ID   GEMA_BPMU               Reviewed;         183 AA.
AC   Q38494; Q9T1X3;
DT   30-MAY-2000, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-DEC-2000, sequence version 2.
DT   23-FEB-2022, entry version 72.
DE   RecName: Full=GemA protein;
DE   AltName: Full=Gene product 16;
DE            Short=gp16;
GN   Name=gemA; OrderedLocusNames=Mup16;
OS   Escherichia phage Mu (Bacteriophage Mu).
OC   Viruses; Duplodnaviria; Heunggongvirae; Uroviricota; Caudoviricetes;
OC   Caudovirales; Myoviridae; Muvirus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=10677;
OH   NCBI_TaxID=543; Enterobacteriaceae.
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RA   Priess H., Brauer B., Schmidt C., Kamp D.;
RT   "Sequence of the left end of Mu.";
RL   (In) Symonds N., Toussaint A., van de Putte P., Howe M.M. (eds.);
RL   Phage Mu, pp.277-296, Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, New York (1987).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RX   PubMed=11922669; DOI=10.1006/jmbi.2002.5437;
RA   Morgan G.J., Hatfull G.F., Casjens S., Hendrix R.W.;
RT   "Bacteriophage Mu genome sequence: analysis and comparison with Mu-like
RT   prophages in Haemophilus, Neisseria and Deinococcus.";
RL   J. Mol. Biol. 317:337-359(2002).
RN   [3]
RP   INDUCTION.
RX   PubMed=1448611; DOI=10.1016/0923-2508(92)90015-g;
RA   Paolozzi L., Ghelardini P.;
RT   "A case of lysogenic conversion: modification of cell phenotype by
RT   constitutive expression of the Mu gem operon.";
RL   Res. Microbiol. 143:237-243(1992).
RN   [4]
RP   REVIEW.
RX   PubMed=7896136; DOI=10.1007/bf01443429;
RA   Ghelardini P., La Valle R., Paolozzi L.;
RT   "The Mu gem operon: its role in gene expression, recombination and cell
RT   cycle.";
RL   Genetica 94:151-156(1994).
RN   [5]
RP   FUNCTION, AND SUBUNIT.
RX   PubMed=11278077; DOI=10.1016/s0300-9084(00)01214-1;
RA   Abbes C., Joseleau-Petit D., Liebart J.C., D'Ari R., Sezonov G.;
RT   "The GemA protein of phage Mu and the GyrB gyrase subunit of Escherichia
RT   coli: the search for targets and interactions leading to the reversion of
RT   Mu-induced mutations.";
RL   Biochimie 83:261-267(2001).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Early protein responsible for decreasing host DNA gyrase
CC       activity. Promotes DNA relaxation of bacterial host genome. Modulates
CC       the expression of various host genes probably controlled by
CC       supercoiling of their promoters. Host genes affected include DNA
CC       replication and cell division determinants.
CC       {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11278077}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11278077}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cytoplasm {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- INDUCTION: This protein is constitively expressed from the Pgem
CC       promoter unlike most other early proteins which are expressed under the
CC       control of the Pe promoter. Its expression seems to escape repression
CC       by repressor protein c and thus occurs throughout latency (Probable).
CC       {ECO:0000305|PubMed:1448611}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the mulikevirus gemA protein family.
CC       {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC       Sequence=AAA32406.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Extended N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR   EMBL; M64097; AAA32406.1; ALT_INIT; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF083977; AAF01093.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   RefSeq; NP_050620.1; NC_000929.1.
DR   PRIDE; Q38494; -.
DR   GeneID; 2636256; -.
DR   KEGG; vg:2636256; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000002611; Genome.
DR   GO; GO:0030430; C:host cell cytoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0060153; P:modulation by virus of host cell cycle; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   InterPro; IPR009363; Phage_Mu_Gp16.
DR   Pfam; PF06252; DUF1018; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Early protein; Host cytoplasm; Host-virus interaction;
KW   Modulation of host cell cycle by virus; Reference proteome.
FT   CHAIN           1..183
FT                   /note="GemA protein"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000077811"
SQ   SEQUENCE   183 AA;  21089 MW;  CD8278C9CE0B3C3D CRC64;
     MSRTSLIKLI HVARRELQLD DDTYRAFLMQ KTGKISCREL TVTQLEQVLG AMKERGFKKQ
     NKYPRRRFKG HVTPREKVYK IWQQMAEDGF ITDGGDVALD KYVQRLTAKR NGGQGVSTLA
     WCHGDTLLTV LETLKQWHIR CIREAFSRHG LPLPVSPSGR ELRGYDAMTA AYAHARKTRR
     MAQ