ID   H2B4_MAIZE              Reviewed;         137 AA.
AC   P49120;
DT   01-FEB-1996, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   23-JAN-2007, sequence version 3.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 122.
DE   RecName: Full=Histone H2B.4;
OS   Zea mays (Maize).
OC   Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC   Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; Liliopsida; Poales; Poaceae; PACMAD clade;
OC   Panicoideae; Andropogonodae; Andropogoneae; Tripsacinae; Zea.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=4577;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RC   STRAIN=cv. Wisconsin 22;
RA   Joanin P., Gigot C., Phillipps G.;
RT   "Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of two genes encoding two histone
RT   H2B variants of maize.";
RL   Physiol. Veg. 32:693-696(1994).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Core component of nucleosome. Nucleosomes wrap and compact
CC       DNA into chromatin, limiting DNA accessibility to the cellular
CC       machineries which require DNA as a template. Histones thereby play a
CC       central role in transcription regulation, DNA repair, DNA replication
CC       and chromosomal stability. DNA accessibility is regulated via a complex
CC       set of post-translational modifications of histones, also called
CC       histone code, and nucleosome remodeling.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: The nucleosome is a histone octamer containing two molecules
CC       each of H2A, H2B, H3 and H4 assembled in one H3-H4 heterotetramer and
CC       two H2A-H2B heterodimers. The octamer wraps approximately 147 bp of
CC       DNA.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Chromosome.
CC   -!- PTM: Can be acetylated to form H2BK6ac and H2BK33ac. {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- PTM: Monoubiquitinated to form H2BK143ub1; may give a specific tag for
CC       epigenetic transcriptional activation. {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the histone H2B family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- CAUTION: To ensure consistency between histone entries, we follow the
CC       'Brno' nomenclature for histone modifications, with positions referring
CC       to those used in the literature for the 'closest' model organism. Due
CC       to slight variations in histone sequences between organisms and to the
CC       presence of initiator methionine in UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot sequences, the
CC       actual positions of modified amino acids in the sequence generally
CC       differ. In this entry the following conventions are used: H2BK6ac =
CC       acetylated Lys-7; H2BK33ac = acetylated Lys-27; H2BK143ub1 =
CC       monoubiquitinated Lys-133. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; X69961; CAA49585.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   PIR; T02035; T02035.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001141398.1; NM_001147926.1.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P49120; -.
DR   SMR; P49120; -.
DR   STRING; 4577.GRMZM2G306258_P01; -.
DR   PaxDb; P49120; -.
DR   EnsemblPlants; Zm00001eb148540_T001; Zm00001eb148540_P001; Zm00001eb148540.
DR   GeneID; 100273491; -.
DR   Gramene; Zm00001eb148540_T001; Zm00001eb148540_P001; Zm00001eb148540.
DR   KEGG; zma:100273491; -.
DR   MaizeGDB; 65109; -.
DR   eggNOG; KOG1744; Eukaryota.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_075666_1_0_1; -.
DR   OMA; QTILCHY; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 1536672at2759; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000007305; Chromosome 3.
DR   ExpressionAtlas; P49120; differential.
DR   Genevisible; P49120; ZM.
DR   GO; GO:0000786; C:nucleosome; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR   GO; GO:0003677; F:DNA binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0046982; F:protein heterodimerization activity; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0030527; F:structural constituent of chromatin; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0006334; P:nucleosome assembly; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   Gene3D; 1.10.20.10; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR009072; Histone-fold.
DR   InterPro; IPR007125; Histone_H2A/H2B/H3.
DR   InterPro; IPR000558; Histone_H2B.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR23428; PTHR23428; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF00125; Histone; 1.
DR   PRINTS; PR00621; HISTONEH2B.
DR   SMART; SM00427; H2B; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF47113; SSF47113; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00357; HISTONE_H2B; 1.
PE   3: Inferred from homology;
KW   Acetylation; Chromosome; DNA-binding; Isopeptide bond; Nucleosome core;
KW   Nucleus; Reference proteome; Ubl conjugation.
FT   INIT_MET        1
FT                   /note="Removed"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   CHAIN           2..137
FT                   /note="Histone H2B.4"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000071918"
FT   REGION          1..45
FT                   /note="Disordered"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT   MOD_RES         7
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   MOD_RES         27
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   CROSSLNK        133
FT                   /note="Glycyl lysine isopeptide (Lys-Gly) (interchain with
FT                   G-Cter in ubiquitin)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
SQ   SEQUENCE   137 AA;  15183 MW;  E15246B1444CECEA CRC64;
     MAPKAEKKPA EKKPTEEKAE KKPRAEKRVP GKEGGEKKGK KKAKKSVETY KIYIFKVLKQ
     VHPDIGISSK AMSIMNSFIN DIFEKLAAEA AKLARYNKKP TITSREIQTS VRLVLPGELA
     KHAVSEGTKA VTKFTSS