ANTR2_ARATH
ID ANTR2_ARATH Reviewed; 541 AA.
AC Q8GX78; O23065;
DT 29-APR-2008, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-MAR-2003, sequence version 1.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 123.
DE RecName: Full=Ascorbate transporter, chloroplastic {ECO:0000303|PubMed:25557369};
DE AltName: Full=Phosphate transporter PHT4;4;
DE Short=AtPHT4;4;
DE AltName: Full=Probable anion transporter 2;
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=PHT4;4; Synonyms=ANTR2; OrderedLocusNames=At4g00370;
GN ORFNames=A_IG005I10_nn, F5I10.7;
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=10617198; DOI=10.1038/47134;
RA Mayer K.F.X., Schueller C., Wambutt R., Murphy G., Volckaert G., Pohl T.,
RA Duesterhoeft A., Stiekema W., Entian K.-D., Terryn N., Harris B.,
RA Ansorge W., Brandt P., Grivell L.A., Rieger M., Weichselgartner M.,
RA de Simone V., Obermaier B., Mache R., Mueller M., Kreis M., Delseny M.,
RA Puigdomenech P., Watson M., Schmidtheini T., Reichert B., Portetelle D.,
RA Perez-Alonso M., Boutry M., Bancroft I., Vos P., Hoheisel J.,
RA Zimmermann W., Wedler H., Ridley P., Langham S.-A., McCullagh B.,
RA Bilham L., Robben J., van der Schueren J., Grymonprez B., Chuang Y.-J.,
RA Vandenbussche F., Braeken M., Weltjens I., Voet M., Bastiaens I., Aert R.,
RA Defoor E., Weitzenegger T., Bothe G., Ramsperger U., Hilbert H., Braun M.,
RA Holzer E., Brandt A., Peters S., van Staveren M., Dirkse W., Mooijman P.,
RA Klein Lankhorst R., Rose M., Hauf J., Koetter P., Berneiser S., Hempel S.,
RA Feldpausch M., Lamberth S., Van den Daele H., De Keyser A., Buysshaert C.,
RA Gielen J., Villarroel R., De Clercq R., van Montagu M., Rogers J.,
RA Cronin A., Quail M.A., Bray-Allen S., Clark L., Doggett J., Hall S.,
RA Kay M., Lennard N., McLay K., Mayes R., Pettett A., Rajandream M.A.,
RA Lyne M., Benes V., Rechmann S., Borkova D., Bloecker H., Scharfe M.,
RA Grimm M., Loehnert T.-H., Dose S., de Haan M., Maarse A.C., Schaefer M.,
RA Mueller-Auer S., Gabel C., Fuchs M., Fartmann B., Granderath K., Dauner D.,
RA Herzl A., Neumann S., Argiriou A., Vitale D., Liguori R., Piravandi E.,
RA Massenet O., Quigley F., Clabauld G., Muendlein A., Felber R., Schnabl S.,
RA Hiller R., Schmidt W., Lecharny A., Aubourg S., Chefdor F., Cooke R.,
RA Berger C., Monfort A., Casacuberta E., Gibbons T., Weber N., Vandenbol M.,
RA Bargues M., Terol J., Torres A., Perez-Perez A., Purnelle B., Bent E.,
RA Johnson S., Tacon D., Jesse T., Heijnen L., Schwarz S., Scholler P.,
RA Heber S., Francs P., Bielke C., Frishman D., Haase D., Lemcke K.,
RA Mewes H.-W., Stocker S., Zaccaria P., Bevan M., Wilson R.K.,
RA de la Bastide M., Habermann K., Parnell L., Dedhia N., Gnoj L., Schutz K.,
RA Huang E., Spiegel L., Sekhon M., Murray J., Sheet P., Cordes M.,
RA Abu-Threideh J., Stoneking T., Kalicki J., Graves T., Harmon G.,
RA Edwards J., Latreille P., Courtney L., Cloud J., Abbott A., Scott K.,
RA Johnson D., Minx P., Bentley D., Fulton B., Miller N., Greco T., Kemp K.,
RA Kramer J., Fulton L., Mardis E., Dante M., Pepin K., Hillier L.W.,
RA Nelson J., Spieth J., Ryan E., Andrews S., Geisel C., Layman D., Du H.,
RA Ali J., Berghoff A., Jones K., Drone K., Cotton M., Joshu C., Antonoiu B.,
RA Zidanic M., Strong C., Sun H., Lamar B., Yordan C., Ma P., Zhong J.,
RA Preston R., Vil D., Shekher M., Matero A., Shah R., Swaby I.K.,
RA O'Shaughnessy A., Rodriguez M., Hoffman J., Till S., Granat S., Shohdy N.,
RA Hasegawa A., Hameed A., Lodhi M., Johnson A., Chen E., Marra M.A.,
RA Martienssen R., McCombie W.R.;
RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Nature 402:769-777(1999).
RN [2]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=11910074; DOI=10.1126/science.1071006;
RA Seki M., Narusaka M., Kamiya A., Ishida J., Satou M., Sakurai T.,
RA Nakajima M., Enju A., Akiyama K., Oono Y., Muramatsu M., Hayashizaki Y.,
RA Kawai J., Carninci P., Itoh M., Ishii Y., Arakawa T., Shibata K.,
RA Shinagawa A., Shinozaki K.;
RT "Functional annotation of a full-length Arabidopsis cDNA collection.";
RL Science 296:141-145(2002).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=14593172; DOI=10.1126/science.1088305;
RA Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M.,
RA Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G.,
RA Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G., Miranda M., Quach H.L.,
RA Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C.,
RA Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J.,
RA Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A.,
RA Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C.,
RA Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X.,
RA Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M.,
RA Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K.,
RA Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A.,
RA Ecker J.R.;
RT "Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis
RT genome.";
RL Science 302:842-846(2003).
RN [5]
RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, GENE FAMILY,
RP AND NOMENCLATURE.
RX PubMed=14564522; DOI=10.1007/s00425-003-1121-5;
RA Roth C., Menzel G., Petetot J.M., Rochat-Hacker S., Poirier Y.;
RT "Characterization of a protein of the plastid inner envelope having
RT homology to animal inorganic phosphate, chloride and organic-anion
RT transporters.";
RL Planta 218:406-416(2004).
RN [6]
RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX PubMed=18353780; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m709371200;
RA Pavon L.R., Lundh F., Lundin B., Mishra A., Persson B.L., Spetea C.;
RT "Arabidopsis ANTR1 is a thylakoid Na+-dependent phosphate transporter:
RT functional characterization in Escherichia coli.";
RL J. Biol. Chem. 283:13520-13527(2008).
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=18086223; DOI=10.1111/j.1469-8137.2007.02331.x;
RA Guo B., Jin Y., Wussler C., Blancaflor E.B., Motes C.M., Versaw W.K.;
RT "Functional analysis of the Arabidopsis PHT4 family of intracellular
RT phosphate transporters.";
RL New Phytol. 177:889-898(2008).
RN [8]
RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=19513231; DOI=10.4161/psb.3.10.6666;
RA Guo B., Irigoyen S., Fowler T.B., Versaw W.K.;
RT "Differential expression and phylogenetic analysis suggest specialization
RT of plastid-localized members of the PHT4 phosphate transporter family for
RT photosynthetic and heterotrophic tissues.";
RL Plant Signal. Behav. 3:784-790(2008).
RN [9]
RP FUNCTION, BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, ACTIVITY REGULATION, TISSUE
RP SPECIFICITY, INDUCTION BY LIGHT, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND DISRUPTION
RP PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=25557369; DOI=10.1038/ncomms6928;
RA Miyaji T., Kuromori T., Takeuchi Y., Yamaji N., Yokosho K., Shimazawa A.,
RA Sugimoto E., Omote H., Ma J.F., Shinozaki K., Moriyama Y.;
RT "AtPHT4;4 is a chloroplast-localized ascorbate transporter in
RT Arabidopsis.";
RL Nat. Commun. 6:5928-5928(2015).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Inorganic phosphate and probable anion transporter
CC (PubMed:18086223). Ascorbate transporter bridging the chloroplast
CC envelope. Transports ascorbate from the cytosol into the chloroplast.
CC Requires chloride ions and the presence of an electrochemical potential
CC across the membrane for activity (PubMed:25557369).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18086223, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25557369}.
CC -!- ACTIVITY REGULATION: Insensitive to dehydroascorbate, p-isoascorbate,
CC inorganic phosphate, glutamate, ATP, p-aminohippuric acid or
CC tetraethylammonium. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25557369}.
CC -!- BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
CC Kinetic parameters:
CC KM=1.2 mM for ascorbate {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25557369};
CC Vmax=520 nmol/min/mg enzyme {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25557369};
CC Note=Ascorbate uptake shows an absolute requirement for Cl(-).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25557369};
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Plastid, chloroplast inner membrane
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14564522, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18353780,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:25557369}; Multi-pass membrane protein
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14564522, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18353780}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Expressed in stems, developing siliques, leaf
CC mesophyll cells and sepals of mature flowers. Not detected in roots.
CC Detected in palisade tissue rather than spongy tissue from the leaves
CC (PubMed:25557369). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14564522,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:19513231, ECO:0000269|PubMed:25557369}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed in the developing embryo at the
CC upturned-U stage. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:14564522}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Expressed with a circadian rhythm showing a peak during the
CC middle of the day (under long day conditions) (PubMed:19513231). Up-
CC regulated by light (PubMed:25557369). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:19513231,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:25557369}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: No visible phenotype, but decreased reduced
CC ascorbate content in leaves and decreased xanthophyll cycle for heat
CC dissipation of excessive energy in photosynthesis.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:25557369}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the major facilitator superfamily. Sodium/anion
CC cotransporter (TC 2.A.1.14) family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC Sequence=AAB62846.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
CC Sequence=AAF02804.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
CC Sequence=CAB80795.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
CC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms
CC Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License
CC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DR EMBL; AF013293; AAB62846.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF195115; AAF02804.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AL161471; CAB80795.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002687; AEE81870.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AK118390; BAC43000.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; BT009663; AAP78931.1; -; mRNA.
DR PIR; T01534; T01534.
DR RefSeq; NP_567175.2; NM_116261.4.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q8GX78; -.
DR SMR; Q8GX78; -.
DR BioGRID; 13199; 4.
DR IntAct; Q8GX78; 5.
DR STRING; 3702.AT4G00370.1; -.
DR TCDB; 2.A.1.14.45; the major facilitator superfamily (mfs).
DR PaxDb; Q8GX78; -.
DR PRIDE; Q8GX78; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 244469; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT4G00370.1; AT4G00370.1; AT4G00370.
DR GeneID; 827908; -.
DR Gramene; AT4G00370.1; AT4G00370.1; AT4G00370.
DR KEGG; ath:AT4G00370; -.
DR Araport; AT4G00370; -.
DR TAIR; locus:2126066; AT4G00370.
DR eggNOG; KOG2532; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_001265_5_11_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q8GX78; -.
DR OMA; LDRFCSK; -.
DR OrthoDB; 497052at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q8GX78; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q8GX78; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 4.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q8GX78; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; Q8GX78; AT.
DR GO; GO:0009507; C:chloroplast; HDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0009941; C:chloroplast envelope; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0009706; C:chloroplast inner membrane; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0016021; C:integral component of membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0009536; C:plastid; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0005315; F:inorganic phosphate transmembrane transporter activity; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0015229; F:L-ascorbic acid transmembrane transporter activity; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0015882; P:L-ascorbic acid transmembrane transport; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0010028; P:xanthophyll cycle; IMP:TAIR.
DR CDD; cd17380; MFS_SLC17A9_like; 1.
DR Gene3D; 1.20.1250.20; -; 2.
DR InterPro; IPR011701; MFS.
DR InterPro; IPR020846; MFS_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR036259; MFS_trans_sf.
DR InterPro; IPR044777; SLC17A9-like.
DR Pfam; PF07690; MFS_1; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF103473; SSF103473; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50850; MFS; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Chloroplast; Membrane; Plastid; Plastid inner membrane; Reference proteome;
KW Transit peptide; Transmembrane; Transmembrane helix.
FT TRANSIT 1..28
FT /note="Chloroplast"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CHAIN 29..541
FT /note="Ascorbate transporter, chloroplastic"
FT /id="PRO_0000331535"
FT TRANSMEM 133..155
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 170..190
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 199..219
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 221..241
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 263..283
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 286..306
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 352..372
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 390..410
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 430..450
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 481..501
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 515..535
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
SQ SEQUENCE 541 AA; 59614 MW; 26BA44B8649FA351 CRC64;
MALGGLISNR NFGSFIGSGN GCQRLGKSGA EVSKLFPNAL LCRNHQPLQA SLHHESGHMR
RSFGCFLQPR MDSVIRFRNS IKINRSRAYY KSEESDITEG VVPSADGSAE AILVEGNLQN
ASPWWQQFPR RWVIVLLCFS SFLLCNMDRV NMSIAILPMS QEYNWSSATV GLIQSSFFWG
YLLTQILGGI WADKFGGKVV LGFGVVWWSF ATIMTPIAAR LGLPFLLVVR AFMGIGEGVA
MPAMNNMLSK WIPVSERSRS LALVYSGMYL GSVTGLAFSP MLITKFGWPS VFYSFGSLGS
IWFLLWLKFA YSSPKDDPDL SEEEKKVILG GSKPREPVTV IPWKLILSKP PVWALIISHF
CHNWGTFILL TWMPTYYNQV LKFNLTESGL LCVLPWLTMA VFANIGGWIA DTLVSRGLSI
TNVRKIMQSI GFLGPAFFLS QLSHVKTPAM AVLCMACSQG SDAFSQSGLY SNHQDIGPRY
AGVLLGLSNT AGVLAGVFGT AATGYILQRG SWDDVFKVAV ALYLIGTLVW NLFATGEKIL
D
