ID   GBG_DICDI               Reviewed;          69 AA.
AC   Q95ZG8; Q556F4;
DT   15-JAN-2008, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-DEC-2001, sequence version 1.
DT   25-MAY-2022, entry version 109.
DE   RecName: Full=Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit gamma;
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=gpgA; Synonyms=gg; ORFNames=DDB_G0274125;
OS   Dictyostelium discoideum (Slime mold).
OC   Eukaryota; Amoebozoa; Evosea; Eumycetozoa; Dictyostelia; Dictyosteliales;
OC   Dictyosteliaceae; Dictyostelium.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=44689;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 3-22, FUNCTION,
RP   DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, ISOPRENYLATION AT CYS-66, AND MUTAGENESIS OF
RP   66-CYS--SER-69.
RX   PubMed=11598203; DOI=10.1091/mbc.12.10.3204;
RA   Zhang N., Long Y., Devreotes P.N.;
RT   "Ggamma in dictyostelium: its role in localization of gbetagamma to the
RT   membrane is required for chemotaxis in shallow gradients.";
RL   Mol. Biol. Cell 12:3204-3213(2001).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=AX4;
RX   PubMed=12097910; DOI=10.1038/nature00847;
RA   Gloeckner G., Eichinger L., Szafranski K., Pachebat J.A., Bankier A.T.,
RA   Dear P.H., Lehmann R., Baumgart C., Parra G., Abril J.F., Guigo R.,
RA   Kumpf K., Tunggal B., Cox E.C., Quail M.A., Platzer M., Rosenthal A.,
RA   Noegel A.A.;
RT   "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 2 of Dictyostelium discoideum.";
RL   Nature 418:79-85(2002).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=AX4;
RX   PubMed=15875012; DOI=10.1038/nature03481;
RA   Eichinger L., Pachebat J.A., Gloeckner G., Rajandream M.A., Sucgang R.,
RA   Berriman M., Song J., Olsen R., Szafranski K., Xu Q., Tunggal B.,
RA   Kummerfeld S., Madera M., Konfortov B.A., Rivero F., Bankier A.T.,
RA   Lehmann R., Hamlin N., Davies R., Gaudet P., Fey P., Pilcher K., Chen G.,
RA   Saunders D., Sodergren E.J., Davis P., Kerhornou A., Nie X., Hall N.,
RA   Anjard C., Hemphill L., Bason N., Farbrother P., Desany B., Just E.,
RA   Morio T., Rost R., Churcher C.M., Cooper J., Haydock S., van Driessche N.,
RA   Cronin A., Goodhead I., Muzny D.M., Mourier T., Pain A., Lu M., Harper D.,
RA   Lindsay R., Hauser H., James K.D., Quiles M., Madan Babu M., Saito T.,
RA   Buchrieser C., Wardroper A., Felder M., Thangavelu M., Johnson D.,
RA   Knights A., Loulseged H., Mungall K.L., Oliver K., Price C., Quail M.A.,
RA   Urushihara H., Hernandez J., Rabbinowitsch E., Steffen D., Sanders M.,
RA   Ma J., Kohara Y., Sharp S., Simmonds M.N., Spiegler S., Tivey A.,
RA   Sugano S., White B., Walker D., Woodward J.R., Winckler T., Tanaka Y.,
RA   Shaulsky G., Schleicher M., Weinstock G.M., Rosenthal A., Cox E.C.,
RA   Chisholm R.L., Gibbs R.A., Loomis W.F., Platzer M., Kay R.R.,
RA   Williams J.G., Dear P.H., Noegel A.A., Barrell B.G., Kuspa A.;
RT   "The genome of the social amoeba Dictyostelium discoideum.";
RL   Nature 435:43-57(2005).
RN   [4]
RP   SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX   PubMed=14517243; DOI=10.1093/emboj/cdg508;
RA   Blaauw M., Knol J.C., Kortholt A., Roelofs J., Ruchira X., Postma M.,
RA   Visser A.J.W.G., van Haastert P.J.M.;
RT   "Phosducin-like proteins in Dictyostelium discoideum: implications for the
RT   phosducin family of proteins.";
RL   EMBO J. 22:5047-5057(2003).
RN   [5]
RP   INTERACTION WITH GPBA, ISOPRENYLATION AT CYS-66, METHYLATION AT CYS-66, AND
RP   SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX   PubMed=16135826; DOI=10.1128/mcb.25.18.8393-8400.2005;
RA   Knol J.C., Engel R., Blaauw M., Visser A.J.W.G., van Haastert P.J.M.;
RT   "The phosducin-like protein PhLP1 is essential for Gbetagamma dimer
RT   formation in Dictyostelium discoideum.";
RL   Mol. Cell. Biol. 25:8393-8400(2005).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) are involved
CC       as a modulator or transducer in various transmembrane signaling
CC       systems. This major G-protein of the squid photoreceptor is involved in
CC       visual transduction. The beta and gamma chains are required for the
CC       GTPase activity, for replacement of GDP by GTP, and for G protein-
CC       effector interaction (By similarity). Required for normal chemotaxis in
CC       response to cAMP. {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11598203}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: G proteins are composed of 3 units, alpha, beta and gamma.
CC       Interacts with gpbA, and this requires phlp1.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16135826}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cell membrane {ECO:0000305|PubMed:14517243,
CC       ECO:0000305|PubMed:16135826}; Lipid-anchor
CC       {ECO:0000305|PubMed:14517243, ECO:0000305|PubMed:16135826}; Cytoplasmic
CC       side {ECO:0000305|PubMed:14517243, ECO:0000305|PubMed:16135826}.
CC   -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed in vegetative cells. Expression rises
CC       within 6 hours after the initiation of development and gradually
CC       decreases following the mound stage. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11598203}.
CC   -!- PTM: This protein is thought to be subject to lipidation, and this
CC       requires phlp1. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:16135826}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the G protein gamma family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; AJ312388; CAC42816.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AAFI02000012; EAL69955.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   RefSeq; XP_644080.1; XM_638988.1.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; Q95ZG8; -.
DR   SMR; Q95ZG8; -.
DR   IntAct; Q95ZG8; 1.
DR   STRING; 44689.DDB0185201; -.
DR   PaxDb; Q95ZG8; -.
DR   EnsemblProtists; EAL69955; EAL69955; DDB_G0274125.
DR   GeneID; 8619509; -.
DR   KEGG; ddi:DDB_G0274125; -.
DR   dictyBase; DDB_G0274125; gpgA.
DR   eggNOG; ENOG502RI9H; Eukaryota.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_2781199_0_0_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; Q95ZG8; -.
DR   OMA; ENEWTKP; -.
DR   PRO; PR:Q95ZG8; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000002195; Chromosome 2.
DR   GO; GO:0005834; C:heterotrimeric G-protein complex; IDA:dictyBase.
DR   GO; GO:0008047; F:enzyme activator activity; TAS:dictyBase.
DR   GO; GO:0031681; F:G-protein beta-subunit binding; IDA:dictyBase.
DR   GO; GO:0031152; P:aggregation involved in sorocarp development; IMP:dictyBase.
DR   GO; GO:0043327; P:chemotaxis to cAMP; IMP:dictyBase.
DR   GO; GO:0007186; P:G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   CDD; cd00068; GGL; 1.
DR   Gene3D; 4.10.260.10; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR015898; G-protein_gamma-like_dom.
DR   InterPro; IPR036284; GGL_sf.
DR   Pfam; PF00631; G-gamma; 1.
DR   SMART; SM00224; GGL; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF48670; SSF48670; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Acetylation; Cell membrane; Chemotaxis; Direct protein sequencing;
KW   Lipoprotein; Membrane; Methylation; Prenylation; Reference proteome;
KW   Sensory transduction; Transducer.
FT   INIT_MET        1
FT                   /note="Removed"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   CHAIN           2..66
FT                   /note="Guanine nucleotide-binding protein subunit gamma"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000315601"
FT   PROPEP          67..69
FT                   /note="Removed in mature form"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000315602"
FT   MOD_RES         2
FT                   /note="N-acetylserine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   MOD_RES         66
FT                   /note="Cysteine methyl ester"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:16135826"
FT   LIPID           66
FT                   /note="S-geranylgeranyl cysteine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:11598203,
FT                   ECO:0000303|PubMed:16135826"
FT   MUTAGEN         66..69
FT                   /note="Missing: Impairs membrane localization and cell
FT                   aggregation."
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11598203"
SQ   SEQUENCE   69 AA;  7679 MW;  35DA2A93DCB24E5F CRC64;
     MSESQLKKVL KENETLKAQL EKSTTILKVS EACESLQDYC TKTSDPFIPG WSGENEWTKP
     LKGNGCSVL