HOLIN_BPMD2
ID HOLIN_BPMD2 Reviewed; 141 AA.
AC O64204;
DT 15-DEC-1998, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-AUG-1998, sequence version 1.
DT 23-FEB-2022, entry version 46.
DE RecName: Full=Holin {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04168, ECO:0000303|PubMed:26471254};
DE AltName: Full=Gene product 11 {ECO:0000305};
DE Short=gp11 {ECO:0000305};
GN Name=11;
OS Mycobacterium phage D29 (Mycobacteriophage D29).
OC Viruses; Duplodnaviria; Heunggongvirae; Uroviricota; Caudoviricetes;
OC Caudovirales; Siphoviridae; Fromanvirus.
OX NCBI_TaxID=28369;
OH NCBI_TaxID=1763; Mycobacterium.
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=9636706; DOI=10.1006/jmbi.1997.1610;
RA Ford M.E., Sarkis G.J., Belanger A.E., Hendrix R.W., Hatfull G.F.;
RT "Genome structure of mycobacteriophage D29: implications for phage
RT evolution.";
RL J. Mol. Biol. 279:143-164(1998).
RN [2]
RP FUNCTION, MUTAGENESIS OF GLY-28, AND DOMAIN.
RX PubMed=26471254; DOI=10.1111/febs.13565;
RA Kamilla S., Jain V.;
RT "Mycobacteriophage D29 holin C-terminal region functionally assists in
RT holin aggregation and bacterial cell death.";
RL FEBS J. 283:173-190(2016).
RN [3]
RP DOMAIN, MUTAGENESIS OF 17-PRO-GLY-18, AND SUBUNIT.
RX PubMed=26701742; DOI=10.1021/acschembio.5b00875;
RA Lella M., Kamilla S., Jain V., Mahalakshmi R.;
RT "Molecular Mechanism of Holin Transmembrane Domain I in Pore Formation and
RT Bacterial Cell Death.";
RL ACS Chem. Biol. 11:910-920(2016).
RN [4]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=32477303; DOI=10.3389/fmicb.2020.00883;
RA Bavda V.R., Jain V.;
RT "Deciphering the Role of Holin in Mycobacteriophage D29 Physiology.";
RL Front. Microbiol. 11:883-883(2020).
RN [5]
RP DOMAIN.
RX PubMed=33627396; DOI=10.1128/jvi.02173-20;
RA Bavda V.R., Yadav A., Jain V.;
RT "Decoding the molecular properties of mycobacteriophage D29 Holin provides
RT insights into Holin engineering.";
RL J. Virol. 0:0-0(2021).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Accumulates harmlessly in the cytoplasmic membrane until it
CC reaches a critical concentration that triggers the formation of micron-
CC scale pores (holes) causing host cell membrane disruption and endolysin
CC escape into the periplasmic space (Probable). Determines the precise
CC timing of host cell lysis (PubMed:32477303). Participates with the
CC endolysin protein in the sequential events which lead to the programmed
CC host cell lysis releasing the mature viral particles from the host cell
CC (PubMed:26471254). {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04168,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:26471254, ECO:0000269|PubMed:32477303, ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homomultimer (PubMed:26701742). Self-associates to form a pore
CC (PubMed:26701742). {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04168,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:26701742}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Host cell inner membrane {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC Rule:MF_04168}; Multi-pass membrane protein {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC Rule:MF_04168, ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- DOMAIN: The first transmembrane region undergoes a helix to beta-
CC hairpin conformational change, which is responsible for its self-
CC association and pore formation in the host membrane (PubMed:26701742).
CC The coiled coil region is required for host cell lysis and for
CC cytotoxic activity (PubMed:33627396, PubMed:26471254). The C-terminus
CC determines the size of the hole (PubMed:26471254). {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-
CC Rule:MF_04168, ECO:0000269|PubMed:26471254,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:26701742, ECO:0000269|PubMed:33627396}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the Mycobacterium phage D29 holin family.
CC {ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04168}.
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DR EMBL; AF022214; AAC18451.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR PIR; H72800; H72800.
DR RefSeq; NP_046826.1; NC_001900.1.
DR SMR; O64204; -.
DR TCDB; 1.E.36.1.7; the mycobacterial 2 tms phage holin (m2 hol) family.
DR GeneID; 1261605; -.
DR KEGG; vg:1261605; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000002131; Genome.
DR GO; GO:0020002; C:host cell plasma membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0016021; C:integral component of membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0019835; P:cytolysis; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0044660; P:viral release by cytolysis via pore formation in host cell membrane; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR HAMAP; MF_04168; HOLIN_D29; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR032121; Myco_phage_holin.
DR Pfam; PF16081; Phage_holin_7_1; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Coiled coil; Cytolysis; Host cell inner membrane; Host cell lysis by virus;
KW Host cell membrane; Host membrane; Membrane; Reference proteome;
KW Transmembrane; Transmembrane helix; Viral release from host cell.
FT CHAIN 1..141
FT /note="Holin"
FT /id="PRO_0000164710"
FT TRANSMEM 9..29
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04168"
FT TRANSMEM 37..57
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04168"
FT COILED 74..108
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|HAMAP-Rule:MF_04168"
FT MUTAGEN 17..18
FT /note="PG->AA: Decreased and delayed host membrane
FT disruption."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:26701742"
FT MUTAGEN 28
FT /note="G->D: Complete loss of ability to induce host cell
FT lysis."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:26471254"
SQ SEQUENCE 141 AA; 14618 MW; 0A4E0279E8D7A04B CRC64;
MSPKIRETLY YVGTLVPGIL GIALIWGGID AGAAANIGDI VAGALNLVGA AAPATAAVKV
NQQRKDGTLT TSPVDQVTRG VEQVLAAKQN AEAEVERVKQ ALESAVNGAV PQLGPLASQI
LNGIQPAYSQ PFDPHTQPWN R
