GALA_DANRE
ID GALA_DANRE Reviewed; 118 AA.
AC E7EZ53;
DT 13-NOV-2013, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 08-MAR-2011, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 62.
DE RecName: Full=Galanin peptides {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22466};
DE Contains:
DE RecName: Full=Galanin {ECO:0000303|PubMed:22522977};
DE Contains:
DE RecName: Full=Galanin message-associated peptide {ECO:0000303|PubMed:22522977};
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=gal {ECO:0000303|PubMed:22522977};
GN Synonyms=galn {ECO:0000305}, ppg {ECO:0000303|PubMed:22522977};
OS Danio rerio (Zebrafish) (Brachydanio rerio).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
OC Actinopterygii; Neopterygii; Teleostei; Ostariophysi; Cypriniformes;
OC Danionidae; Danioninae; Danio.
OX NCBI_TaxID=7955;
RN [1] {ECO:0000305}
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORMS A AND B), TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND
RP DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RC STRAIN=Turku {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22522977};
RC TISSUE=Brain {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22522977};
RX PubMed=22522977; DOI=10.1002/cne.23131;
RA Podlasz P., Sallinen V., Chen Y.C., Kudo H., Fedorowska N., Panula P.;
RT "Galanin gene expression and effects of its knock-down on the development
RT of the nervous system in larval zebrafish.";
RL J. Comp. Neurol. 520:3846-3862(2012).
RN [2] {ECO:0000312|Ensembl:ENSDARP00000111687}
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Tuebingen {ECO:0000312|Ensembl:ENSDARP00000111687};
RX PubMed=23594743; DOI=10.1038/nature12111;
RA Howe K., Clark M.D., Torroja C.F., Torrance J., Berthelot C., Muffato M.,
RA Collins J.E., Humphray S., McLaren K., Matthews L., McLaren S., Sealy I.,
RA Caccamo M., Churcher C., Scott C., Barrett J.C., Koch R., Rauch G.J.,
RA White S., Chow W., Kilian B., Quintais L.T., Guerra-Assuncao J.A., Zhou Y.,
RA Gu Y., Yen J., Vogel J.H., Eyre T., Redmond S., Banerjee R., Chi J., Fu B.,
RA Langley E., Maguire S.F., Laird G.K., Lloyd D., Kenyon E., Donaldson S.,
RA Sehra H., Almeida-King J., Loveland J., Trevanion S., Jones M., Quail M.,
RA Willey D., Hunt A., Burton J., Sims S., McLay K., Plumb B., Davis J.,
RA Clee C., Oliver K., Clark R., Riddle C., Elliot D., Threadgold G.,
RA Harden G., Ware D., Begum S., Mortimore B., Kerry G., Heath P.,
RA Phillimore B., Tracey A., Corby N., Dunn M., Johnson C., Wood J., Clark S.,
RA Pelan S., Griffiths G., Smith M., Glithero R., Howden P., Barker N.,
RA Lloyd C., Stevens C., Harley J., Holt K., Panagiotidis G., Lovell J.,
RA Beasley H., Henderson C., Gordon D., Auger K., Wright D., Collins J.,
RA Raisen C., Dyer L., Leung K., Robertson L., Ambridge K., Leongamornlert D.,
RA McGuire S., Gilderthorp R., Griffiths C., Manthravadi D., Nichol S.,
RA Barker G., Whitehead S., Kay M., Brown J., Murnane C., Gray E.,
RA Humphries M., Sycamore N., Barker D., Saunders D., Wallis J., Babbage A.,
RA Hammond S., Mashreghi-Mohammadi M., Barr L., Martin S., Wray P.,
RA Ellington A., Matthews N., Ellwood M., Woodmansey R., Clark G., Cooper J.,
RA Tromans A., Grafham D., Skuce C., Pandian R., Andrews R., Harrison E.,
RA Kimberley A., Garnett J., Fosker N., Hall R., Garner P., Kelly D., Bird C.,
RA Palmer S., Gehring I., Berger A., Dooley C.M., Ersan-Urun Z., Eser C.,
RA Geiger H., Geisler M., Karotki L., Kirn A., Konantz J., Konantz M.,
RA Oberlander M., Rudolph-Geiger S., Teucke M., Lanz C., Raddatz G.,
RA Osoegawa K., Zhu B., Rapp A., Widaa S., Langford C., Yang F.,
RA Schuster S.C., Carter N.P., Harrow J., Ning Z., Herrero J., Searle S.M.,
RA Enright A., Geisler R., Plasterk R.H., Lee C., Westerfield M.,
RA de Jong P.J., Zon L.I., Postlethwait J.H., Nusslein-Volhard C.,
RA Hubbard T.J., Roest Crollius H., Rogers J., Stemple D.L.;
RT "The zebrafish reference genome sequence and its relationship to the human
RT genome.";
RL Nature 496:498-503(2013).
RN [3]
RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RX PubMed=27315774; DOI=10.1016/j.neulet.2016.06.025;
RA Kim E., Jeong I., Kim S., Kim H.K., Lee D.W., Kim B., Seong J.Y., Bae Y.K.,
RA Ryu J.H., Park H.C.;
RT "Distribution of galanin receptor 2b neurons and interaction with galanin
RT in the zebrafish central nervous system.";
RL Neurosci. Lett. 628:153-160(2016).
RN [4]
RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RX PubMed=30903017; DOI=10.1038/s41598-019-41431-7;
RA Kim E., Jeong I., Chung A.Y., Kim S., Kwon S.H., Seong J.Y., Park H.C.;
RT "Distribution and neuronal circuit of spexin 1/2 neurons in the zebrafish
RT CNS.";
RL Sci. Rep. 9:5025-5025(2019).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Endocrine hormone of the central and peripheral nervous
CC systems that binds and activates the G protein-coupled receptors GALR1
CC (galr1a and galr1b) and GALR2 (galr2a and galr2b). This small
CC neuropeptide may regulate diverse physiologic functions including
CC contraction of smooth muscle of the gastrointestinal and genitourinary
CC tract, growth hormone and insulin release and adrenal secretion.
CC {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P07480, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22466}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P07480}.
CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS:
CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2;
CC Name=A {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22522977};
CC IsoId=E7EZ53-1; Sequence=Displayed;
CC Name=B {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22522977};
CC IsoId=E7EZ53-2; Sequence=VSP_053398;
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Strongly expressed in brain and stomach, moderately
CC in the eye, and very weakly in heart, kidney and gills. Not detected in
CC liver. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22522977}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: In embryos and larvae, detected mainly in nerve
CC cells in the preoptic-hypothalamic regions and fibers innervating
CC several brain regions (at protein level) (PubMed:22522977,
CC PubMed:27315774). In embryos, detected in the anterior commissure,
CC postoptic commissure, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, ventral hindbrain
CC and the white matter of the ventral spinal cord (at protein level)
CC (PubMed:27315774, PubMed:30903017). In larvae, detected in brain
CC regions including telencephalon, hypothalamus, mesencephalon, medulla
CC oblongata and pituitary at 30 hpf onwards (at protein level)
CC (PubMed:22522977). Both isoforms are maternally expressed and detected
CC throughout embryonic development (PubMed:22522977). Low-level
CC expression detected throughout the developing embryo at 6-24 hours
CC post-fertilization (hpf) with more focused expression detected in
CC specific groups of neurons in the brain at 28 hpf onwards
CC (PubMed:22522977). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:22522977,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:27315774, ECO:0000269|PubMed:30903017}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the galanin family. {ECO:0000255}.
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DR EMBL; CR391967; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; Genomic_DNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_001333168.1; NM_001346239.1. [E7EZ53-2]
DR RefSeq; XP_005163049.1; XM_005162992.3. [E7EZ53-1]
DR AlphaFoldDB; E7EZ53; -.
DR PaxDb; E7EZ53; -.
DR PRIDE; E7EZ53; -.
DR Ensembl; ENSDART00000130608; ENSDARP00000111687; ENSDARG00000091377. [E7EZ53-2]
DR Ensembl; ENSDART00000154776; ENSDARP00000128202; ENSDARG00000091377. [E7EZ53-2]
DR Ensembl; ENSDART00000190212; ENSDARP00000154557; ENSDARG00000091377. [E7EZ53-1]
DR GeneID; 100006361; -.
DR KEGG; dre:100006361; -.
DR CTD; 51083; -.
DR ZFIN; ZDB-GENE-111117-2; gal.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00390000009663; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_166244_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; E7EZ53; -.
DR OMA; PEDDMKP; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1518030at2759; -.
DR TreeFam; TF335850; -.
DR Reactome; R-DRE-375276; Peptide ligand-binding receptors.
DR Reactome; R-DRE-418594; G alpha (i) signalling events.
DR PRO; PR:E7EZ53; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000437; Genome assembly.
DR Proteomes; UP000814640; Chromosome 25.
DR Bgee; ENSDARG00000091377; Expressed in brain and 16 other tissues.
DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0043025; C:neuronal cell body; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0030141; C:secretory granule; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0004966; F:galanin receptor activity; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0031763; F:galanin receptor binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0005184; F:neuropeptide hormone activity; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0031764; F:type 1 galanin receptor binding; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0031765; F:type 2 galanin receptor binding; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0031766; F:type 3 galanin receptor binding; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0007218; P:neuropeptide signaling pathway; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0045944; P:positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009416; P:response to light stimulus; IGI:ZFIN.
DR GO; GO:0030431; P:sleep; IGI:ZFIN.
DR InterPro; IPR008174; Galanin.
DR InterPro; IPR008175; Galanin_pre.
DR InterPro; IPR013068; GMAP.
DR PANTHER; PTHR16839; PTHR16839; 1.
DR Pfam; PF01296; Galanin; 1.
DR Pfam; PF06540; GMAP; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00273; GALANIN.
DR SMART; SM00071; Galanin; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00861; GALANIN; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Alternative splicing; Amidation; Cleavage on pair of basic residues;
KW Hormone; Neuropeptide; Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal.
FT SIGNAL 1..19
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT PROPEP 20..30
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22466"
FT /id="PRO_0000424351"
FT PEPTIDE 33..61
FT /note="Galanin"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22466"
FT /id="PRO_0000424352"
FT PEPTIDE 65..118
FT /note="Galanin message-associated peptide"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22466"
FT /id="PRO_0000424353"
FT MOD_RES 61
FT /note="Alanine amide"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P47214"
FT VAR_SEQ 45..46
FT /note="PH -> PRRIDHLIQIKDTPSARGREDLLGQY (in isoform B)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:22522977"
FT /id="VSP_053398"
SQ SEQUENCE 118 AA; 12808 MW; FB12352A5098C185 CRC64;
MHRCVGGVCV SLIVCAFLTE TLGMVIAAKE KRGWTLNSAG YLLGPHAIDS HRSLSDKHGL
AGKREMPLDE DFKTGALRIA DEDVVHTIID FLSYLKLKEI GALDSLPSSL TSEEISQP
