FLP21_CAEEL
ID FLP21_CAEEL Reviewed; 66 AA.
AC Q18234;
DT 23-FEB-2022, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-OCT-2002, sequence version 2.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 105.
DE RecName: Full=FMRFamide-like neuropeptide 21 {ECO:0000305};
DE Contains:
DE RecName: Full=GLGPRPLRF-amide {ECO:0000303|PubMed:12821653, ECO:0000303|PubMed:14555955};
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=flp-21 {ECO:0000312|WormBase:C26F1.10};
GN Synonyms=AF9 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:12821653};
GN ORFNames=C26F1.10 {ECO:0000312|WormBase:C26F1.10};
OS Caenorhabditis elegans.
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Nematoda; Chromadorea; Rhabditida;
OC Rhabditina; Rhabditomorpha; Rhabditoidea; Rhabditidae; Peloderinae;
OC Caenorhabditis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=6239 {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000001940};
RN [1] {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000001940}
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Bristol N2 {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000001940};
RX PubMed=9851916; DOI=10.1126/science.282.5396.2012;
RG The C. elegans sequencing consortium;
RT "Genome sequence of the nematode C. elegans: a platform for investigating
RT biology.";
RL Science 282:2012-2018(1998).
RN [2] {ECO:0000305}
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=12821653; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m304861200;
RA Kubiak T.M., Larsen M.J., Nulf S.C., Zantello M.R., Burton K.J.,
RA Bowman J.W., Modric T., Lowery D.E.;
RT "Differential activation of 'social' and 'solitary' variants of the
RT Caenorhabditis elegans G protein-coupled receptor NPR-1 by its cognate
RT ligand AF9.";
RL J. Biol. Chem. 278:33724-33729(2003).
RN [3] {ECO:0000305}
RP FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=14555955; DOI=10.1038/nn1140;
RA Rogers C., Reale V., Kim K., Chatwin H., Li C., Evans P., de Bono M.;
RT "Inhibition of Caenorhabditis elegans social feeding by FMRFamide-related
RT peptide activation of NPR-1.";
RL Nat. Neurosci. 6:1178-1185(2003).
RN [4] {ECO:0000305}
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=23764289; DOI=10.1016/j.neuron.2013.04.002;
RA Choi S., Chatzigeorgiou M., Taylor K.P., Schafer W.R., Kaplan J.M.;
RT "Analysis of NPR-1 reveals a circuit mechanism for behavioral quiescence in
RT C. elegans.";
RL Neuron 78:869-880(2013).
RN [5] {ECO:0000305}
RP REVIEW OF FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=25804345; DOI=10.1016/j.tig.2015.02.009;
RA Sterken M.G., Snoek L.B., Kammenga J.E., Andersen E.C.;
RT "The laboratory domestication of Caenorhabditis elegans.";
RL Trends Genet. 31:224-231(2015).
RN [6] {ECO:0000305}
RP PROTEOLYTIC CLEAVAGE, AND MASS SPECTROMETRY.
RX PubMed=30229400; DOI=10.1007/s11064-018-2636-2;
RA Salem J.B., Nkambeu B., Arvanitis D.N., Beaudry F.;
RT "Deciphering the Role of EGL-3 for Neuropeptides Processing in
RT Caenorhabditis elegans Using High-Resolution Quadrupole-Orbitrap Mass
RT Spectrometry.";
RL Neurochem. Res. 43:2121-2131(2018).
CC -!- FUNCTION: FMRFamide-like neuropeptide (PubMed:12821653,
CC PubMed:14555955). Involved in modulating locomotion quiescence during
CC the sleep-like state called lethargus which occurs during molting
CC between larval and adult stages, acting via the G-protein coupled
CC receptor npr-1 (PubMed:23764289). Plays a role in modulating social and
CC feeding behavior (PubMed:14555955). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12821653,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:14555955, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23764289}.
CC -!- FUNCTION: [GLGPRPLRF-amide]: Ligand to G-protein coupled receptor npr-
CC 1. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12821653, ECO:0000269|PubMed:14555955}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in the ADL, ASE and ASH sensory neurons,
CC the URA motor neurons and the MC, M2 and M4 pharyngeal neurons.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14555955}.
CC -!- PTM: May be processed by convertase egl-3.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30229400}.
CC -!- MASS SPECTROMETRY: [GLGPRPLRF-amide]: Mass=506.3; Method=Electrospray;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:30229400};
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Exacerbates bordering behavior, where animals
CC accumulate at the edges of culture media (PubMed:14555955). Enhances
CC clumping/aggregation behavior in a G-protein coupled receptor npr-1
CC mutant background (PubMed:14555955). Decreases locomotion quiescence,
CC in an npr-1 mutant background, during the sleep-like state called
CC lethargus which occurs during molting between larval and adult stages
CC (PubMed:23764289). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14555955,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:23764289}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the FARP (FMRFamide related peptide) family.
CC {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- CAUTION: It has been reported that many phenotypes associated with the
CC Bristol N2 reference allele of the receptor npr-1 may reflect a
CC neomorphic gain-of-function sensitivity of the receptor to flp-18 in
CC addition to sensitivity to flp-21. {ECO:0000303|PubMed:25804345}.
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DR EMBL; BX284605; CCD65774.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR PIR; T15646; T15646.
DR RefSeq; NP_505011.2; NM_072610.6.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q18234; -.
DR STRING; 6239.C26F1.10; -.
DR EPD; Q18234; -.
DR PaxDb; Q18234; -.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; C26F1.10.1; C26F1.10.1; WBGene00001464.
DR GeneID; 182944; -.
DR KEGG; cel:CELE_C26F1.10; -.
DR UCSC; C26F1.10; c. elegans.
DR CTD; 182944; -.
DR WormBase; C26F1.10; CE30733; WBGene00001464; flp-21.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502TICS; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_2814692_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q18234; -.
DR OMA; PYIDQED; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1806681at2759; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000001940; Chromosome V.
DR Bgee; WBGene00001464; Expressed in larva and 3 other tissues.
DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IC:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0031841; F:neuropeptide Y receptor binding; IDA:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0007631; P:feeding behavior; IMP:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:1904068; P:G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway involved in social behavior; IMP:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0007218; P:neuropeptide signaling pathway; IDA:WormBase.
DR GO; GO:0030431; P:sleep; IMP:UniProtKB.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal.
FT SIGNAL 1..16
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CHAIN 17..66
FT /note="FMRFamide-like neuropeptide 21"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT /id="PRO_5004186958"
FT PEPTIDE 57..65
FT /note="GLGPRPLRF-amide"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:12821653"
FT /id="PRO_0000454189"
SQ SEQUENCE 66 AA; 7486 MW; 8D2065216CB30F9F CRC64;
MRLFILLSCL LAWVLAAPYI DQEDALRVLN AYLEQFGPGS DRVYYVAEDD HGSMKRGLGP
RPLRFG
