GOLS4_ARATH
ID GOLS4_ARATH Reviewed; 334 AA.
AC O22693; Q0WU85;
DT 05-SEP-2012, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-JAN-1998, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 129.
DE RecName: Full=Galactinol synthase 4;
DE Short=AtGolS4;
DE Short=GolS-4;
DE EC=2.4.1.123;
GN Name=GOLS4; OrderedLocusNames=At1g60470; ORFNames=F8A5.2;
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=11130712; DOI=10.1038/35048500;
RA Theologis A., Ecker J.R., Palm C.J., Federspiel N.A., Kaul S., White O.,
RA Alonso J., Altafi H., Araujo R., Bowman C.L., Brooks S.Y., Buehler E.,
RA Chan A., Chao Q., Chen H., Cheuk R.F., Chin C.W., Chung M.K., Conn L.,
RA Conway A.B., Conway A.R., Creasy T.H., Dewar K., Dunn P., Etgu P.,
RA Feldblyum T.V., Feng J.-D., Fong B., Fujii C.Y., Gill J.E., Goldsmith A.D.,
RA Haas B., Hansen N.F., Hughes B., Huizar L., Hunter J.L., Jenkins J.,
RA Johnson-Hopson C., Khan S., Khaykin E., Kim C.J., Koo H.L.,
RA Kremenetskaia I., Kurtz D.B., Kwan A., Lam B., Langin-Hooper S., Lee A.,
RA Lee J.M., Lenz C.A., Li J.H., Li Y.-P., Lin X., Liu S.X., Liu Z.A.,
RA Luros J.S., Maiti R., Marziali A., Militscher J., Miranda M., Nguyen M.,
RA Nierman W.C., Osborne B.I., Pai G., Peterson J., Pham P.K., Rizzo M.,
RA Rooney T., Rowley D., Sakano H., Salzberg S.L., Schwartz J.R., Shinn P.,
RA Southwick A.M., Sun H., Tallon L.J., Tambunga G., Toriumi M.J., Town C.D.,
RA Utterback T., Van Aken S., Vaysberg M., Vysotskaia V.S., Walker M., Wu D.,
RA Yu G., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C., Davis R.W.;
RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 1 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Nature 408:816-820(2000).
RN [2]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RA Kim C.J., Chen H., Cheuk R.F., Shinn P., Ecker J.R.;
RT "Arabidopsis ORF clones.";
RL Submitted (MAY-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RA Totoki Y., Seki M., Ishida J., Nakajima M., Enju A., Kamiya A.,
RA Narusaka M., Shin-i T., Nakagawa M., Sakamoto N., Oishi K., Kohara Y.,
RA Kobayashi M., Toyoda A., Sakaki Y., Sakurai T., Iida K., Akiyama K.,
RA Satou M., Toyoda T., Konagaya A., Carninci P., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y.,
RA Shinozaki K.;
RT "Large-scale analysis of RIKEN Arabidopsis full-length (RAFL) cDNAs.";
RL Submitted (JUL-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [5]
RP GENE FAMILY.
RX PubMed=11846875; DOI=10.1046/j.0960-7412.2001.01227.x;
RA Taji T., Ohsumi C., Iuchi S., Seki M., Kasuga M., Kobayashi M.,
RA Yamaguchi-Shinozaki K., Shinozaki K.;
RT "Important roles of drought- and cold-inducible genes for galactinol
RT synthase in stress tolerance in Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Plant J. 29:417-426(2002).
RN [6]
RP INDUCTION BY METHYLVIOLOGEN, GENE FAMILY, AND NOMENCLATURE.
RX PubMed=18502973; DOI=10.1104/pp.108.122465;
RA Nishizawa A., Yabuta Y., Shigeoka S.;
RT "Galactinol and raffinose constitute a novel function to protect plants
RT from oxidative damage.";
RL Plant Physiol. 147:1251-1263(2008).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Galactinol synthase involved in the biosynthesis of raffinose
CC family oligosaccharides (RFOs) that function as osmoprotectants. May
CC promote plant stress tolerance (By similarity). {ECO:0000250}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=myo-inositol + UDP-alpha-D-galactose = alpha-D-galactosyl-
CC (1->3)-1D-myo-inositol + H(+) + UDP; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:12464,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:17268, ChEBI:CHEBI:17505,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:58223, ChEBI:CHEBI:66914; EC=2.4.1.123;
CC -!- COFACTOR:
CC Name=a divalent metal cation; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:60240;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250};
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: By methylviologen (MV), a superoxide radical generating
CC drug. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18502973}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the glycosyltransferase 8 family.
CC Galactosyltransferase subfamily. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AC002292; AAB71970.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002684; AEE33692.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; BT023412; AAY56403.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AK227297; BAE99313.1; -; mRNA.
DR PIR; H96629; H96629.
DR RefSeq; NP_176250.1; NM_104734.4.
DR AlphaFoldDB; O22693; -.
DR SMR; O22693; -.
DR STRING; 3702.AT1G60470.1; -.
DR CAZy; GT8; Glycosyltransferase Family 8.
DR PaxDb; O22693; -.
DR PRIDE; O22693; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 248454; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT1G60470.1; AT1G60470.1; AT1G60470.
DR GeneID; 842342; -.
DR Gramene; AT1G60470.1; AT1G60470.1; AT1G60470.
DR KEGG; ath:AT1G60470; -.
DR Araport; AT1G60470; -.
DR TAIR; locus:2036576; AT1G60470.
DR eggNOG; KOG1950; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_049943_3_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; O22693; -.
DR OMA; WIPANCG; -.
DR OrthoDB; 818680at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; O22693; -.
DR PRO; PR:O22693; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 1.
DR ExpressionAtlas; O22693; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; O22693; AT.
DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0016757; F:glycosyltransferase activity; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0047216; F:inositol 3-alpha-galactosyltransferase activity; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0046872; F:metal ion binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0006012; P:galactose metabolic process; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0006979; P:response to oxidative stress; IEP:TAIR.
DR Gene3D; 3.90.550.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR002495; Glyco_trans_8.
DR InterPro; IPR030515; GOLS.
DR InterPro; IPR029044; Nucleotide-diphossugar_trans.
DR PANTHER; PTHR11183:SF106; PTHR11183:SF106; 1.
DR Pfam; PF01501; Glyco_transf_8; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF53448; SSF53448; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Carbohydrate metabolism; Cytoplasm; Galactose metabolism;
KW Glycosyltransferase; Manganese; Metal-binding; Reference proteome;
KW Transferase.
FT CHAIN 1..334
FT /note="Galactinol synthase 4"
FT /id="PRO_0000418660"
FT ACT_SITE 104
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT BINDING 120
FT /ligand="Mn(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29035"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT BINDING 122
FT /ligand="Mn(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29035"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT BINDING 258
FT /ligand="Mn(2+)"
FT /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:29035"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT CONFLICT 87
FT /note="P -> Q (in Ref. 4; BAE99313)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 334 AA; 38511 MW; 591D3D441F01FA75 CRC64;
MAPEISVNPM YLSEKAHQAP PRRAYVTFLA GNGDYVKGVV GLAKGLRKVK SAYPLVVAML
PDVPEEHREI LRSQGCVVRE IEPVYPPDNQ VEFAMAYYVL NYSKLRIWNF EEYSKMIYLD
ADIQVFDNID HLFDLSDAYF YAVMDCFCEK TWSHSLQYSI GYCQQCPEKV TWPEDMESPP
PPLYFNAGMF VFEPSPLTYE SLLQTLEITP PSPFAEQDFL NMFFEKVYKP IPLVYNLVLA
MLWRHPENVE LEKVKVVHYC AAGSKPWRYT GEEANMDRED IKMLVDKWWD VYNDESLDFK
SKIPADAEET VTKSSILASV LEPEMTYFPA PSAA
