FLK_ARATH
ID FLK_ARATH Reviewed; 577 AA.
AC Q9SR13; Q58T16;
DT 04-MAR-2015, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-MAY-2000, sequence version 1.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 136.
DE RecName: Full=Flowering locus K homology domain {ECO:0000303|PubMed:14593172};
DE Short=Flowering locus KH domain {ECO:0000303|PubMed:14593172};
GN Name=FLK {ECO:0000303|PubMed:14593172};
GN OrderedLocusNames=At3g04610 {ECO:0000312|Araport:AT3G04610};
GN ORFNames=F7O18.9 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAF04909.1};
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702 {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000006548};
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], AND REVIEW.
RC STRAIN=cv. Landsberg erecta, and cv. Lz-0;
RX PubMed=15911588; DOI=10.1534/genetics.104.036533;
RA Werner J.D., Borevitz J.O., Uhlenhaut N.H., Ecker J.R., Chory J.,
RA Weigel D.;
RT "FRIGIDA-independent variation in flowering time of natural Arabidopsis
RT thaliana accessions.";
RL Genetics 170:1197-1207(2005).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=11130713; DOI=10.1038/35048706;
RA Salanoubat M., Lemcke K., Rieger M., Ansorge W., Unseld M., Fartmann B.,
RA Valle G., Bloecker H., Perez-Alonso M., Obermaier B., Delseny M.,
RA Boutry M., Grivell L.A., Mache R., Puigdomenech P., De Simone V.,
RA Choisne N., Artiguenave F., Robert C., Brottier P., Wincker P.,
RA Cattolico L., Weissenbach J., Saurin W., Quetier F., Schaefer M.,
RA Mueller-Auer S., Gabel C., Fuchs M., Benes V., Wurmbach E., Drzonek H.,
RA Erfle H., Jordan N., Bangert S., Wiedelmann R., Kranz H., Voss H.,
RA Holland R., Brandt P., Nyakatura G., Vezzi A., D'Angelo M., Pallavicini A.,
RA Toppo S., Simionati B., Conrad A., Hornischer K., Kauer G., Loehnert T.-H.,
RA Nordsiek G., Reichelt J., Scharfe M., Schoen O., Bargues M., Terol J.,
RA Climent J., Navarro P., Collado C., Perez-Perez A., Ottenwaelder B.,
RA Duchemin D., Cooke R., Laudie M., Berger-Llauro C., Purnelle B., Masuy D.,
RA de Haan M., Maarse A.C., Alcaraz J.-P., Cottet A., Casacuberta E.,
RA Monfort A., Argiriou A., Flores M., Liguori R., Vitale D., Mannhaupt G.,
RA Haase D., Schoof H., Rudd S., Zaccaria P., Mewes H.-W., Mayer K.F.X.,
RA Kaul S., Town C.D., Koo H.L., Tallon L.J., Jenkins J., Rooney T., Rizzo M.,
RA Walts A., Utterback T., Fujii C.Y., Shea T.P., Creasy T.H., Haas B.,
RA Maiti R., Wu D., Peterson J., Van Aken S., Pai G., Militscher J.,
RA Sellers P., Gill J.E., Feldblyum T.V., Preuss D., Lin X., Nierman W.C.,
RA Salzberg S.L., White O., Venter J.C., Fraser C.M., Kaneko T., Nakamura Y.,
RA Sato S., Kato T., Asamizu E., Sasamoto S., Kimura T., Idesawa K.,
RA Kawashima K., Kishida Y., Kiyokawa C., Kohara M., Matsumoto M., Matsuno A.,
RA Muraki A., Nakayama S., Nakazaki N., Shinpo S., Takeuchi C., Wada T.,
RA Watanabe A., Yamada M., Yasuda M., Tabata S.;
RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 3 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Nature 408:820-822(2000).
RN [3]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=14593172; DOI=10.1126/science.1088305;
RA Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M.,
RA Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G.,
RA Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G., Miranda M., Quach H.L.,
RA Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C.,
RA Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J.,
RA Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A.,
RA Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C.,
RA Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X.,
RA Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M.,
RA Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K.,
RA Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A.,
RA Ecker J.R.;
RT "Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis
RT genome.";
RL Science 302:842-846(2003).
RN [5]
RP FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=15310842; DOI=10.1073/pnas.0404552101;
RA Mockler T.C., Yu X., Shalitin D., Parikh D., Michael T.P., Liou J.,
RA Huang J., Smith Z., Alonso J.M., Ecker J.R., Chory J., Lin C.;
RT "Regulation of flowering time in Arabidopsis by K homology domain
RT proteins.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101:12759-12764(2004).
RN [6]
RP REVIEW.
RX PubMed=16096981; DOI=10.1387/ijdb.051995vq;
RA Quesada V., Dean C., Simpson G.G.;
RT "Regulated RNA processing in the control of Arabidopsis flowering.";
RL Int. J. Dev. Biol. 49:773-780(2005).
RN [7]
RP GENE FAMILY, AND REVIEW.
RX PubMed=15778459; DOI=10.1104/pp.104.057018;
RA Hecht V., Foucher F., Ferrandiz C., Macknight R., Navarro C., Morin J.,
RA Vardy M.E., Ellis N., Beltran J.P., Rameau C., Weller J.L.;
RT "Conservation of Arabidopsis flowering genes in model legumes.";
RL Plant Physiol. 137:1420-1434(2005).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=19576878; DOI=10.1016/j.ydbio.2009.06.035;
RA Ripoll J.J., Rodriguez-Cazorla E., Gonzalez-Reig S., Andujar A.,
RA Alonso-Cantabrana H., Perez-Amador M.A., Carbonell J., Martinez-Laborda A.,
RA Vera A.;
RT "Antagonistic interactions between Arabidopsis K-homology domain genes
RT uncover PEPPER as a positive regulator of the central floral repressor
RT FLOWERING LOCUS C.";
RL Dev. Biol. 333:251-262(2009).
RN [9]
RP INTERACTION WITH HOS1.
RX PubMed=22960247; DOI=10.1093/pcp/pcs123;
RA Lee J.H., Kim J.J., Kim S.H., Cho H.J., Kim J., Ahn J.H.;
RT "The E3 ubiquitin ligase HOS1 regulates low ambient temperature-responsive
RT flowering in Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Plant Cell Physiol. 53:1802-1814(2012).
RN [10]
RP INTERACTION WITH HUA1 AND HEN4.
RX PubMed=25658099; DOI=10.1371/journal.pgen.1004983;
RA Rodriguez-Cazorla E., Ripoll J.J., Andujar A., Bailey L.J.,
RA Martinez-Laborda A., Yanofsky M.F., Vera A.;
RT "K-homology nuclear ribonucleoproteins regulate floral organ identity and
RT determinacy in arabidopsis.";
RL PLoS Genet. 11:E1004983-E1004983(2015).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Regulates positively flowering by repressing FLC expression
CC and post-transcriptional modification. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14593172,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:19576878}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with HOS1 (PubMed:22960247). Interacts with HUA1 and
CC HEN4 (PubMed:25658099). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22960247,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:25658099}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15310842}. Cytoplasm
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15310842}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Delayed flowering without a significant effect on
CC the photoperiodic or vernalization responses (PubMed:14593172). The
CC late-flowering phenotype in flk-2 is rescued by the disruption of PEP
CC (pep-2, pep-4) (PubMed:19576878). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14593172,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:19576878}.
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DR EMBL; AY849998; AAX51268.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY849999; AAX51269.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AC011437; AAF04909.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002686; AEE74106.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002686; ANM63699.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY070475; AAL49941.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_001325772.1; NM_001337535.1.
DR RefSeq; NP_187112.1; NM_111333.5.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q9SR13; -.
DR STRING; 3702.AT3G04610.1; -.
DR iPTMnet; Q9SR13; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9SR13; -.
DR PRIDE; Q9SR13; -.
DR ProMEX; Q9SR13; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 230625; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT3G04610.1; AT3G04610.1; AT3G04610.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT3G04610.2; AT3G04610.2; AT3G04610.
DR GeneID; 819619; -.
DR Gramene; AT3G04610.1; AT3G04610.1; AT3G04610.
DR Gramene; AT3G04610.2; AT3G04610.2; AT3G04610.
DR KEGG; ath:AT3G04610; -.
DR Araport; AT3G04610; -.
DR TAIR; locus:2084908; AT3G04610.
DR eggNOG; KOG2190; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_034604_1_1_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9SR13; -.
DR OrthoDB; 954970at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q9SR13; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q9SR13; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 3.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q9SR13; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; Q9SR13; AT.
DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0003729; F:mRNA binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0009911; P:positive regulation of flower development; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0010468; P:regulation of gene expression; IBA:GO_Central.
DR Gene3D; 3.30.1370.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR004087; KH_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR004088; KH_dom_type_1.
DR InterPro; IPR036612; KH_dom_type_1_sf.
DR Pfam; PF00013; KH_1; 3.
DR SMART; SM00322; KH; 3.
DR SUPFAM; SSF54791; SSF54791; 3.
DR PROSITE; PS50084; KH_TYPE_1; 3.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Cytoplasm; Nucleus; Reference proteome; Repeat; RNA-binding; Transcription;
KW Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..577
FT /note="Flowering locus K homology domain"
FT /id="PRO_0000432400"
FT DOMAIN 186..253
FT /note="KH 1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00117"
FT DOMAIN 276..345
FT /note="KH 2"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00117"
FT DOMAIN 457..521
FT /note="KH 3"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00117"
FT REGION 1..107
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 158..181
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 370..431
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 158..176
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 402..425
FT /note="Pro residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT CONFLICT 26
FT /note="L -> V (in Ref. 1; AAX51268/AAX51269)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 577 AA; 63404 MW; F0473B4F57D239A7 CRC64;
MAEAEDQQNF VAHNGDQVPD QGSDELHNGL PYQVHDETLV HQPYEVEDPI LEPQQYEVPD
PTLEPQQYEV PDQTLEPQQY EVDDQLEYHQ YQLQDQANED VQDHSQDDLQ YQPQNQEQFQ
LQDEAHDQAQ YQAQGDVQDH NGDEVQDKVE DEEGIPEHLE SLQKSEPEED ATVGGEEKRW
PGWPGETVFR MLVPAQKVGS IIGRKGDVIK KIVEETRARI KILDGPPGTT ERAVMVSGKE
EPESSLPPSM DGLLRVHMRI VDGLDGEASQ APPPSKVSTR LLVPASQAGS LIGKQGGTVK
AIQEASACIV RVLGSEDLPV FALQDDRVVE VVGEPTSVHR ALELIASHLR KFLVDRSIIP
FFENQMQKPT RQMDHMPPPH QSWGPPQGHA PSVGGGGYGH NPPPYMQPPP RHDSYYPPPE
MRQPPMEKQP HQGISAYGRE PPMNVHVSSA PPMVAQQVTQ QMQIPLSYAD AVIGTSGSNI
SYTRRLSGAT VTIQETRGVP GEMTVEVSGT GSQVQTAVQL IQNFMAEAGA PAPAQPQTVA
PEQQGYNPYA THGSVYAAAP TNPPGGYATD YSSGYGY
