ID   GBG4_HUMAN              Reviewed;          75 AA.
AC   P50150;
DT   01-OCT-1996, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-OCT-1996, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 188.
DE   RecName: Full=Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O) subunit gamma-4;
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=GNG4; Synonyms=GNGT4;
OS   Homo sapiens (Human).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae;
OC   Homo.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], ISOPRENYLATION AT CYS-72, METHYLATION AT
RP   CYS-72, AND SUBUNIT.
RX   PubMed=7665596; DOI=10.1074/jbc.270.37.21765;
RA   Ray K., Kunsch C., Bonner L.M., Robishaw J.D.;
RT   "Isolation of cDNA clones encoding eight different human G protein gamma
RT   subunits, including three novel forms designated the gamma 4, gamma 10, and
RT   gamma 11 subunits.";
RL   J. Biol. Chem. 270:21765-21771(1995).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RA   Puhl H.L. III, Ikeda S.R., Aronstam R.S.;
RT   "cDNA clones of human proteins involved in signal transduction sequenced by
RT   the Guthrie cDNA resource center (www.cdna.org).";
RL   Submitted (MAR-2002) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   TISSUE=Brain;
RX   PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG   The MGC Project Team;
RT   "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project:
RT   the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL   Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved
CC       as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling
CC       systems. The beta and gamma chains are required for the GTPase
CC       activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-effector
CC       interaction. {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: G proteins are composed of 3 units, alpha, beta and gamma.
CC       Interacts with beta-1 and beta-2, but not with beta-3 (PubMed:7665596).
CC       Interacts with KCNK1 (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P50153,
CC       ECO:0000269|PubMed:7665596}.
CC   -!- INTERACTION:
CC       P50150; Q14192: FHL2; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-6395970, EBI-701903;
CC       P50150; Q920B6: Kcnk2; Xeno; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-6395970, EBI-6530063;
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane {ECO:0000305}; Lipid-anchor
CC       {ECO:0000305}; Cytoplasmic side {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Brain, kidney, pancreas, skeletal muscle and
CC       faintly in cardiac muscle.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G protein gamma family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; U31382; AAC50204.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AF493872; AAM12586.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; BC022485; AAH22485.1; -; mRNA.
DR   CCDS; CCDS1607.1; -.
DR   PIR; I39157; I39157.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001092191.1; NM_001098721.1.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001092192.1; NM_001098722.1.
DR   RefSeq; NP_004476.1; NM_004485.3.
DR   RefSeq; XP_006711824.1; XM_006711761.2.
DR   RefSeq; XP_011542469.1; XM_011544167.2.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P50150; -.
DR   SMR; P50150; -.
DR   BioGRID; 109048; 26.
DR   CORUM; P50150; -.
DR   IntAct; P50150; 15.
DR   STRING; 9606.ENSP00000375727; -.
DR   iPTMnet; P50150; -.
DR   PhosphoSitePlus; P50150; -.
DR   BioMuta; GNG4; -.
DR   DMDM; 1730219; -.
DR   EPD; P50150; -.
DR   jPOST; P50150; -.
DR   MassIVE; P50150; -.
DR   MaxQB; P50150; -.
DR   PaxDb; P50150; -.
DR   PeptideAtlas; P50150; -.
DR   PRIDE; P50150; -.
DR   ProteomicsDB; 56199; -.
DR   Antibodypedia; 34696; 98 antibodies from 23 providers.
DR   DNASU; 2786; -.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000366597.5; ENSP00000355556.1; ENSG00000168243.11.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000366598.8; ENSP00000355557.4; ENSG00000168243.11.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000391854.7; ENSP00000375727.2; ENSG00000168243.11.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000450593.5; ENSP00000398629.1; ENSG00000168243.11.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000484517.2; ENSP00000482192.1; ENSG00000168243.11.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000634574.2; ENSP00000489027.2; ENSG00000282972.3.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000635006.3; ENSP00000489228.2; ENSG00000282972.3.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000635235.2; ENSP00000489454.2; ENSG00000282972.3.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000635387.2; ENSP00000489307.2; ENSG00000282972.3.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000635595.2; ENSP00000489194.2; ENSG00000282972.3.
DR   GeneID; 2786; -.
DR   KEGG; hsa:2786; -.
DR   MANE-Select; ENST00000391854.7; ENSP00000375727.2; NM_001098722.2; NP_001092192.1.
DR   UCSC; uc001hxe.5; human.
DR   CTD; 2786; -.
DR   DisGeNET; 2786; -.
DR   GeneCards; GNG4; -.
DR   HGNC; HGNC:4407; GNG4.
DR   HPA; ENSG00000168243; Tissue enhanced (brain, ovary, pituitary gland).
DR   MIM; 604388; gene.
DR   neXtProt; NX_P50150; -.
DR   OpenTargets; ENSG00000168243; -.
DR   PharmGKB; PA28786; -.
DR   VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000168243; -.
DR   eggNOG; KOG4119; Eukaryota.
DR   GeneTree; ENSGT01050000244876; -.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_168377_0_1_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; P50150; -.
DR   OMA; HMGEDPL; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 1581168at2759; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; P50150; -.
DR   TreeFam; TF319909; -.
DR   PathwayCommons; P50150; -.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-1296041; Activation of G protein gated Potassium channels.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-163359; Glucagon signaling in metabolic regulation.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-202040; G-protein activation.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-381676; Glucagon-like Peptide-1 (GLP1) regulates insulin secretion.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-392170; ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 12.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-392451; G beta:gamma signalling through PI3Kgamma.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-392851; Prostacyclin signalling through prostacyclin receptor.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-400042; Adrenaline,noradrenaline inhibits insulin secretion.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-4086398; Ca2+ pathway.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-416476; G alpha (q) signalling events.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-416482; G alpha (12/13) signalling events.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-418217; G beta:gamma signalling through PLC beta.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-418555; G alpha (s) signalling events.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-418592; ADP signalling through P2Y purinoceptor 1.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-418594; G alpha (i) signalling events.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-418597; G alpha (z) signalling events.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-420092; Glucagon-type ligand receptors.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-428930; Thromboxane signalling through TP receptor.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-432040; Vasopressin regulates renal water homeostasis via Aquaporins.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-456926; Thrombin signalling through proteinase activated receptors (PARs).
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-500657; Presynaptic function of Kainate receptors.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-6814122; Cooperation of PDCL (PhLP1) and TRiC/CCT in G-protein beta folding.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-8964315; G beta:gamma signalling through BTK.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-8964616; G beta:gamma signalling through CDC42.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-9009391; Extra-nuclear estrogen signaling.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-9634597; GPER1 signaling.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-9660821; ADORA2B mediated anti-inflammatory cytokines production.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-997272; Inhibition of voltage gated Ca2+ channels via Gbeta/gamma subunits.
DR   SignaLink; P50150; -.
DR   BioGRID-ORCS; 2786; 13 hits in 1068 CRISPR screens.
DR   ChiTaRS; GNG4; human.
DR   GenomeRNAi; 2786; -.
DR   Pharos; P50150; Tbio.
DR   PRO; PR:P50150; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome 1.
DR   RNAct; P50150; protein.
DR   Bgee; ENSG00000168243; Expressed in ganglionic eminence and 90 other tissues.
DR   ExpressionAtlas; P50150; baseline and differential.
DR   Genevisible; P50150; HS.
DR   GO; GO:0070062; C:extracellular exosome; HDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0005834; C:heterotrimeric G-protein complex; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0005886; C:plasma membrane; TAS:Reactome.
DR   GO; GO:0031681; F:G-protein beta-subunit binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0007186; P:G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0030308; P:negative regulation of cell growth; IMP:BHF-UCL.
DR   GO; GO:0008277; P:regulation of G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; TAS:ProtInc.
DR   CDD; cd00068; GGL; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 4.10.260.10; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR015898; G-protein_gamma-like_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR036284; GGL_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR001770; Gprotein-gamma.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR13809; PTHR13809; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00631; G-gamma; 1.
DR   PRINTS; PR00321; GPROTEING.
DR   SMART; SM00224; GGL; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF48670; SSF48670; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS50058; G_PROTEIN_GAMMA; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Cell membrane; Lipoprotein; Membrane; Methylation; Prenylation;
KW   Reference proteome; Transducer.
FT   CHAIN           1..72
FT                   /note="Guanine nucleotide-binding protein G(I)/G(S)/G(O)
FT                   subunit gamma-4"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000012621"
FT   PROPEP          73..75
FT                   /note="Removed in mature form"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000012622"
FT   MOD_RES         72
FT                   /note="Cysteine methyl ester"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:7665596"
FT   LIPID           72
FT                   /note="S-geranylgeranyl cysteine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:7665596"
SQ   SEQUENCE   75 AA;  8389 MW;  42FAEF4728F83FF5 CRC64;
     MKEGMSNNST TSISQARKAV EQLKMEACMD RVKVSQAAAD LLAYCEAHVR EDPLIIPVPA
     SENPFREKKF FCTIL