HSP1_HUMAN
ID HSP1_HUMAN Reviewed; 51 AA.
AC P04553;
DT 13-AUG-1987, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 23-JAN-2007, sequence version 2.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 167.
DE RecName: Full=Sperm protamine P1;
DE AltName: Full=Cysteine-rich protamine;
GN Name=PRM1;
OS Homo sapiens (Human).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae;
OC Homo.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=2081589; DOI=10.1016/0888-7543(90)90234-l;
RA Domenjoud L., Nussbaum G., Adham I.M., Greeske G., Engel W.;
RT "Genomic sequences of human protamines whose genes, PRM1 and PRM2, are
RT clustered.";
RL Genomics 8:127-133(1990).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=2613245; DOI=10.1016/0888-7543(89)90036-0;
RA Krawetz S.A., Herfort M.H., Hamerton J.L., Pon R.T., Dixon G.H.;
RT "Chromosomal localization and structure of the human P1 protamine gene.";
RL Genomics 5:639-645(1989).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RX PubMed=3658707; DOI=10.1093/nar/15.18.7639;
RA Lee C.-H., Hoyer-Fender S., Engel W.;
RT "The nucleotide sequence of a human protamine 1 cDNA.";
RL Nucleic Acids Res. 15:7639-7639(1987).
RN [4]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=7983046; DOI=10.1016/s0021-9258(18)47391-7;
RA Nelson J.E., Krawetz S.A.;
RT "Characterization of a human locus in transition.";
RL J. Biol. Chem. 269:31067-31073(1994).
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=8263493;
RA Queralt R., de Fabregues-Boixar O., Adroer R., Gene M., Gomez-Catalan J.,
RA Huguet E., Oliva R.;
RT "Direct sequencing of the human protamine P1 gene and application in
RT forensic medicine.";
RL J. Forensic Sci. 38:1491-1501(1993).
RN [6]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX PubMed=10659848; DOI=10.1038/35002070;
RA Wyckoff G.J., Wang W., Wu C.-I.;
RT "Rapid evolution of male reproductive genes in the descent of man.";
RL Nature 403:304-309(2000).
RN [7]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RA Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S.,
RA Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y.,
RA Phelan M., Farmer A.;
RT "Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector.";
RL Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [8]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC TISSUE=Testis;
RX PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG The MGC Project Team;
RT "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project:
RT the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN [9]
RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-51.
RX PubMed=4027356; DOI=10.1007/bf01116555;
RA McKay D.J., Renaux B.S., Dixon G.H.;
RT "The amino acid sequence of human sperm protamine P1.";
RL Biosci. Rep. 5:383-391(1985).
RN [10]
RP PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-51.
RX PubMed=3527226; DOI=10.1515/bchm3.1986.367.1.515;
RA Ammer H., Henschen A., Lee C.-H.;
RT "Isolation and amino-acid sequence analysis of human sperm protamines P1
RT and P2. Occurrence of two forms of protamine P2.";
RL Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 367:515-522(1986).
RN [11]
RP PHOSPHORYLATION BY SRPK1.
RX PubMed=10390541; DOI=10.1093/nar/27.14.2972;
RA Papoutsopoulou S., Nikolakaki E., Chalepakis G., Kruft V., Chevaillier P.,
RA Giannakouros T.;
RT "SR protein-specific kinase 1 is highly expressed in testis and
RT phosphorylates protamine 1.";
RL Nucleic Acids Res. 27:2972-2980(1999).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Protamines substitute for histones in the chromatin of sperm
CC during the haploid phase of spermatogenesis. They compact sperm DNA
CC into a highly condensed, stable and inactive complex.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Cross-linked by interchain disulfide bonds around the DNA-
CC helix.
CC -!- INTERACTION:
CC P04553; P49760: CLK2; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-13066730, EBI-750020;
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Chromosome.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Testis.
CC -!- PTM: Phosphorylated by SRPK1. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10390541}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protamine P1 family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; Z46940; CAA87065.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; M60331; AAA63249.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; M29706; AAA60191.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; Y00443; CAA68499.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; U15422; AAC50486.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; S68144; AAB29321.2; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF215707; AAF34620.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; BT006746; AAP35392.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; BC003673; AAH03673.1; -; mRNA.
DR CCDS; CCDS10547.1; -.
DR PIR; A38515; HSHUP1.
DR RefSeq; NP_002752.1; NM_002761.2.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P04553; -.
DR BioGRID; 111604; 2.
DR IntAct; P04553; 1.
DR STRING; 9606.ENSP00000310515; -.
DR iPTMnet; P04553; -.
DR PhosphoSitePlus; P04553; -.
DR BioMuta; PRM1; -.
DR DMDM; 123691; -.
DR PaxDb; P04553; -.
DR PeptideAtlas; P04553; -.
DR PRIDE; P04553; -.
DR Antibodypedia; 24690; 66 antibodies from 13 providers.
DR DNASU; 5619; -.
DR Ensembl; ENST00000312511.4; ENSP00000310515.3; ENSG00000175646.4.
DR GeneID; 5619; -.
DR KEGG; hsa:5619; -.
DR MANE-Select; ENST00000312511.4; ENSP00000310515.3; NM_002761.3; NP_002752.1.
DR CTD; 5619; -.
DR DisGeNET; 5619; -.
DR GeneCards; PRM1; -.
DR HGNC; HGNC:9447; PRM1.
DR HPA; ENSG00000175646; Tissue enriched (testis).
DR MIM; 182880; gene.
DR neXtProt; NX_P04553; -.
DR OpenTargets; ENSG00000175646; -.
DR PharmGKB; PA33792; -.
DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000175646; -.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00950000184850; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_214580_2_0_1; -.
DR OMA; MARYICC; -.
DR PathwayCommons; P04553; -.
DR SignaLink; P04553; -.
DR BioGRID-ORCS; 5619; 11 hits in 1063 CRISPR screens.
DR ChiTaRS; PRM1; human.
DR GenomeRNAi; 5619; -.
DR Pharos; P04553; Tbio.
DR PRO; PR:P04553; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome 16.
DR RNAct; P04553; protein.
DR Bgee; ENSG00000175646; Expressed in sperm and 92 other tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; P04553; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; P04553; HS.
DR GO; GO:0005829; C:cytosol; IDA:HPA.
DR GO; GO:0005654; C:nucleoplasm; IDA:HPA.
DR GO; GO:0000786; C:nucleosome; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0003677; F:DNA binding; TAS:ProtInc.
DR GO; GO:0030261; P:chromosome condensation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0051276; P:chromosome organization; TAS:ProtInc.
DR GO; GO:0035092; P:sperm DNA condensation; IEA:InterPro.
DR GO; GO:0007283; P:spermatogenesis; TAS:ProtInc.
DR InterPro; IPR000221; Protamine_P1.
DR Pfam; PF00260; Protamine_P1; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00048; PROTAMINE_P1; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Chromosome; Developmental protein; Differentiation;
KW Direct protein sequencing; Disulfide bond; DNA condensation; DNA-binding;
KW Nucleosome core; Nucleus; Phosphoprotein; Reference proteome;
KW Spermatogenesis.
FT INIT_MET 1
FT /note="Removed"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:3527226,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:4027356"
FT CHAIN 2..51
FT /note="Sperm protamine P1"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:3527226,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:4027356"
FT /id="PRO_0000191482"
FT REGION 1..30
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 10..30
FT /note="Basic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT DISULFID 6
FT /note="Interchain"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02318"
FT DISULFID 39
FT /note="Interchain (with C-39)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02318"
FT DISULFID 40..48
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02318"
SQ SEQUENCE 51 AA; 6823 MW; 4A5C6A92C713C33D CRC64;
MARYRCCRSQ SRSRYYRQRQ RSRRRRRRSC QTRRRAMRCC RPRYRPRCRR H
