GLK2_ARATH
ID GLK2_ARATH Reviewed; 386 AA.
AC Q9FFH0; Q94A45;
DT 03-MAY-2011, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-MAR-2001, sequence version 1.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 147.
DE RecName: Full=Transcription activator GLK2;
DE AltName: Full=GBF'S PRO-RICH REGION-INTERACTING factor 2;
DE AltName: Full=Golden2-like protein 2;
DE Short=AtGLK2;
GN Name=GLK2; Synonyms=GPRI2; OrderedLocusNames=At5g44190; ORFNames=MLN1.11;
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], AND FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=11828027; DOI=10.1093/pcp/pcf011;
RA Tamai H., Iwabuchi M., Meshi T.;
RT "Arabidopsis GARP transcriptional activators interact with the Pro-rich
RT activation domain shared by G-box-binding bZIP factors.";
RL Plant Cell Physiol. 43:99-107(2002).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA], FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY,
RP INDUCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=12220263; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-313x.2002.01390.x;
RA Fitter D.W., Martin D.J., Copley M.J., Scotland R.W., Langdale J.A.;
RT "GLK gene pairs regulate chloroplast development in diverse plant
RT species.";
RL Plant J. 31:713-727(2002).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=9330910; DOI=10.1093/dnares/4.3.215;
RA Sato S., Kotani H., Nakamura Y., Kaneko T., Asamizu E., Fukami M.,
RA Miyajima N., Tabata S.;
RT "Structural analysis of Arabidopsis thaliana chromosome 5. I. Sequence
RT features of the 1.6 Mb regions covered by twenty physically assigned P1
RT clones.";
RL DNA Res. 4:215-230(1997).
RN [4]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=14593172; DOI=10.1126/science.1088305;
RA Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M.,
RA Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G.,
RA Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G., Miranda M., Quach H.L.,
RA Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C.,
RA Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J.,
RA Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A.,
RA Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C.,
RA Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X.,
RA Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M.,
RA Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K.,
RA Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A.,
RA Ecker J.R.;
RT "Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis
RT genome.";
RL Science 302:842-846(2003).
RN [6]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=18643989; DOI=10.1111/j.1365-313x.2008.03616.x;
RA Waters M.T., Moylan E.C., Langdale J.A.;
RT "GLK transcription factors regulate chloroplast development in a cell-
RT autonomous manner.";
RL Plant J. 56:432-444(2008).
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=19383092; DOI=10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02829.x;
RA Bravo-Garcia A., Yasumura Y., Langdale J.A.;
RT "Specialization of the Golden2-like regulatory pathway during land plant
RT evolution.";
RL New Phytol. 183:133-141(2009).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=19376934; DOI=10.1105/tpc.108.065250;
RA Waters M.T., Wang P., Korkaric M., Capper R.G., Saunders N.J.,
RA Langdale J.A.;
RT "GLK transcription factors coordinate expression of the photosynthetic
RT apparatus in Arabidopsis.";
RL Plant Cell 21:1109-1128(2009).
RN [9]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=19726569; DOI=10.1104/pp.109.145987;
RA Kakizaki T., Matsumura H., Nakayama K., Che F.S., Terauchi R., Inaba T.;
RT "Coordination of plastid protein import and nuclear gene expression by
RT plastid-to-nucleus retrograde signaling.";
RL Plant Physiol. 151:1339-1353(2009).
RN [10]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=21214652; DOI=10.1111/j.1365-313x.2010.04449.x;
RA Yu X., Li L., Zola J., Aluru M., Ye H., Foudree A., Guo H., Anderson S.,
RA Aluru S., Liu P., Rodermel S., Yin Y.;
RT "A brassinosteroid transcriptional network revealed by genome-wide
RT identification of BESI target genes in Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Plant J. 65:634-646(2011).
RN [11]
RP FUNCTION, DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE, INTERACTION WITH NAC92, AND SUBCELLULAR
RP LOCATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=23459204; DOI=10.1038/embor.2013.24;
RA Rauf M., Arif M., Dortay H., Matallana-Ramirez L.P., Waters M.T.,
RA Gil Nam H., Lim P.-O., Mueller-Roeber B., Balazadeh S.;
RT "ORE1 balances leaf senescence against maintenance by antagonizing G2-like-
RT mediated transcription.";
RL EMBO Rep. 14:382-388(2013).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Transcriptional activator that functions with GLK1 to promote
CC chloroplast development. Acts as an activator of nuclear photosynthetic
CC genes involved in chlorophyll biosynthesis, light harvesting, and
CC electron transport. Acts in a cell-autonomous manner to coordinate and
CC maintain the photosynthetic apparatus within individual cells. May
CC function in photosynthetic capacity optimization by integrating
CC responses to variable environmental and endogenous cues
CC (PubMed:11828027, PubMed:12220263, PubMed:18643989, PubMed:19376934,
CC PubMed:19383092, PubMed:19726569). Prevents premature senescence
CC (PubMed:23459204). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11828027,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:12220263, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18643989,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:19376934, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19383092,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:19726569, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23459204}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with NAC92. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23459204}.
CC -!- INTERACTION:
CC Q9FFH0; Q9FKA0: NAC92; NbExp=6; IntAct=EBI-6862475, EBI-6862413;
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:23459204}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in cotyledons and rosette and cauline
CC leaves. Expressed at low levels in roots, shoots, flowers and siliques.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12220263}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: By light. Repressed by BZR2. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12220263,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:21214652}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Pale green siliques (PubMed:12220263). Pale-green
CC seedlings in double mutants glk1/glk2 (PubMed:23459204).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12220263, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23459204}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Plants overexpressing GLK2 have a delay in flowering
CC under long days.
CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC Sequence=AAK91403.1; Type=Erroneous termination; Note=Truncated C-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR EMBL; AB062490; BAB78467.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY026773; AAK16744.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY028368; AAK20121.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AB005239; BAB10986.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002688; AED95072.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY050386; AAK91403.1; ALT_SEQ; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY124819; AAM70528.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_199232.1; NM_123786.4.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q9FFH0; -.
DR SMR; Q9FFH0; -.
DR BioGRID; 19692; 16.
DR IntAct; Q9FFH0; 15.
DR MINT; Q9FFH0; -.
DR STRING; 3702.AT5G44190.1; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9FFH0; -.
DR PRIDE; Q9FFH0; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT5G44190.1; AT5G44190.1; AT5G44190.
DR GeneID; 834442; -.
DR Gramene; AT5G44190.1; AT5G44190.1; AT5G44190.
DR KEGG; ath:AT5G44190; -.
DR Araport; AT5G44190; -.
DR TAIR; locus:2167639; AT5G44190.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502QWCV; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_050767_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9FFH0; -.
DR OMA; WRDDEQE; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1174914at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q9FFH0; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q9FFH0; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 5.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q9FFH0; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; Q9FFH0; AT.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0003700; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity; ISS:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0000976; F:transcription cis-regulatory region binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0009658; P:chloroplast organization; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0009910; P:negative regulation of flower development; IGI:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:1900056; P:negative regulation of leaf senescence; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0045893; P:positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0010380; P:regulation of chlorophyll biosynthetic process; IGI:TAIR.
DR InterPro; IPR044825; GLK1/2-like.
DR InterPro; IPR009057; Homeobox-like_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR017930; Myb_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR006447; Myb_dom_plants.
DR PANTHER; PTHR31312; PTHR31312; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00249; Myb_DNA-binding; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF46689; SSF46689; 1.
DR TIGRFAMs; TIGR01557; myb_SHAQKYF; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS51294; HTH_MYB; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW DNA-binding; Nucleus; Reference proteome; Transcription;
KW Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..386
FT /note="Transcription activator GLK2"
FT /id="PRO_0000408386"
FT DNA_BIND 144..203
FT /note="Myb-like GARP"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00625"
FT REGION 78..140
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
SQ SEQUENCE 386 AA; 42167 MW; A61AFE189A98C606 CRC64;
MLTVSPAPVL IGNNSKDTYM AADFADFTTE DLPDFTTVGD FSDDLLDGID YYDDLFIGFD
GDDVLPDLEI DSEILGEYSG SGRDEEQEME GNTSTASETS ERDVGVCKQE GGGGGDGGFR
DKTVRRGKRK GKKSKDCLSD ENDIKKKPKV DWTPELHRKF VQAVEQLGVD KAVPSRILEI
MNVKSLTRHN VASHLQKYRS HRKHLLAREA EAASWNLRRH ATVAVPGVGG GGKKPWTAPA
LGYPPHVAPM HHGHFRPLHV WGHPTWPKHK PNTPASAHRT YPMPAIAAAP ASWPGHPPYW
HQQPLYPQGY GMASSNHSSI GVPTRQLGPT NPPIDIHPSN ESIDAAIGDV ISKPWLPLPL
GLKPPSVDGV MTELQRQGVS NVPPLP
