846.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR PIR; A58656; A58656.
DR RefSeq; NP_523918.1; NM_079194.2.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P61855; -.
DR BioGRID; 63975; 7.
DR IntAct; P61855; 3.
DR STRING; 7227.FBpp0073069; -.
DR PaxDb; P61855; -.
DR DNASU; 38495; -.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0073213; FBpp0073069; FBgn0004552.
DR GeneID; 38495; -.
DR KEGG; dme:Dmel_CG1171; -.
DR CTD; 38495; -.
DR FlyBase; FBgn0004552; Akh.
DR VEuPathDB; VectorBase:FBgn0004552; -.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502T2ES; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_191690_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; P61855; -.
DR OMA; VIYRMIQ; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1575494at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; P61855; -.
DR BioGRID-ORCS; 38495; 0 hits in 1 CRISPR screen.
DR GenomeRNAi; 38495; -.
DR PRO; PR:P61855; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000803; Chromosome 3L.
DR Bgee; FBgn0004552; Expressed in digestive system element and 11 other tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; P61855; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; P61855; DM.
DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0097005; F:adipokinetic hormone receptor binding; IPI:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0005184; F:neuropeptide hormone activity; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0033500; P:carbohydrate homeostasis; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0007186; P:G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0042593; P:glucose homeostasis; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0055088; P:lipid homeostasis; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0007218; P:neuropeptide signaling pathway; IEP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0045819; P:positive regulation of glycogen catabolic process; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0032024; P:positive regulation of insulin secretion; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0010898; P:positive regulation of triglyceride catabolic process; IGI:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0009743; P:response to carbohydrate; IEP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0042594; P:response to starvation; IMP:FlyBase.
DR InterPro; IPR002047; Adipokinetic_hormone_CS.
DR InterPro; IPR010475; AKH/RPCH_hormone.
DR Pfam; PF06377; Adipokin_hormo; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00256; AKH; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Amidation; Cleavage on pair of basic residues; Direct protein sequencing;
KW Hormone; Neuropeptide; Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid; Reference proteome;
KW Secreted; Signal.
FT SIGNAL 1..22
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12171930,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:2117437"
FT PEPTIDE 23..30
FT /note="Adipokinetic hormone"
FT /id="PRO_0000000932"
FT PROPEP 34..79
FT /id="PRO_0000000933"
FT MOD_RES 23
FT /note="Pyrrolidone carboxylic acid"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:2117437"
FT MOD_RES 30
FT /note="Tryptophan amide"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12171930,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:2117437"
SQ SEQUENCE 79 AA; 8843 MW; 6EE12D5C71941494 CRC64;
MNPKSEVLIA AVLFMLLACV QCQLTFSPDW GKRSVGGAGP GTFFETQQGN CKTSNEMLLE
IFRFVQSQAQ LFLDCKHRE
