GAOX2_ORYSJ
ID GAOX2_ORYSJ Reviewed; 389 AA.
AC Q0JH50; Q6YLX3; Q7EC22; Q7GBH4; Q8RVF5; Q8S492;
DT 02-OCT-2007, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 03-OCT-2006, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 96.
DE RecName: Full=Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2;
DE Short=OsGA20ox2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:30002253};
DE EC=1.14.11.- {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O04705};
DE AltName: Full=GA 20-oxidase 2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:12077303};
DE AltName: Full=Gibberellin C-20 oxidase 2 {ECO:0000305};
DE AltName: Full=Os20ox2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:12077303};
DE AltName: Full=Protein semidwarf-1 {ECO:0000305};
GN Name=GA20OX2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:30002253};
GN Synonyms=20ox2 {ECO:0000305}, C20ox2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:12077303},
GN GA20 {ECO:0000305}, Sd-1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:12077303},
GN SD1 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:11961544};
GN OrderedLocusNames=Os01g0883800 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:BAS75582.1},
GN LOC_Os01g66100 {ECO:0000305};
GN ORFNames=B1065E10.46 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:BAB90378.1};
OS Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BOP clade;
OC Oryzoideae; Oryzeae; Oryzinae; Oryza; Oryza sativa.
OX NCBI_TaxID=39947;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, POLYMORPHISM, BIOTECHNOLOGY, AND
RP VARIANT PHE-266.
RC STRAIN=cv. Calrose, and cv. Calrose76;
RX PubMed=12077303; DOI=10.1073/pnas.132266399;
RA Spielmeyer W., Ellis M.H., Chandler P.M.;
RT "Semidwarf (sd-1), 'green revolution' rice, contains a defective
RT gibberellin 20-oxidase gene.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99:9043-9048(2002).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, VARIANT VAL-94,
RP AND VARIANT HIS-349.
RC STRAIN=cv. Jikkoku, cv. Nipponbare, and cv. Reimei;
RX PubMed=11961544; DOI=10.1038/416701a;
RA Sasaki A., Ashikari M., Ueguchi-Tanaka M., Itoh H., Nishimura A.,
RA Swapan D., Ishiyama K., Saito T., Kobayashi M., Khush G.S., Kitano H.,
RA Matsuoka M.;
RT "A mutant gibberellin-synthesis gene in rice.";
RL Nature 416:701-702(2002).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT PHE-266, AND DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
RC STRAIN=cv. Calrose, cv. Nipponbare, and cv. Sasanishiki;
RX PubMed=11939564; DOI=10.1093/dnares/9.1.11;
RA Monna L., Kitazawa N., Yoshino R., Suzuki J., Masuda H., Maehara Y.,
RA Tanji M., Sato M., Nasu S., Minobe Y.;
RT "Positional cloning of rice semidwarfing gene, sd-1: rice 'green revolution
RT gene' encodes a mutant enzyme involved in gibberellin synthesis.";
RL DNA Res. 9:11-17(2002).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RA Yoon U.H., Eun M.Y., Lee J.S., Yun D.W., Kim H.I., Hahn J.H.;
RT "Map-based cloning of semidwarf gene, Sd-1, in rice.";
RL Submitted (JAN-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX PubMed=12447438; DOI=10.1038/nature01184;
RA Sasaki T., Matsumoto T., Yamamoto K., Sakata K., Baba T., Katayose Y.,
RA Wu J., Niimura Y., Cheng Z., Nagamura Y., Antonio B.A., Kanamori H.,
RA Hosokawa S., Masukawa M., Arikawa K., Chiden Y., Hayashi M., Okamoto M.,
RA Ando T., Aoki H., Arita K., Hamada M., Harada C., Hijishita S., Honda M.,
RA Ichikawa Y., Idonuma A., Iijima M., Ikeda M., Ikeno M., Ito S., Ito T.,
RA Ito Y., Ito Y., Iwabuchi A., Kamiya K., Karasawa W., Katagiri S.,
RA Kikuta A., Kobayashi N., Kono I., Machita K., Maehara T., Mizuno H.,
RA Mizubayashi T., Mukai Y., Nagasaki H., Nakashima M., Nakama Y.,
RA Nakamichi Y., Nakamura M., Namiki N., Negishi M., Ohta I., Ono N., Saji S.,
RA Sakai K., Shibata M., Shimokawa T., Shomura A., Song J., Takazaki Y.,
RA Terasawa K., Tsuji K., Waki K., Yamagata H., Yamane H., Yoshiki S.,
RA Yoshihara R., Yukawa K., Zhong H., Iwama H., Endo T., Ito H., Hahn J.H.,
RA Kim H.-I., Eun M.-Y., Yano M., Jiang J., Gojobori T.;
RT "The genome sequence and structure of rice chromosome 1.";
RL Nature 420:312-316(2002).
RN [6]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX PubMed=16100779; DOI=10.1038/nature03895;
RG International rice genome sequencing project (IRGSP);
RT "The map-based sequence of the rice genome.";
RL Nature 436:793-800(2005).
RN [7]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX PubMed=18089549; DOI=10.1093/nar/gkm978;
RG The rice annotation project (RAP);
RT "The rice annotation project database (RAP-DB): 2008 update.";
RL Nucleic Acids Res. 36:D1028-D1033(2008).
RN [8]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX PubMed=24280374; DOI=10.1186/1939-8433-6-4;
RA Kawahara Y., de la Bastide M., Hamilton J.P., Kanamori H., McCombie W.R.,
RA Ouyang S., Schwartz D.C., Tanaka T., Wu J., Zhou S., Childs K.L.,
RA Davidson R.M., Lin H., Quesada-Ocampo L., Vaillancourt B., Sakai H.,
RA Lee S.S., Kim J., Numa H., Itoh T., Buell C.R., Matsumoto T.;
RT "Improvement of the Oryza sativa Nipponbare reference genome using next
RT generation sequence and optical map data.";
RL Rice 6:4-4(2013).
RN [9]
RP BIOTECHNOLOGY.
RX PubMed=21646530; DOI=10.1073/pnas.1019490108;
RA Asano K., Yamasaki M., Takuno S., Miura K., Katagiri S., Ito T., Doi K.,
RA Wu J., Ebana K., Matsumoto T., Innan H., Kitano H., Ashikari M.,
RA Matsuoka M.;
RT "Artificial selection for a green revolution gene during japonica rice
RT domestication.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 108:11034-11039(2011).
RN [10]
RP FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION BY ETHYLENE.
RX PubMed=30002253; DOI=10.1126/science.aat1577;
RA Kuroha T., Nagai K., Gamuyao R., Wang D.R., Furuta T., Nakamori M.,
RA Kitaoka T., Adachi K., Minami A., Mori Y., Mashiguchi K., Seto Y.,
RA Yamaguchi S., Kojima M., Sakakibara H., Wu J., Ebana K., Mitsuda N.,
RA Ohme-Takagi M., Yanagisawa S., Yamasaki M., Yokoyama R., Nishitani K.,
RA Mochizuki T., Tamiya G., McCouch S.R., Ashikari M.;
RT "Ethylene-gibberellin signaling underlies adaptation of rice to periodic
RT flooding.";
RL Science 361:181-186(2018).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Key oxidase enzyme in the biosynthesis of gibberellin that
CC catalyzes the conversion of GA53 to GA20 via a three-step oxidation at
CC C-20 of the GA skeleton (PubMed:12077303, PubMed:11961544,
CC PubMed:30002253). Catalyzes the conversion of GA12 to GA9 via a three-
CC step oxidation at C-20 of the GA skeleton (PubMed:30002253).
CC Contributes to the promotion of internode elongation in response to
CC submergence via ethylene and gibberellin signalings (PubMed:30002253).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11961544, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12077303,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:30002253}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=2 2-oxoglutarate + gibberellin A12 + H(+) + 3 O2 = 3 CO2 +
CC gibberellin A9 + 2 H2O + 2 succinate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:60772,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:16526, ChEBI:CHEBI:16810, ChEBI:CHEBI:30031,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:58627, ChEBI:CHEBI:73255;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O04705};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:60773;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O04705};
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=2 2-oxoglutarate + gibberellin A53 + H(+) + 3 O2 = 3 CO2 +
CC gibberellin A20 + 2 H2O + 2 succinate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:60796,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15377, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:15379,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:16526, ChEBI:CHEBI:16810, ChEBI:CHEBI:30031,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:58526, ChEBI:CHEBI:143954;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O04705};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:60797;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:O04705};
CC -!- COFACTOR:
CC Name=Fe cation; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:24875; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
CC -!- COFACTOR:
CC Name=L-ascorbate; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:38290; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Strongly expressed in leaf blades, stems and
CC unopened flowers. Lower expression in leaf sheath, rachis, shoot apex
CC and roots. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11961544}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed within 48 hours after sowing, as well as
CC in 10-day-old plants and flowering panicles.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11939564}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Induced by ethylene. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:30002253}.
CC -!- POLYMORPHISM: Sd-1 is the major semidwarfing allele extensively used in
CC modern rice cultivars. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:12077303}.
CC -!- BIOTECHNOLOGY: This gene, also known as the 'green revolution gene' has
CC been introduced by conventional breeding procedures into several
CC cultivars. It provides rice cultivars with short, thick culms, raises
CC the harvest index, improves lodging resistance and responsiveness to
CC nitrogen fertilizer, resulting high yields without affecting panicle
CC and grain quality. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:12077303,
CC ECO:0000305|PubMed:21646530}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: A second gene, 20ox1, is preferentially expressed in the
CC reproductive organs and enables the flowers in sd1 plants to develop
CC and be fertilized normally. {ECO:0000305|PubMed:11961544}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the iron/ascorbate-dependent oxidoreductase
CC family. GA20OX subfamily. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AB077025; BAB89356.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AF465255; AAL87949.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AP003561; BAB90378.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AP008207; BAF06928.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AP014957; BAS75582.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR RefSeq; XP_015627721.1; XM_015772235.1.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q0JH50; -.
DR SMR; Q0JH50; -.
DR STRING; 4530.OS01T0883800-02; -.
DR PaxDb; Q0JH50; -.
DR PRIDE; Q0JH50; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; Os01t0883800-02; Os01t0883800-02; Os01g0883800.
DR GeneID; 4325003; -.
DR Gramene; Os01t0883800-02; Os01t0883800-02; Os01g0883800.
DR KEGG; osa:4325003; -.
DR eggNOG; KOG0143; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_010119_16_3_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q0JH50; -.
DR OMA; VVDFFES; -.
DR OrthoDB; 755305at2759; -.
DR BioCyc; MetaCyc:MON-11633; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000763; Chromosome 1.
DR Proteomes; UP000059680; Chromosome 1.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q0JH50; baseline and differential.
DR GO; GO:0051213; F:dioxygenase activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0045544; F:gibberellin 20-oxidase activity; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0009908; P:flower development; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0009686; P:gibberellin biosynthetic process; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009413; P:response to flooding; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0009416; P:response to light stimulus; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0009826; P:unidimensional cell growth; IBA:GO_Central.
DR Gene3D; 2.60.120.330; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR026992; DIOX_N.
DR InterPro; IPR044861; IPNS-like_FE2OG_OXY.
DR InterPro; IPR027443; IPNS-like_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR005123; Oxoglu/Fe-dep_dioxygenase.
DR Pfam; PF03171; 2OG-FeII_Oxy; 1.
DR Pfam; PF14226; DIOX_N; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS51471; FE2OG_OXY; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Iron; Metal-binding; Oxidoreductase; Reference proteome.
FT CHAIN 1..389
FT /note="Gibberellin 20 oxidase 2"
FT /id="PRO_0000219521"
FT DOMAIN 224..324
FT /note="Fe2OG dioxygenase"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00805"
FT REGION 1..23
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT ACT_SITE 315
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT BINDING 249
FT /ligand="Fe cation"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00805"
FT BINDING 251
FT /ligand="Fe cation"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00805"
FT BINDING 305
FT /ligand="Fe cation"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:24875"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00805"
FT VARIANT 94
FT /note="G -> V (in strain: cv. Jikkoku; semidwarfing)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11961544"
FT VARIANT 266
FT /note="L -> F (in strain: cv. Calrose76; semidwarfing)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11939564,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:12077303"
FT VARIANT 349
FT /note="D -> H (in strain: cv. Reimei; semidwarfing)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11961544"
SQ SEQUENCE 389 AA; 42513 MW; 01B26E496DF2EAC1 CRC64;
MVAEHPTPPQ PHQPPPMDST AGSGIAAPAA AAVCDLRMEP KIPEPFVWPN GDARPASAAE
LDMPVVDVGV LRDGDAEGLR RAAAQVAAAC ATHGFFQVSE HGVDAALARA ALDGASDFFR
LPLAEKRRAR RVPGTVSGYT SAHADRFASK LPWKETLSFG FHDRAAAPVV ADYFSSTLGP
DFAPMGRVYQ KYCEEMKELS LTIMELLELS LGVERGYYRE FFADSSSIMR CNYYPPCPEP
ERTLGTGPHC DPTALTILLQ DDVGGLEVLV DGEWRPVSPV PGAMVINIGD TFMALSNGRY
KSCLHRAVVN QRRERRSLAF FLCPREDRVV RPPPSAATPQ HYPDFTWADL MRFTQRHYRA
DTRTLDAFTR WLAPPAADAA ATAQVEAAS
