HWP1_CANAL
ID HWP1_CANAL Reviewed; 634 AA.
AC P46593; A0A1D8PLV3; O13424; P87019; Q59TL7;
DT 01-NOV-1995, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 15-MAR-2017, sequence version 5.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 94.
DE RecName: Full=Hyphal wall protein 1;
DE AltName: Full=Cell elongation protein 2;
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=HWP1; Synonyms=ECE2; OrderedLocusNames=CAALFM_C403570WA;
GN ORFNames=CaO19.1321, CaO19.8901;
OS Candida albicans (strain SC5314 / ATCC MYA-2876) (Yeast).
OC Eukaryota; Fungi; Dikarya; Ascomycota; Saccharomycotina; Saccharomycetes;
OC Saccharomycetales; Debaryomycetaceae; Candida/Lodderomyces clade; Candida.
OX NCBI_TaxID=237561;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=SC5314 / ATCC MYA-2876;
RX PubMed=9639315;
RX DOI=10.1002/(sici)1097-0061(199805)14:7<681::aid-yea256>3.0.co;2-8;
RA Staab J.F., Sundstrom P.;
RT "Genetic organization and sequence analysis of the hypha-specific cell wall
RT protein gene HWP1 of Candida albicans.";
RL Yeast 14:681-686(1998).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION.
RC STRAIN=SC5314 / ATCC MYA-2876;
RX PubMed=10464197; DOI=10.1128/jb.181.17.5273-5279.1999;
RA Sharkey L.L., McNemar M.D., Saporito-Irwin S.M., Sypherd P.S., Fonzi W.A.;
RT "HWP1 functions in the morphological development of Candida albicans
RT downstream of EFG1, TUP1, and RBF1.";
RL J. Bacteriol. 181:5273-5279(1999).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=SC5314 / ATCC MYA-2876;
RX PubMed=15123810; DOI=10.1073/pnas.0401648101;
RA Jones T., Federspiel N.A., Chibana H., Dungan J., Kalman S., Magee B.B.,
RA Newport G., Thorstenson Y.R., Agabian N., Magee P.T., Davis R.W.,
RA Scherer S.;
RT "The diploid genome sequence of Candida albicans.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101:7329-7334(2004).
RN [4]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=SC5314 / ATCC MYA-2876;
RX PubMed=17419877; DOI=10.1186/gb-2007-8-4-r52;
RA van het Hoog M., Rast T.J., Martchenko M., Grindle S., Dignard D.,
RA Hogues H., Cuomo C., Berriman M., Scherer S., Magee B.B., Whiteway M.,
RA Chibana H., Nantel A., Magee P.T.;
RT "Assembly of the Candida albicans genome into sixteen supercontigs aligned
RT on the eight chromosomes.";
RL Genome Biol. 8:RESEARCH52.1-RESEARCH52.12(2007).
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA], AND GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=SC5314 / ATCC MYA-2876;
RX PubMed=24025428; DOI=10.1186/gb-2013-14-9-r97;
RA Muzzey D., Schwartz K., Weissman J.S., Sherlock G.;
RT "Assembly of a phased diploid Candida albicans genome facilitates allele-
RT specific measurements and provides a simple model for repeat and indel
RT structure.";
RL Genome Biol. 14:RESEARCH97.1-RESEARCH97.14(2013).
RN [6]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-225, INDUCTION, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RC STRAIN=SC5314 / ATCC MYA-2876;
RX PubMed=8626424; DOI=10.1074/jbc.271.11.6298;
RA Staab J.F., Ferrer C.A., Sundstrom P.;
RT "Developmental expression of a tandemly repeated, proline- and glutamine-
RT rich amino acid motif on hyphal surfaces on Candida albicans.";
RL J. Biol. Chem. 271:6298-6305(1996).
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=10066176; DOI=10.1126/science.283.5407.1535;
RA Staab J.F., Bradway S.D., Fidel P.L., Sundstrom P.;
RT "Adhesive and mammalian transglutaminase substrate properties of Candida
RT albicans Hwp1.";
RL Science 283:1535-1538(1999).
RN [8]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=10790384; DOI=10.1093/genetics/155.1.57;
RA Braun B.R., Johnson A.D.;
RT "TUP1, CPH1 and EFG1 make independent contributions to filamentation in
RT Candida albicans.";
RL Genetics 155:57-67(2000).
RN [9]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=10978273; DOI=10.1093/genetics/156.1.31;
RA Braun B.R., Head W.S., Wang M.X., Johnson A.D.;
RT "Identification and characterization of TUP1-regulated genes in Candida
RT albicans.";
RL Genetics 156:31-44(2000).
RN [10]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=10722594; DOI=10.1128/iai.68.4.1997-2002.2000;
RA Tsuchimori N., Sharkey L.L., Fonzi W.A., French S.W., Edwards J.E. Jr.,
RA Filler S.G.;
RT "Reduced virulence of HWP1-deficient mutants of Candida albicans and their
RT interactions with host cells.";
RL Infect. Immun. 68:1997-2002(2000).
RN [11]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=11395474; DOI=10.1128/jb.183.13.4090-4093.2001;
RA Leng P., Lee P.R., Wu H., Brown A.J.;
RT "Efg1, a morphogenetic regulator in Candida albicans, is a sequence-
RT specific DNA binding protein.";
RL J. Bacteriol. 183:4090-4093(2001).
RN [12]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=11259598; DOI=10.1128/mcb.21.7.2496-2505.2001;
RA Kadosh D., Johnson A.D.;
RT "Rfg1, a protein related to the Saccharomyces cerevisiae hypoxic regulator
RT Rox1, controls filamentous growth and virulence in Candida albicans.";
RL Mol. Cell. Biol. 21:2496-2505(2001).
RN [13]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=11737641; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02713.x;
RA Murad A.M., d'Enfert C., Gaillardin C., Tournu H., Tekaia F., Talibi D.,
RA Marechal D., Marchais V., Cottin J., Brown A.J.;
RT "Transcript profiling in Candida albicans reveals new cellular functions
RT for the transcriptional repressors CaTup1, CaMig1 and CaNrg1.";
RL Mol. Microbiol. 42:981-993(2001).
RN [14]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=12406738; DOI=10.1128/aem.68.11.5459-5463.2002;
RA Ramage G., Saville S.P., Wickes B.L., Lopez-Ribot J.L.;
RT "Inhibition of Candida albicans biofilm formation by farnesol, a quorum-
RT sensing molecule.";
RL Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 68:5459-5463(2002).
RN [15]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=12011025; DOI=10.1128/iai.70.6.3281-3283.2002;
RA Sundstrom P., Cutler J.E., Staab J.F.;
RT "Reevaluation of the role of HWP1 in systemic candidiasis by use of Candida
RT albicans strains with selectable marker URA3 targeted to the ENO1 locus.";
RL Infect. Immun. 70:3281-3283(2002).
RN [16]
RP PREDICTION AS A SUBSTRATE FOR KEX2 CLEAVAGE.
RX PubMed=12419804; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m209713200;
RA Newport G., Kuo A., Flattery A., Gill C., Blake J.J., Kurtz M.B.,
RA Abruzzo G.K., Agabian N.;
RT "Inactivation of Kex2p diminishes the virulence of Candida albicans.";
RL J. Biol. Chem. 278:1713-1720(2003).
RN [17]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=11865405; DOI=10.1086/338836;
RA Sundstrom P., Balish E., Allen C.M.;
RT "Essential role of the Candida albicans transglutaminase substrate, hyphal
RT wall protein 1, in lethal oroesophageal candidiasis in immunodeficient
RT mice.";
RL J. Infect. Dis. 185:521-530(2002).
RN [18]
RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX PubMed=14565982; DOI=10.1091/mbc.e03-04-0264;
RA Daniels K.J., Lockhart S.R., Staab J.F., Sundstrom P., Soll D.R.;
RT "The adhesin Hwp1 and the first daughter cell localize to the a/a portion
RT of the conjugation bridge during Candida albicans mating.";
RL Mol. Biol. Cell 14:4920-4930(2003).
RN [19]
RP GPI-ANCHOR AT GLY-613, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND MUTAGENESIS OF GLY-613.
RX PubMed=14651643; DOI=10.1046/j.1365-2958.2003.03794.x;
RA Mao Y., Zhang Z., Wong B.;
RT "Use of green fluorescent protein fusions to analyse the N- and C-terminal
RT signal peptides of GPI-anchored cell wall proteins in Candida albicans.";
RL Mol. Microbiol. 50:1617-1628(2003).
RN [20]
RP PREDICTION OF GPI-ANCHOR.
RX PubMed=12845604; DOI=10.1002/yea.1007;
RA De Groot P.W., Hellingwerf K.J., Klis F.M.;
RT "Genome-wide identification of fungal GPI proteins.";
RL Yeast 20:781-796(2003).
RN [21]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=15302825; DOI=10.1128/ec.3.4.919-931.2004;
RA Miwa T., Takagi Y., Shinozaki M., Yun C.W., Schell W.A., Perfect J.R.,
RA Kumagai H., Tamaki H.;
RT "Gpr1, a putative G-protein-coupled receptor, regulates morphogenesis and
RT hypha formation in the pathogenic fungus Candida albicans.";
RL Eukaryot. Cell 3:919-931(2004).
RN [22]
RP FUNCTION, GLYCOSYLATION, GPI-ANCHOR, AND CELL WALL ANCHORAGE.
RX PubMed=15262971; DOI=10.1074/jbc.m406005200;
RA Staab J.F., Bahn Y.S., Tai C.H., Cook P.F., Sundstrom P.;
RT "Expression of transglutaminase substrate activity on Candida albicans germ
RT tubes through a coiled, disulfide-bonded N-terminal domain of Hwp1 requires
RT C-terminal glycosylphosphatidylinositol modification.";
RL J. Biol. Chem. 279:40737-40747(2004).
RN [23]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=15964282; DOI=10.1016/j.cub.2005.05.047;
RA Nobile C.J., Mitchell A.P.;
RT "Regulation of cell-surface genes and biofilm formation by the C. albicans
RT transcription factor Bcr1p.";
RL Curr. Biol. 15:1150-1155(2005).
RN [24]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=17030992; DOI=10.1128/ec.00194-06;
RA Nobile C.J., Nett J.E., Andes D.R., Mitchell A.P.;
RT "Function of Candida albicans adhesin Hwp1 in biofilm formation.";
RL Eukaryot. Cell 5:1604-1610(2006).
RN [25]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=17042758; DOI=10.1111/j.1567-1364.2006.00130.x;
RA Sohn K., Senyurek I., Fertey J., Konigsdorfer A., Joffroy C., Hauser N.,
RA Zelt G., Brunner H., Rupp S.;
RT "An in vitro assay to study the transcriptional response during adherence
RT of Candida albicans to different human epithelia.";
RL FEMS Yeast Res. 6:1085-1093(2006).
RN [26]
RP FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=17005778; DOI=10.1099/jmm.0.46737-0;
RA Naglik J.R., Fostira F., Ruprai J., Staab J.F., Challacombe S.J.,
RA Sundstrom P.;
RT "Candida albicans HWP1 gene expression and host antibody responses in
RT colonization and disease.";
RL J. Med. Microbiol. 55:1323-1327(2006).
RN [27]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=16427765; DOI=10.1016/j.micpath.2005.11.002;
RA Doyle T.C., Nawotka K.A., Purchio A.F., Akin A.R., Francis K.P.,
RA Contag P.R.;
RT "Expression of firefly luciferase in Candida albicans and its use in the
RT selection of stable transformants.";
RL Microb. Pathog. 40:69-81(2006).
RN [28]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=16267276; DOI=10.1091/mbc.e05-06-0502;
RA Cao F., Lane S., Raniga P.P., Lu Y., Zhou Z., Ramon K., Chen J., Liu H.;
RT "The Flo8 transcription factor is essential for hyphal development and
RT virulence in Candida albicans.";
RL Mol. Biol. Cell 17:295-307(2006).
RN [29]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=16839200; DOI=10.1371/journal.ppat.0020063;
RA Nobile C.J., Andes D.R., Nett J.E., Smith F.J., Yue F., Phan Q.T.,
RA Edwards J.E., Filler S.G., Mitchell A.P.;
RT "Critical role of Bcr1-dependent adhesins in C. albicans biofilm formation
RT in vitro and in vivo.";
RL PLoS Pathog. 2:E63-E63(2006).
RN [30]
RP DIAGNOSTIC TOOL.
RX PubMed=17448251; DOI=10.1186/1471-2180-7-35;
RA Lain A., Elguezabal N., Brena S., Garcia-Ruiz J.C., Del Palacio A.,
RA Moragues M.D., Ponton J.;
RT "Diagnosis of invasive candidiasis by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
RT using the N-terminal fragment of Candida albicans hyphal wall protein 1.";
RL BMC Microbiol. 7:35-35(2007).
RN [31]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=17220463; DOI=10.1128/ec.00341-06;
RA Kim S., Wolyniak M.J., Staab J.F., Sundstrom P.;
RT "A 368-base-pair cis-acting HWP1 promoter region, HCR, of Candida albicans
RT confers hypha-specific gene regulation and binds architectural
RT transcription factors Nhp6 and Gcf1p.";
RL Eukaryot. Cell 6:693-709(2007).
RN [32]
RP FUNCTION, AND SUBSTRATE FOR HOST TRANSGLUTAMINASES.
RX PubMed=17686003; DOI=10.1111/j.1600-0714.2007.00565.x;
RA Ponniah G., Rollenhagen C., Bahn Y.S., Staab J.F., Sundstrom P.;
RT "State of differentiation defines buccal epithelial cell affinity for
RT cross-linking to Candida albicans Hwp1.";
RL J. Oral Pathol. Med. 36:456-467(2007).
RN [33]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=17325946; DOI=10.1080/13693780601028691;
RA Pendrak M.L., Roberts D.D.;
RT "Hemoglobin is an effective inducer of hyphal differentiation in Candida
RT albicans.";
RL Med. Mycol. 45:61-71(2007).
RN [34]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=17909983; DOI=10.1007/s11046-007-9068-x;
RA Ramage G., Wickes B.L., Lopez-Ribot J.L.;
RT "Inhibition on Candida albicans biofilm formation using divalent cation
RT chelators (EDTA).";
RL Mycopathologia 164:301-306(2007).
RN [35]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=18424510; DOI=10.1128/ec.00357-07;
RA Kebaara B.W., Langford M.L., Navarathna D.H., Dumitru R., Nickerson K.W.,
RA Atkin A.L.;
RT "Candida albicans Tup1 is involved in farnesol-mediated inhibition of
RT filamentous-growth induction.";
RL Eukaryot. Cell 7:980-987(2008).
RN [36]
RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND GPI-ANCHOR.
RX PubMed=18723603; DOI=10.1128/ec.00148-08;
RA Mao Y., Zhang Z., Gast C., Wong B.;
RT "C-terminal signals regulate targeting of glycosylphosphatidylinositol-
RT anchored proteins to the cell wall or plasma membrane in Candida
RT albicans.";
RL Eukaryot. Cell 7:1906-1915(2008).
RN [37]
RP FUNCTION, AND INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=18837169;
RA Nas T., Kalkanci A., Fidan I., Hizel K., Bolat S., Yolbakan S., Yilmaz E.,
RA Ozkan S., Kustimur S.;
RT "Expression of ALS1, HWP1 and SAP4 genes in Candida albicans strains
RT isolated from women with vaginitis.";
RL Folia Microbiol. (Praha) 53:179-183(2008).
RN [38]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=18765290; DOI=10.1016/j.fgb.2008.08.003;
RA Plaine A., Walker L., Da Costa G., Mora-Montes H.M., McKinnon A., Gow N.A.,
RA Gaillardin C., Munro C.A., Richard M.L.;
RT "Functional analysis of Candida albicans GPI-anchored proteins: roles in
RT cell wall integrity and caspofungin sensitivity.";
RL Fungal Genet. Biol. 45:1404-1414(2008).
RN [39]
RP GLYCOSYLATION.
RX PubMed=18644880; DOI=10.1128/iai.00368-08;
RA Fradin C., Slomianny M.C., Mille C., Masset A., Robert R., Sendid B.,
RA Ernst J.F., Michalski J.C., Poulain D.;
RT "Beta-1,2 oligomannose adhesin epitopes are widely distributed over the
RT different families of Candida albicans cell wall mannoproteins and are
RT associated through both N- and O-glycosylation processes.";
RL Infect. Immun. 76:4509-4517(2008).
RN [40]
RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=18227255; DOI=10.1099/mic.0.2007/012617-0;
RA Sosinska G.J., de Groot P.W., Teixeira de Mattos M.J., Dekker H.L.,
RA de Koster C.G., Hellingwerf K.J., Klis F.M.;
RT "Hypoxic conditions and iron restriction affect the cell-wall proteome of
RT Candida albicans grown under vagina-simulative conditions.";
RL Microbiology 154:510-520(2008).
RN [41]
RP PRODUCTION OF VACCINES.
RX PubMed=18725625; DOI=10.1073/pnas.0803195105;
RA Xin H., Dziadek S., Bundle D.R., Cutler J.E.;
RT "Synthetic glycopeptide vaccines combining beta-mannan and peptide epitopes
RT induce protection against candidiasis.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105:13526-13531(2008).
RN [42]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=19652383; DOI=10.1248/bpb.32.1417;
RA Cheng A., Sun L., Wu X., Lou H.;
RT "The inhibitory effect of a macrocyclic bisbibenzyl riccardin D on the
RT biofilms of Candida albicans.";
RL Biol. Pharm. Bull. 32:1417-1421(2009).
RN [43]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=19734367; DOI=10.1128/ec.00190-09;
RA Su C., Li Y., Lu Y., Chen J.;
RT "Mss11, a transcriptional activator, is required for hyphal development in
RT Candida albicans.";
RL Eukaryot. Cell 8:1780-1791(2009).
RN [44]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=19837954; DOI=10.1128/ec.00245-09;
RA Ene I.V., Bennett R.J.;
RT "Hwp1 and related adhesins contribute to both mating and biofilm formation
RT in Candida albicans.";
RL Eukaryot. Cell 8:1909-1913(2009).
RN [45]
RP IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=19555771; DOI=10.1016/j.fgb.2009.06.005;
RA Maddi A., Bowman S.M., Free S.J.;
RT "Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid-based proteomic analysis of cell wall and
RT secreted proteins of the ascomycetous fungi Neurospora crassa and Candida
RT albicans.";
RL Fungal Genet. Biol. 46:768-781(2009).
RN [46]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=20194705; DOI=10.1128/aac.01638-09;
RA Vediyappan G., Rossignol T., d'Enfert C.;
RT "Interaction of Candida albicans biofilms with antifungals: transcriptional
RT response and binding of antifungals to beta-glucans.";
RL Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54:2096-2111(2010).
RN [47]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=20709785; DOI=10.1128/ec.00103-10;
RA Nobbs A.H., Vickerman M.M., Jenkinson H.F.;
RT "Heterologous expression of Candida albicans cell wall-associated adhesins
RT in Saccharomyces cerevisiae Reveals differential specificities in adherence
RT and biofilm formation and in binding oral Streptococcus gordonii.";
RL Eukaryot. Cell 9:1622-1634(2010).
RN [48]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=20572249; DOI=10.1002/cbic.201000086;
RA Vilchez R., Lemme A., Ballhausen B., Thiel V., Schulz S., Jansen R.,
RA Sztajer H., Wagner-Dobler I.;
RT "Streptococcus mutans inhibits Candida albicans hyphal formation by the
RT fatty acid signaling molecule trans-2-decenoic acid (SDSF).";
RL ChemBioChem 11:1552-1562(2010).
RN [49]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=20706577; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0012050;
RA Murzyn A., Krasowska A., Stefanowicz P., Dziadkowiec D., Lukaszewicz M.;
RT "Capric acid secreted by S. boulardii inhibits C. albicans filamentous
RT growth, adhesion and biofilm formation.";
RL PLoS ONE 5:E12050-E12050(2010).
RN [50]
RP SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, AND INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=20864472; DOI=10.1099/mic.0.044206-0;
RA Sosinska G.J., de Koning L.J., de Groot P.W., Manders E.M., Dekker H.L.,
RA Hellingwerf K.J., de Koster C.G., Klis F.M.;
RT "Mass spectrometric quantification of the adaptations in the wall proteome
RT of Candida albicans in response to ambient pH.";
RL Microbiology 157:136-146(2011).
RN [51]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=21924600; DOI=10.1016/j.phymed.2011.08.060;
RA Khodavandi A., Harmal N.S., Alizadeh F., Scully O.J., Sidik S.M.,
RA Othman F., Sekawi Z., Ng K.P., Chong P.P.;
RT "Comparison between allicin and fluconazole in Candida albicans biofilm
RT inhibition and in suppression of HWP1 gene expression.";
RL Phytomedicine 19:56-63(2011).
RN [52]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=21283544; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0016218;
RA Dwivedi P., Thompson A., Xie Z., Kashleva H., Ganguly S., Mitchell A.P.,
RA Dongari-Bagtzoglou A.;
RT "Role of Bcr1-activated genes Hwp1 and Hyr1 in Candida albicans oral
RT mucosal biofilms and neutrophil evasion.";
RL PLoS ONE 6:E16218-E16218(2011).
RN [53]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=23226409; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0050866;
RA Tsang P.W., Bandara H.M., Fong W.P.;
RT "Purpurin suppresses Candida albicans biofilm formation and hyphal
RT development.";
RL PLoS ONE 7:E50866-E50866(2012).
RN [54]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=23229567; DOI=10.1007/s00253-012-4549-3;
RA Lee S.H., Jeon J.E., Ahn C.H., Chung S.C., Shin J., Oh K.B.;
RT "Inhibition of yeast-to-hypha transition in Candida albicans by phorbasin H
RT isolated from Phorbas sp.";
RL Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. 97:3141-3148(2013).
RN [55]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=23262131; DOI=10.1016/j.jbiotec.2012.12.004;
RA Heintz-Buschart A., Eickhoff H., Hohn E., Bilitewski U.;
RT "Identification of inhibitors of yeast-to-hyphae transition in Candida
RT albicans by a reporter screening assay.";
RL J. Biotechnol. 164:137-142(2013).
RN [56]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=23210679; DOI=10.3109/13693786.2012.743051;
RA Hsu C.C., Lai W.L., Chuang K.C., Lee M.H., Tsai Y.C.;
RT "The inhibitory activity of linalool against the filamentous growth and
RT biofilm formation in Candida albicans.";
RL Med. Mycol. 51:473-482(2013).
RN [57]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=24252340; DOI=10.1016/j.phymed.2013.10.028;
RA Khan A., Ahmad A., Xess I., Khan L.A., Manzoor N.;
RT "Ocimum sanctum essential oil inhibits virulence attributes in Candida
RT albicans.";
RL Phytomedicine 21:448-452(2014).
RN [58]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=23704884; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0062902;
RA Samaranayake Y.H., Cheung B.P., Yau J.Y., Yeung S.K., Samaranayake L.P.;
RT "Human serum promotes Candida albicans biofilm growth and virulence gene
RT expression on silicone biomaterial.";
RL PLoS ONE 8:E62902-E62902(2013).
RN [59]
RP FUNCTION, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=24260489; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0080842;
RA Staab J.F., Datta K., Rhee P.;
RT "Niche-specific requirement for hyphal wall protein 1 in virulence of
RT Candida albicans.";
RL PLoS ONE 8:E80842-E80842(2013).
RN [60]
RP INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=23904484; DOI=10.1073/pnas.1305982110;
RA Fazly A., Jain C., Dehner A.C., Issi L., Lilly E.A., Ali A., Cao H.,
RA Fidel P.L. Jr., Rao R.P., Kaufman P.D.;
RT "Chemical screening identifies filastatin, a small molecule inhibitor of
RT Candida albicans adhesion, morphogenesis, and pathogenesis.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 110:13594-13599(2013).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Major hyphal cell wall protein which plays a role of adhesin
CC and is required for mating, normal hyphal development, cell-to-cell
CC adhesive functions necessary for biofilm integrity, attachment to host,
CC and virulence. Promotes interactions with host and bacterial molecules,
CC thus leading to effective colonization within polymicrobial
CC communities. Plays a crucial role in gastrointestinal colonization, in
CC mucosal symptomatic and asymptomatic infections, in vaginitis, as well
CC as in lethal oroesophageal candidiasis, caused by the combined action
CC of fungal virulence factors and host inflammatory responses when
CC protective immunity is absent. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10066176,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:10464197, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10722594,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:11865405, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12011025,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:15262971, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16839200,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:17005778, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17030992,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:17686003, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18765290,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:18837169, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19837954,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:20709785, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21283544,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:24260489}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted, cell wall. Membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-
CC anchor. Note=Hyphal surface. Localizes to the a/a Portion of the
CC conjugation bridge during mating.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Found in hyphal but not yeast forms.
CC -!- INDUCTION: The promoter contains a 368 bp region, the HWP1 control
CC region (HCR), which is target of transcription factors and is critical
CC for activation under hypha-inducing conditions. Expression is
CC positively regulated by BCR1, EFG1, FLO8, GPA2, GPR1, MSS11, RBF1, and
CC RFG1; and negatively regulated by NRG1 and TUP1. Transcription is
CC induced in an adhesion-dependent manner and in presence of human serum
CC or hemoglobin. Expression is down-regulated by hypoxic conditions,
CC allicine, ethylenediaminetetra-acetic acid (EDTA), farnesol, linalool,
CC riccardin D, purpurin, filastatin, phorbasin H, Ocimum sanctum
CC essential oil (OSEO), as well as many substances belonging to chemical
CC classes such as methyl aryl-oxazoline carboxylates, dihydrobenzo-d-
CC isoxazolones, and thiazolo-4,5-e-benzoisoxazoles. Moreover, the
CC competitors Saccharomyces boulardii or Streptococcus mutans secrete
CC respectively capric acid and trans-2-decenoic acid (SDSF) which also
CC suppress HWP1 expression. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10464197,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:10790384, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10978273,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:11259598, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11395474,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:11737641, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12406738,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:15302825, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15964282,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:16267276, ECO:0000269|PubMed:16427765,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:17005778, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17042758,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:17220463, ECO:0000269|PubMed:17325946,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:17909983, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18227255,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:18424510, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18837169,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:19555771, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19652383,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:19734367, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20194705,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:20572249, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20706577,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:20864472, ECO:0000269|PubMed:21924600,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:23210679, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23226409,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:23229567, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23262131,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:23704884, ECO:0000269|PubMed:23904484,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:24252340, ECO:0000269|PubMed:8626424}.
CC -!- PTM: The GPI-anchor is attached to the protein in the endoplasmic
CC reticulum and serves to target the protein to the cell surface. There,
CC the glucosamine-inositol phospholipid moiety is cleaved off and the
CC GPI-modified mannoprotein is covalently attached via its lipidless GPI
CC glycan remnant to the 1,6-beta-glucan of the outer cell wall layer.
CC -!- PTM: Serves as a substrate for mammalian transglutaminases which are
CC necessary for cross-linking between HWP1 and host epithelial cells.
CC Also predicted to be a substrate for cleavage by KEX2.
CC -!- PTM: N- and O-glycosylated. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15262971,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:18644880}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Reduces the overall mating frequency in both
CC liquid and solid media. Impairs stable attachments to human buccal
CC epithelial cells and reduces capacity to cause systemic candidiasis in
CC mice. Produces a thin biofilm that lacks much of the hyphal mass found
CC in the wild type cell. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10066176,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:10722594, ECO:0000269|PubMed:11865405,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:17030992, ECO:0000269|PubMed:19837954,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:24260489}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: As a major cell surface protein expressed during
CC infection, HWP1 detection can be used for diagnosis of invasive
CC candidiasis. HWP1 epitopes can also be used to develop vaccines for
CC protection against candidiasis.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the HWP1 family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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DR EMBL; U64206; AAC96368.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AF001978; AAB64014.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP017626; AOW29115.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; U29369; AAC49209.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; XP_709961.2; XM_704869.2.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P46593; -.
DR BioGRID; 1228465; 9.
DR STRING; 237561.P46593; -.
DR GeneID; 3645372; -.
DR KEGG; cal:CAALFM_C403570WA; -.
DR CGD; CAL0000200504; HWP1.
DR VEuPathDB; FungiDB:C4_03570W_A; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_033728_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; P46593; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1824970at2759; -.
DR PHI-base; PHI:175; -.
DR PRO; PR:P46593; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000559; Chromosome 4.
DR GO; GO:0031225; C:anchored component of membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005576; C:extracellular region; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0044652; P:adhesion of symbiont to host endothelial cell; IMP:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0007155; P:cell adhesion; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR InterPro; IPR025928; Flocculin_t3_rpt.
DR Pfam; PF13928; Flocculin_t3; 2.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Cell adhesion; Cell wall; Glycoprotein; GPI-anchor; Lipoprotein; Membrane;
KW Reference proteome; Repeat; Secreted; Signal; Virulence.
FT SIGNAL 1..27
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CHAIN 28..613
FT /note="Hyphal wall protein 1"
FT /id="PRO_0000084097"
FT PROPEP 614..634
FT /note="Removed in mature form"
FT /id="PRO_0000425596"
FT REPEAT 46..58
FT /note="1; approximate"
FT REPEAT 59..69
FT /note="2; approximate"
FT REPEAT 70..81
FT /note="3; approximate"
FT REPEAT 82..91
FT /note="4"
FT REPEAT 92..101
FT /note="5"
FT REPEAT 102..111
FT /note="6"
FT REPEAT 112..121
FT /note="7"
FT REPEAT 122..131
FT /note="8"
FT REPEAT 132..141
FT /note="9"
FT REPEAT 142..151
FT /note="10"
FT REPEAT 152..161
FT /note="11"
FT REPEAT 162..171
FT /note="12"
FT REPEAT 172..179
FT /note="13; truncated"
FT REPEAT 180..187
FT /note="14; truncated"
FT REGION 40..307
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 46..187
FT /note="14 X 10 AA tandem repeats of [EVIQ]-P-[CDT]-D-[YNW]-
FT P-[PQ]-[QI]-[QP]-[QDN]"
FT REGION 412..570
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 49..85
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 103..175
FT /note="Pro residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 197..307
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 412..428
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 535..552
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT LIPID 613
FT /note="GPI-anchor amidated glycine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14651643"
FT CARBOHYD 241
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 286
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT CARBOHYD 601
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT MUTAGEN 613
FT /note="G->D,N,S: Still allows localization to the cell
FT surface."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14651643"
FT MUTAGEN 613
FT /note="G->E,Q,R,T: Impairs cell surface localization and
FT localizes exclusively to internal ER-like structures."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:14651643"
FT CONFLICT 142
FT /note="V -> I (in Ref. 1; AAC96368 and 2; AAB64014)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 142
FT /note="V -> VPCDNPPQPDI (in Ref. 6; AAC49209)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 152
FT /note="V -> I (in Ref. 1; AAC96368, 2; AAB64014 and 6;
FT AAC49209)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 296
FT /note="A -> T (in Ref. 1; AAC96368)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 441
FT /note="P -> S (in Ref. 1; AAC96368)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 492
FT /note="S -> P (in Ref. 1; AAC96368)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 634 AA; 65314 MW; D48F1FD5C659EAC1 CRC64;
MRLSTAQLIA IAYYMLSIGA TVPQVDGQGE TEEALIQKRS YDYYQEPCDD YPQQQQQQEP
CDYPQQQQQE EPCDYPQQQP QEPCDYPQQP QEPCDYPQQP QEPCDYPQQP QEPCDNPPQP
DVPCDNPPQP DVPCDNPPQP DVPCDNPPQP DVPCDNPPQP DQPDDNPPIP NIPTDWIPNI
PTDWIPDIPE KPTTPATTPN IPATTTTSES SSSSSSSSSS TTPKTSASTT PESSVPATTP
NTSVPTTSSE STTPATSPES SVPVTSGSSI LATTSESSSA PATTPNTSVP TTTTEAKSSS
TPLTTTTEHD TTVVTVTSCS NSVCTESEVT TGVIVITSKD TIYTTYCPLT ETTPVSTAPA
TETPTGTVST STEQSTTVIT VTSCSESSCT ESEVTTGVVV VTSEETVYTT FCPLTENTPG
TDSTPEASIP PMETIPAGSE PSMPAGETSP AVPKSDVPAT ESAPVPEMTP AGSQPSIPAG
ETSPAVPKSD VSATESAPAP EMTPAGTETK PAAPKSSAPA TEPSPVAPGT ESAPAGPGAS
SSPKSSVLAS ETSPIAPGAE TAPAGSSGAI TIPESSAVVS TTEGAIPTTL ESVPLMQPSA
NYSSVAPIST FEGAGNNMRL TFGAAIIGIA AFLI
