GLNA2_ORYSJ
ID GLNA2_ORYSJ Reviewed; 428 AA.
AC P14655; A0A0P0WG45; Q0J9E0; Q7XR09; Q8S3P5;
DT 01-APR-1990, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-APR-1990, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 146.
DE RecName: Full=Glutamine synthetase, chloroplastic {ECO:0000305};
DE EC=6.3.1.2 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14656};
DE AltName: Full=Glutamate--ammonia ligase GLN2 {ECO:0000305};
DE Short=OsGLN2 {ECO:0000305};
DE AltName: Full=OsGS2 {ECO:0000305};
DE Short=GS2 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:10949377};
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=GLN2 {ECO:0000305}; Synonyms=RGS31 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:2577497};
GN OrderedLocusNames=Os04g0659100 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:BAF16047.1},
GN LOC_Os04g56400 {ECO:0000305};
GN ORFNames=OsJ_16481 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:EEE61834.1},
GN OSJNBa0011F23.15 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:CAE54574.1},
GN OSJNBa0015K02.2 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:CAE02885.2};
OS Oryza sativa subsp. japonica (Rice).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; BOP clade;
OC Oryzoideae; Oryzeae; Oryzinae; Oryza; Oryza sativa.
OX NCBI_TaxID=39947;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1).
RC STRAIN=cv. Kinmaze; TISSUE=Shoot;
RX PubMed=2577497; DOI=10.1007/bf00027323;
RA Sakamoto A., Ogawa M., Masumura T., Shibata D., Takeba G., Tanaka K.,
RA Fujii S.;
RT "Three cDNA sequences coding for glutamine synthetase polypeptides in Oryza
RT sativa L.";
RL Plant Mol. Biol. 13:611-614(1989).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX PubMed=15232225;
RA Park Y.-J., Dixit A., Yoo J.-W., Bennetzen J.;
RT "Further evidence of microcolinearity between barley and rice genomes at
RT two orthologous regions.";
RL Mol. Cells 17:492-502(2004).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX PubMed=12447439; DOI=10.1038/nature01183;
RA Feng Q., Zhang Y., Hao P., Wang S., Fu G., Huang Y., Li Y., Zhu J., Liu Y.,
RA Hu X., Jia P., Zhang Y., Zhao Q., Ying K., Yu S., Tang Y., Weng Q.,
RA Zhang L., Lu Y., Mu J., Lu Y., Zhang L.S., Yu Z., Fan D., Liu X., Lu T.,
RA Li C., Wu Y., Sun T., Lei H., Li T., Hu H., Guan J., Wu M., Zhang R.,
RA Zhou B., Chen Z., Chen L., Jin Z., Wang R., Yin H., Cai Z., Ren S., Lv G.,
RA Gu W., Zhu G., Tu Y., Jia J., Zhang Y., Chen J., Kang H., Chen X., Shao C.,
RA Sun Y., Hu Q., Zhang X., Zhang W., Wang L., Ding C., Sheng H., Gu J.,
RA Chen S., Ni L., Zhu F., Chen W., Lan L., Lai Y., Cheng Z., Gu M., Jiang J.,
RA Li J., Hong G., Xue Y., Han B.;
RT "Sequence and analysis of rice chromosome 4.";
RL Nature 420:316-320(2002).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX PubMed=16100779; DOI=10.1038/nature03895;
RG International rice genome sequencing project (IRGSP);
RT "The map-based sequence of the rice genome.";
RL Nature 436:793-800(2005).
RN [5]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX PubMed=18089549; DOI=10.1093/nar/gkm978;
RG The rice annotation project (RAP);
RT "The rice annotation project database (RAP-DB): 2008 update.";
RL Nucleic Acids Res. 36:D1028-D1033(2008).
RN [6]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX PubMed=24280374; DOI=10.1186/1939-8433-6-4;
RA Kawahara Y., de la Bastide M., Hamilton J.P., Kanamori H., McCombie W.R.,
RA Ouyang S., Schwartz D.C., Tanaka T., Wu J., Zhou S., Childs K.L.,
RA Davidson R.M., Lin H., Quesada-Ocampo L., Vaillancourt B., Sakai H.,
RA Lee S.S., Kim J., Numa H., Itoh T., Buell C.R., Matsumoto T.;
RT "Improvement of the Oryza sativa Nipponbare reference genome using next
RT generation sequence and optical map data.";
RL Rice 6:4-4(2013).
RN [7]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX PubMed=15685292; DOI=10.1371/journal.pbio.0030038;
RA Yu J., Wang J., Lin W., Li S., Li H., Zhou J., Ni P., Dong W., Hu S.,
RA Zeng C., Zhang J., Zhang Y., Li R., Xu Z., Li S., Li X., Zheng H., Cong L.,
RA Lin L., Yin J., Geng J., Li G., Shi J., Liu J., Lv H., Li J., Wang J.,
RA Deng Y., Ran L., Shi X., Wang X., Wu Q., Li C., Ren X., Wang J., Wang X.,
RA Li D., Liu D., Zhang X., Ji Z., Zhao W., Sun Y., Zhang Z., Bao J., Han Y.,
RA Dong L., Ji J., Chen P., Wu S., Liu J., Xiao Y., Bu D., Tan J., Yang L.,
RA Ye C., Zhang J., Xu J., Zhou Y., Yu Y., Zhang B., Zhuang S., Wei H.,
RA Liu B., Lei M., Yu H., Li Y., Xu H., Wei S., He X., Fang L., Zhang Z.,
RA Zhang Y., Huang X., Su Z., Tong W., Li J., Tong Z., Li S., Ye J., Wang L.,
RA Fang L., Lei T., Chen C.-S., Chen H.-C., Xu Z., Li H., Huang H., Zhang F.,
RA Xu H., Li N., Zhao C., Li S., Dong L., Huang Y., Li L., Xi Y., Qi Q.,
RA Li W., Zhang B., Hu W., Zhang Y., Tian X., Jiao Y., Liang X., Jin J.,
RA Gao L., Zheng W., Hao B., Liu S.-M., Wang W., Yuan L., Cao M.,
RA McDermott J., Samudrala R., Wang J., Wong G.K.-S., Yang H.;
RT "The genomes of Oryza sativa: a history of duplications.";
RL PLoS Biol. 3:266-281(2005).
RN [8]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2).
RC STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare;
RX PubMed=12869764; DOI=10.1126/science.1081288;
RG The rice full-length cDNA consortium;
RT "Collection, mapping, and annotation of over 28,000 cDNA clones from
RT japonica rice.";
RL Science 301:376-379(2003).
RN [9]
RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 49-58.
RC STRAIN=cv. Nipponbare; TISSUE=Leaf;
RX PubMed=14681440; DOI=10.1093/nar/gkh020;
RA Komatsu S., Kojima K., Suzuki K., Ozaki K., Higo K.;
RT "Rice proteome database based on two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel
RT electrophoresis: its status in 2003.";
RL Nucleic Acids Res. 32:D388-D392(2004).
RN [10]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=10949377; DOI=10.1023/a:1006408712416;
RA Hoshida H., Tanaka Y., Hibino T., Hayashi Y., Tanaka A., Takabe T.,
RA Takabe T.;
RT "Enhanced tolerance to salt stress in transgenic rice that overexpresses
RT chloroplast glutamine synthetase.";
RL Plant Mol. Biol. 43:103-111(2000).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Light-modulated chloroplastic glutamine synthetase, encoded
CC by a nuclear gene and expressed primarily in leaves, and which is
CC responsible for the reassimilation of the ammonia generated by
CC photorespiration. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10949377}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=ATP + L-glutamate + NH4(+) = ADP + H(+) + L-glutamine +
CC phosphate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:16169, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:28938, ChEBI:CHEBI:29985, ChEBI:CHEBI:30616,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:43474, ChEBI:CHEBI:58359, ChEBI:CHEBI:456216; EC=6.3.1.2;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14656};
CC PhysiologicalDirection=left-to-right; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:16170;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14656};
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homooctamer. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q02154}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast {ECO:0000255}.
CC -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS:
CC Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=2;
CC Name=1;
CC IsoId=P14655-1; Sequence=Displayed;
CC Name=2;
CC IsoId=P14655-2; Sequence=VSP_018231, VSP_018232;
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Plants overexpressing GLN2 show enhanced
CC photorespiration capacity. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10949377}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glutamine synthetase family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC Sequence=AAL87183.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR EMBL; X14246; CAA32462.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AF480497; AAL87183.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AL606608; CAE02885.2; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AL662953; CAE54574.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AP008210; BAF16047.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AP014960; BAS91430.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AP014960; BAS91431.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CM000141; EEE61834.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AK063706; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; mRNA.
DR PIR; S07471; AJRZQD.
DR RefSeq; XP_015635322.1; XM_015779836.1. [P14655-1]
DR RefSeq; XP_015635323.1; XM_015779837.1.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P14655; -.
DR SMR; P14655; -.
DR STRING; 4530.OS04T0659100-01; -.
DR PaxDb; P14655; -.
DR PRIDE; P14655; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; Os04t0659100-01; Os04t0659100-01; Os04g0659100. [P14655-1]
DR EnsemblPlants; Os04t0659100-02; Os04t0659100-02; Os04g0659100. [P14655-2]
DR EnsemblPlants; Os04t0659100-03; Os04t0659100-03; Os04g0659100. [P14655-1]
DR GeneID; 4337272; -.
DR Gramene; Os04t0659100-01; Os04t0659100-01; Os04g0659100. [P14655-1]
DR Gramene; Os04t0659100-02; Os04t0659100-02; Os04g0659100. [P14655-2]
DR Gramene; Os04t0659100-03; Os04t0659100-03; Os04g0659100. [P14655-1]
DR KEGG; osa:4337272; -.
DR eggNOG; KOG0683; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_036762_4_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; P14655; -.
DR OMA; DRRPNAN; -.
DR OrthoDB; 784869at2759; -.
DR BRENDA; 6.3.1.2; 4460.
DR PlantReactome; R-OSA-1119293; Glutamine biosynthesis I.
DR PlantReactome; R-OSA-1119443; Ammonia assimilation cycle.
DR Proteomes; UP000000763; Chromosome 4.
DR Proteomes; UP000007752; Chromosome 4.
DR Proteomes; UP000059680; Chromosome 4.
DR ExpressionAtlas; P14655; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; P14655; OS.
DR GO; GO:0009507; C:chloroplast; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0005739; C:mitochondrion; IEA:EnsemblPlants.
DR GO; GO:0005524; F:ATP binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0004356; F:glutamate-ammonia ligase activity; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0003729; F:mRNA binding; IEA:EnsemblPlants.
DR GO; GO:0006542; P:glutamine biosynthetic process; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0046686; P:response to cadmium ion; IEA:EnsemblPlants.
DR Gene3D; 3.10.20.70; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR008147; Gln_synt_b-grasp.
DR InterPro; IPR036651; Gln_synt_N.
DR InterPro; IPR014746; Gln_synth/guanido_kin_cat_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR008146; Gln_synth_cat_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR027303; Gln_synth_gly_rich_site.
DR InterPro; IPR027302; Gln_synth_N_conserv_site.
DR Pfam; PF00120; Gln-synt_C; 1.
DR Pfam; PF03951; Gln-synt_N; 1.
DR SMART; SM01230; Gln-synt_C; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF54368; SSF54368; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF55931; SSF55931; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00180; GLNA_1; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00181; GLNA_ATP; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS51986; GS_BETA_GRASP; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS51987; GS_CATALYTIC; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Alternative splicing; ATP-binding; Chloroplast; Direct protein sequencing;
KW Ligase; Nucleotide-binding; Plastid; Reference proteome; Transit peptide.
FT TRANSIT 1..48
FT /note="Chloroplast"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14681440"
FT CHAIN 49..428
FT /note="Glutamine synthetase, chloroplastic"
FT /id="PRO_0000011181"
FT DOMAIN 75..155
FT /note="GS beta-grasp"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01330"
FT DOMAIN 159..428
FT /note="GS catalytic"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01331"
FT REGION 95..120
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT VAR_SEQ 309..322
FT /note="STKSMREDGGFEVI -> RFHYLLLMLKYPAA (in isoform 2)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:12869764"
FT /id="VSP_018231"
FT VAR_SEQ 323..428
FT /note="Missing (in isoform 2)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:12869764"
FT /id="VSP_018232"
SQ SEQUENCE 428 AA; 46643 MW; DFF1B39BFC5921FE CRC64;
MAQAVVPAMQ CQVGAVRARP AAAAAAAGGR VWGVRRTGRG TSGFRVMAVS TETTGVVTRM
EQLLNMDTTP FTDKIIAEYI WVGGTGIDLR SKSRTISKPV EDPSELPKWN YDGSSTGQAP
GEDSEVILYP QAIFKDPFRG GNNILVMCDT YTPAGEPIPT NKRNRAAQVF SDPKVVSQVP
WFGIEQEYTL LQRDVNWPLG WPVGGYPGPQ GPYYCAVGSD KSFGRDISDA HYKACLYAGI
NISGTNGEVM PGQWEYQVGP SVGIEAGDHI WISRYILERI TEQAGVVLTL DPKPIQGDWN
GAGCHTNYST KSMREDGGFE VIKKAILNLS LRHDLHISAY GEGNERRLTG LHETASIDNF
SWGVANRGCS IRVGRDTEAK GKGYLEDRRP ASNMDPYVVT ALLAETTILW EPTLEAEVLA
AKKLALKV
