GDF9_BOVIN
ID GDF9_BOVIN Reviewed; 453 AA.
AC Q9GK68;
DT 27-JUN-2006, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-MAR-2001, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 120.
DE RecName: Full=Growth/differentiation factor 9;
DE Short=GDF-9;
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=GDF9;
OS Bos taurus (Bovine).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae;
OC Bovinae; Bos.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9913;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RX PubMed=11918837; DOI=10.1089/152045501300189286;
RA Sendai Y., Itoh T., Yamashita S., Hoshi H.;
RT "Molecular cloning of a cDNA encoding a bovine growth differentiation
RT factor-9 (GDF-9) and expression of GDF-9 in bovine ovarian oocytes and in
RT vitro-produced embryos.";
RL Cloning 3:3-10(2001).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RA Smith T.P.L., Kappes S.M.;
RL Submitted (SEP-2001) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [3]
RP SPECIES-SPECIFIC OVULATION RATE DETERMINATION.
RX PubMed=21970812; DOI=10.1016/j.mce.2011.09.033;
RA Crawford J.L., McNatty K.P.;
RT "The ratio of growth differentiation factor 9: bone morphogenetic protein
RT 15 mRNA expression is tightly co-regulated and differs between species over
RT a wide range of ovulation rates.";
RL Mol. Cell. Endocrinol. 348:339-343(2012).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Required for ovarian folliculogenesis. {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer or heterodimer (Potential). But, in contrast to
CC other members of this family, cannot be disulfide-linked (By
CC similarity). {ECO:0000250, ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- PTM: Phosphorylated; phosphorylation is critical for GDF9 function.
CC {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Ovarian physiology and fertility are controlled by
CC endocrine and paracrine signals. These act in a species-dependent
CC manner and determine the ovulation quota in different mammalian
CC species. While humans, and mammals such as the cow or red deer,
CC normally ovulate only one egg per cycle, other mammals such as mouse
CC and pig can ovulate in excess of ten per cycle. The mechanisms that
CC regulate the species-specific differences in the number of follicles
CC that go onto ovulate during each reproductive cycle are poorly
CC understood. According to PubMed:21970812, mRNA expression levels of
CC GDF9 and BMP15 are tightly coregulated within each species and
CC influence species-specific ovulation-rates.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the TGF-beta family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AB058416; BAB39768.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AF307092; AAG38106.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_777106.1; NM_174681.2.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q9GK68; -.
DR SMR; Q9GK68; -.
DR STRING; 9913.ENSBTAP00000012476; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9GK68; -.
DR PRIDE; Q9GK68; -.
DR Ensembl; ENSBTAT00000012476; ENSBTAP00000012476; ENSBTAG00000009478.
DR GeneID; 282574; -.
DR KEGG; bta:282574; -.
DR CTD; 2661; -.
DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSBTAG00000009478; -.
DR VGNC; VGNC:29306; GDF9.
DR eggNOG; KOG3900; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00940000159784; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_055377_1_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9GK68; -.
DR OMA; CAQHKQA; -.
DR OrthoDB; 724783at2759; -.
DR TreeFam; TF351788; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000009136; Chromosome 7.
DR Bgee; ENSBTAG00000009478; Expressed in oocyte and 79 other tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q9GK68; baseline.
DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0005125; F:cytokine activity; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0008083; F:growth factor activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0070698; F:type I activin receptor binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0030509; P:BMP signaling pathway; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0030308; P:negative regulation of cell growth; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0001555; P:oocyte growth; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0010862; P:positive regulation of pathway-restricted SMAD protein phosphorylation; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0060395; P:SMAD protein signal transduction; IBA:GO_Central.
DR Gene3D; 2.10.90.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR029034; Cystine-knot_cytokine.
DR InterPro; IPR015617; Growth_differentiation_fac-9.
DR InterPro; IPR001839; TGF-b_C.
DR InterPro; IPR015615; TGF-beta-rel.
DR InterPro; IPR017948; TGFb_CS.
DR PANTHER; PTHR11848; PTHR11848; 1.
DR PANTHER; PTHR11848:SF19; PTHR11848:SF19; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00019; TGF_beta; 1.
DR SMART; SM00204; TGFB; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF57501; SSF57501; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00250; TGF_BETA_1; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS51362; TGF_BETA_2; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Cleavage on pair of basic residues; Cytokine; Disulfide bond; Glycoprotein;
KW Growth factor; Phosphoprotein; Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal.
FT SIGNAL 1..25
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT PROPEP 26..318
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT /id="PRO_0000244403"
FT CHAIN 319..453
FT /note="Growth/differentiation factor 9"
FT /id="PRO_0000244404"
FT REGION 281..300
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT CARBOHYD 106
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 163
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 236
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 255
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 269
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 337
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT DISULFID 352..418
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT DISULFID 381..450
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT DISULFID 385..452
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
SQ SEQUENCE 453 AA; 51933 MW; 2A581B89FA144185 CRC64;
MALPNKFFLW FCCFAWLCFP ISLDSQPSRG EAQIVARTAL ESEAETWSLL KHLDGRHRPG
LLSPLLNVLY DGHREPPRLQ PDDRALSYMK RLYKAYATKE GTPKSNRSHL YNTVRLFTPC
AQHKQAPGDQ AAGTLPSVDL LFNLDRVTVV EHLFKSVLLY TFNNSISFPF PVKCICNLVI
KEPEFSSKTL PRAPYSFTFN SQFEFRKKYK WIEIDVTAPL EPLVASHKRN IHMSVNFTCV
KDQLQHPSAR DSLFNMTLLL APSLLLYLND TSAQAFHRWH SLHPKRKPSQ DPDQKRGLSA
CPMGEEAAEG VRLSRHRRDQ ESVSSELKKP LVPASFNLSE YFKQFLFPQN ECELHDFRLS
FSQLKWDNWI VAPHKYNPRY CKGDCPRAVG HRYGSPVHTM VMNIIHEKLD SSVPRPSCVP
AKYSPLSVLA IEPDGSIAYK EYEDMIATKC TCR
