AMS_ARATH
ID AMS_ARATH Reviewed; 571 AA.
AC Q9ZVX2;
DT 16-DEC-2008, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 16-DEC-2008, sequence version 2.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 129.
DE RecName: Full=Transcription factor ABORTED MICROSPORES;
DE AltName: Full=Basic helix-loop-helix protein 21;
DE Short=AtbHLH21;
DE Short=bHLH 21;
DE AltName: Full=Transcription factor EN 48;
DE AltName: Full=bHLH transcription factor bHLH021;
GN Name=AMS; Synonyms=BHLH21, EN48; OrderedLocusNames=At2g16910;
GN ORFNames=F12A24.9;
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=10617197; DOI=10.1038/45471;
RA Lin X., Kaul S., Rounsley S.D., Shea T.P., Benito M.-I., Town C.D.,
RA Fujii C.Y., Mason T.M., Bowman C.L., Barnstead M.E., Feldblyum T.V.,
RA Buell C.R., Ketchum K.A., Lee J.J., Ronning C.M., Koo H.L., Moffat K.S.,
RA Cronin L.A., Shen M., Pai G., Van Aken S., Umayam L., Tallon L.J.,
RA Gill J.E., Adams M.D., Carrera A.J., Creasy T.H., Goodman H.M.,
RA Somerville C.R., Copenhaver G.P., Preuss D., Nierman W.C., White O.,
RA Eisen J.A., Salzberg S.L., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C.;
RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 2 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Nature 402:761-768(1999).
RN [2]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 326-571, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, GENE FAMILY, AND
RP NOMENCLATURE.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=12679534; DOI=10.1093/molbev/msg088;
RA Heim M.A., Jakoby M., Werber M., Martin C., Weisshaar B., Bailey P.C.;
RT "The basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor family in plants: a
RT genome-wide study of protein structure and functional diversity.";
RL Mol. Biol. Evol. 20:735-747(2003).
RN [4]
RP GENE FAMILY.
RX PubMed=12897250; DOI=10.1105/tpc.013839;
RA Toledo-Ortiz G., Huq E., Quail P.H.;
RT "The Arabidopsis basic/helix-loop-helix transcription factor family.";
RL Plant Cell 15:1749-1770(2003).
RN [5]
RP GENE FAMILY, AND NOMENCLATURE.
RX PubMed=14600211; DOI=10.1105/tpc.151140;
RA Bailey P.C., Martin C., Toledo-Ortiz G., Quail P.H., Huq E., Heim M.A.,
RA Jakoby M., Werber M., Weisshaar B.;
RT "Update on the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor gene family in
RT Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Plant Cell 15:2497-2502(2003).
RN [6]
RP FUNCTION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, AND TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
RX PubMed=12535353; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-313x.2003.01644.x;
RA Sorensen A.-M., Kroeber S., Unte U.S., Huijser P., Dekker K., Saedler H.;
RT "The Arabidopsis ABORTED MICROSPORES (AMS) gene encodes a MYC class
RT transcription factor.";
RL Plant J. 33:413-423(2003).
RN [7]
RP INTERACTION WITH ASHR3.
RX PubMed=17978851; DOI=10.1007/s11103-007-9251-y;
RA Thorstensen T., Grini P.E., Mercy I.S., Alm V., Erdal S., Aasland R.,
RA Aalen R.B.;
RT "The Arabidopsis SET-domain protein ASHR3 is involved in stamen development
RT and interacts with the bHLH transcription factor ABORTED MICROSPORES
RT (AMS).";
RL Plant Mol. Biol. 66:47-59(2008).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=24804694; DOI=10.1038/ncomms4855;
RA Lou Y., Xu X.F., Zhu J., Gu J.N., Blackmore S., Yang Z.N.;
RT "The tapetal AHL family protein TEK determines nexine formation in the
RT pollen wall.";
RL Nat. Commun. 5:3855-3855(2014).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Transcription factor. Plays a crucial role in tapetum
CC development. Required for male fertility and pollen differentiation,
CC especially during the post-meiotic transcriptional regulation of
CC microspore development within the developing anther (PubMed:12535353).
CC Binds E-box regions in the AHL16/TEK promoter.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12535353, ECO:0000269|PubMed:24804694}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer (Probable). Interacts with ASHR3.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:17978851, ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00981}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Mostly expressed in closed, post-meiotic buds, and,
CC to a lower extent, in pre-meiotic buds. Detected in leaves, stems, and
CC flowers. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12535353, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12679534}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: First observed a bud stage of 0.6-mm, shortly
CC after microspore release from the postmeiotic tetrads. Later restricted
CC within the tapetum, microspores and anther locule. Still visible within
CC the haploid nuclei, each of which had migrated to the pollen cell wall
CC prior to pollen mitosis I. Not expressed later.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12535353}.
CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC Sequence=AAC64222.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR EMBL; AC005167; AAC64222.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002685; AEC06553.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF488565; -; NOT_ANNOTATED_CDS; mRNA.
DR PIR; G84545; G84545.
DR RefSeq; NP_179283.2; NM_127244.4.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q9ZVX2; -.
DR SMR; Q9ZVX2; -.
DR BioGRID; 1551; 3.
DR STRING; 3702.AT2G16910.1; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9ZVX2; -.
DR PRIDE; Q9ZVX2; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 245019; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT2G16910.1; AT2G16910.1; AT2G16910.
DR GeneID; 816194; -.
DR Gramene; AT2G16910.1; AT2G16910.1; AT2G16910.
DR KEGG; ath:AT2G16910; -.
DR Araport; AT2G16910; -.
DR TAIR; locus:2039445; AT2G16910.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502QQUB; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_037477_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9ZVX2; -.
DR OMA; NEFFIKV; -.
DR OrthoDB; 922298at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q9ZVX2; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q9ZVX2; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 2.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q9ZVX2; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; Q9ZVX2; AT.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0003682; F:chromatin binding; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0003700; F:DNA-binding transcription factor activity; ISS:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0046983; F:protein dimerization activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0000978; F:RNA polymerase II cis-regulatory region sequence-specific DNA binding; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0043565; F:sequence-specific DNA binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0048658; P:anther wall tapetum development; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0009555; P:pollen development; IMP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0006355; P:regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; IBA:GO_Central.
DR Gene3D; 4.10.280.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR011598; bHLH_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR036638; HLH_DNA-bd_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR025610; MYC/MYB_N.
DR Pfam; PF14215; bHLH-MYC_N; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00010; HLH; 1.
DR SMART; SM00353; HLH; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF47459; SSF47459; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50888; BHLH; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Developmental protein; DNA-binding; Nucleus; Reference proteome;
KW Transcription; Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..571
FT /note="Transcription factor ABORTED MICROSPORES"
FT /id="PRO_0000358840"
FT DOMAIN 310..359
FT /note="bHLH"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00981"
FT REGION 275..321
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 365..390
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 536..571
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 536..554
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 555..571
FT /note="Basic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT CONFLICT 477
FT /note="S -> G (in Ref. 3; AF488565)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 525
FT /note="N -> D (in Ref. 3; AF488565)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 542
FT /note="N -> S (in Ref. 3; AF488565)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 571 AA; 64879 MW; 886B90F61AFB3117 CRC64;
MESNMQNLLE KLRPLVGARA WDYCVLWRLN EDQRFVKWMG CCCGGTELIA ENGTEEFSYG
GCRDVMFHHP RTKSCEFLSH LPASIPLDSG IYAETLLTNQ TGWLSESSEP SFMQETICTR
VLIPIPGGLV ELFATRHVAE DQNVVDFVMG HCNMLMDDSV TINMMVADEV ESKPYGMLSG
DIQQKGSKEE DMMNLPSSYD ISADQIRLNF LPQMSDYETQ HLKMKSDYHH QALGYLPENG
NKEMMGMNPF NTVEEDGIPV IGEPSLLVNE QQVVNDKDMN ENGRVDSGSD CSDQIDDEDD
PKYKKKSGKG SQAKNLMAER RRRKKLNDRL YALRSLVPRI TKLDRASILG DAINYVKELQ
NEAKELQDEL EENSETEDGS NRPQGGMSLN GTVVTGFHPG LSCNSNVPSV KQDVDLENSN
DKGQEMEPQV DVAQLDGREF FVKVICEYKP GGFTRLMEAL DSLGLEVTNA NTTRYLSLVS
NVFKVEKNDN EMVQAEHVRN SLLEITRNTS RGWQDDQMAT GSMQNEKNEV DYQHYDDHQH
HNGHHHPFDH QMNQSAHHHH HHQHINHYHN Q
