ID   HSP1_RAT                Reviewed;          51 AA.
AC   P10118; A0JN03;
DT   01-JUL-1989, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   23-JAN-2007, sequence version 2.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 121.
DE   RecName: Full=Sperm protamine P1;
DE   AltName: Full=Cysteine-rich protamine;
GN   Name=Prm1; Synonyms=Prm-1;
OS   Rattus norvegicus (Rat).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae;
OC   Murinae; Rattus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=10116;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX   PubMed=2757789; DOI=10.1515/bchm3.1989.370.1.293;
RA   Klemm U., Lee C.H., Burfeind P., Hake S., Engel W.;
RT   "Nucleotide sequence of a cDNA encoding rat protamine and the haploid
RT   expression of the gene during rat spermatogenesis.";
RL   Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 370:293-301(1989).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RX   PubMed=8720108;
RX   DOI=10.1002/(sici)1098-2795(199601)43:1<1::aid-mrd1>3.0.co;2-w;
RA   Schlueter G., Celik A.B., Obata R., Schlicker M., Hofferbert S.,
RA   Schlung A., Adham I.M., Engel W.;
RT   "Sequence analysis of the conserved protamine gene cluster shows that it
RT   contains a fourth expressed gene.";
RL   Mol. Reprod. Dev. 43:1-6(1996).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC   TISSUE=Testis;
RX   PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG   The MGC Project Team;
RT   "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project:
RT   the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL   Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN   [4]
RP   PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-51.
RX   PubMed=3072011; DOI=10.1515/bchm3.1988.369.2.1301;
RA   Ammer H., Henschen A.;
RT   "Rat sperm protamine. Isolation and sequence analysis.";
RL   Biol. Chem. Hoppe-Seyler 369:1301-1306(1988).
RN   [5]
RP   PROTEIN SEQUENCE OF 2-16 AND 45-51.
RX   PubMed=1268226; DOI=10.1016/0005-2795(76)90220-8;
RA   Kistler W.S., Keim P.S., Heinrikson R.L.;
RT   "Partial structural analysis of the basic chromosomal protein of rat
RT   spermatozoa.";
RL   Biochim. Biophys. Acta 427:752-757(1976).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Protamines substitute for histones in the chromatin of sperm
CC       during the haploid phase of spermatogenesis. They compact sperm DNA
CC       into a highly condensed, stable and inactive complex.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Cross-linked by interchain disulfide bonds around the DNA-
CC       helix. {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus. Chromosome.
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Testis.
CC   -!- PTM: Phosphorylated by SRPK1. {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the protamine P1 family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; Z46939; CAA87061.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; BC126070; AAI26071.1; -; mRNA.
DR   PIR; A27128; A27128.
DR   PIR; S03997; S03997.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001002850.1; NM_001002850.1.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P10118; -.
DR   STRING; 10116.ENSRNOP00000003420; -.
DR   iPTMnet; P10118; -.
DR   PhosphoSitePlus; P10118; -.
DR   PaxDb; P10118; -.
DR   PRIDE; P10118; -.
DR   GeneID; 24685; -.
DR   KEGG; rno:24685; -.
DR   UCSC; RGD:1583873; rat.
DR   CTD; 5619; -.
DR   RGD; 1583873; Prm1.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_214580_2_0_1; -.
DR   OMA; MARYICC; -.
DR   PRO; PR:P10118; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000002494; Chromosome 10.
DR   Bgee; ENSRNOG00000002532; Expressed in testis and 9 other tissues.
DR   Genevisible; P10118; RN.
DR   GO; GO:0000786; C:nucleosome; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0003677; F:DNA binding; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0030261; P:chromosome condensation; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0006997; P:nucleus organization; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0035092; P:sperm DNA condensation; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0007286; P:spermatid development; ISO:RGD.
DR   InterPro; IPR000221; Protamine_P1.
DR   Pfam; PF00260; Protamine_P1; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00048; PROTAMINE_P1; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   Chromosome; Developmental protein; Differentiation;
KW   Direct protein sequencing; Disulfide bond; DNA condensation; DNA-binding;
KW   Nucleosome core; Nucleus; Phosphoprotein; Reference proteome;
KW   Spermatogenesis.
FT   INIT_MET        1
FT                   /note="Removed"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:1268226,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:3072011"
FT   CHAIN           2..51
FT                   /note="Sperm protamine P1"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000191549"
FT   DISULFID        6
FT                   /note="Interchain (with C-22)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02318"
FT   DISULFID        7..15
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02318"
FT   DISULFID        22
FT                   /note="Interchain (with C-6)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02318"
FT   DISULFID        37
FT                   /note="Interchain (with C-37)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02318"
FT   DISULFID        38..48
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P02318"
SQ   SEQUENCE   51 AA;  7020 MW;  B60BE660AD14E978 CRC64;
     MARYRCCRSK SRSRCRRRRR RCRRRRRRCC RRRRRRCCRR RRSYTFRCKR Y