IFNT2_BOVIN
ID IFNT2_BOVIN Reviewed; 172 AA.
AC P56830;
DT 30-MAY-2000, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 30-MAY-2000, sequence version 1.
DT 25-MAY-2022, entry version 109.
DE RecName: Full=Interferon tau-2;
DE Short=IFN-tau-2;
DE AltName: Full=Antiluteolysin;
DE AltName: Full=Trophoblast antiluteolytic protein;
DE AltName: Full=Trophoblast protein 1;
DE Short=TP-1;
DE AltName: Full=Trophoblastin;
GN Name=IFNT2;
OS Bos taurus (Bovine).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae;
OC Bovinae; Bos.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9913;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANTS ASN-6; VAL-135 AND VAL-146, AND
RP POLYMORPHISM.
RC TISSUE=Embryo;
RX PubMed=11416010; DOI=10.1210/endo.142.7.8249;
RA Ealy A.D., Larson S.F., Liu L., Alexenko A.P., Winkelman G.L.,
RA Kubisch H.M., Bixby J.A., Roberts R.M.;
RT "Polymorphic forms of expressed bovine interferon-tau genes: relative
RT transcript abundance during early placental development, promoter sequences
RT of genes and biological activity of protein products.";
RL Endocrinology 142:2906-2915(2001).
RN [2]
RP 3D-STRUCTURE MODELING.
RX PubMed=8746786; DOI=10.1089/jir.1995.15.1053;
RA Senda T., Saitoh S., Mitsui Y., Li J., Roberts R.M.;
RT "A three-dimensional model of interferon-tau.";
RL J. Interferon Cytokine Res. 15:1053-1060(1995).
RN [3]
RP REVIEW.
RX PubMed=9865498; DOI=10.1016/s0300-9084(99)80029-7;
RA Martal J.L., Chene N.M., Huynh L.P., L'Haridon R.M., Reinaud P.B.,
RA Guillomot M.W., Charlier M.A., Charpigny S.Y.;
RT "IFN-tau: a novel subtype I IFN1. Structural characteristics, non-
RT ubiquitous expression, structure-function relationships, a pregnancy
RT hormonal embryonic signal and cross-species therapeutic potentialities.";
RL Biochimie 80:755-777(1998).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Paracrine hormone primarily responsible for maternal
CC recognition of pregnancy. Interacts with endometrial receptors,
CC probably type I interferon receptors, and blocks estrogen receptor
CC expression, preventing the estrogen-induced increase in oxytocin
CC receptor expression in the endometrium. This results in the suppression
CC of the pulsatile endometrial release of the luteolytic hormone
CC prostaglandin F2-alpha, hindering the regression of the corpus luteum
CC (luteolysis) and therefore a return to ovarian cyclicity. This, and a
CC possible direct effect of IFN-tau on prostaglandin synthesis, leads in
CC turn to continued ovarian progesterone secretion, which stimulates the
CC secretion by the endometrium of the nutrients required for the growth
CC of the conceptus. In summary, displays particularly high antiviral and
CC antiproliferative potency concurrently with particular weak
CC cytotoxicity, high antiluteolytic activity and immunomodulatory
CC properties. In contrast with other IFNs, IFN-tau is not virally
CC inducible.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted. Note=Secreted into the uterine lumen.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Constitutively and exclusively expressed in the
CC mononuclear cells of the extraembryonic trophectoderm.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Major secretory product synthesized by the bovine
CC conceptus between days 15 and 25 of pregnancy.
CC -!- POLYMORPHISM: There seems to be three variants of IFN-tau 2: A (shown
CC here), B and C. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11416010}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: IFN-tau genes are intronless. They evolved from IFN-
CC omega genes in the ruminantia suborder and have continued to duplicate
CC independently in different lineages of the ruminantia. They code for
CC proteins very similar in sequence but with different biological potency
CC and pattern of expression.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the alpha/beta interferon family. IFN-alphaII
CC subfamily. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AF196321; AAF08672.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AF196322; AAF08673.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AF196323; AAF08674.1; -; mRNA.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P56830; -.
DR SMR; P56830; -.
DR InParanoid; P56830; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000009136; Unplaced.
DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0005125; F:cytokine activity; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0005179; F:hormone activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005132; F:type I interferon receptor binding; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0002250; P:adaptive immune response; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0030183; P:B cell differentiation; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0042100; P:B cell proliferation; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0019221; P:cytokine-mediated signaling pathway; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0051607; P:defense response to virus; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0007565; P:female pregnancy; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0006959; P:humoral immune response; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0002323; P:natural killer cell activation involved in immune response; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0033141; P:positive regulation of peptidyl-serine phosphorylation of STAT protein; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0043330; P:response to exogenous dsRNA; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0002286; P:T cell activation involved in immune response; IBA:GO_Central.
DR CDD; cd00095; IFab; 1.
DR Gene3D; 1.20.1250.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR009079; 4_helix_cytokine-like_core.
DR InterPro; IPR000471; Interferon_alpha/beta/delta.
DR PANTHER; PTHR11691; PTHR11691; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00143; Interferon; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00266; INTERFERONAB.
DR SMART; SM00076; IFabd; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF47266; SSF47266; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00252; INTERFERON_A_B_D; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Antiviral defense; Cytokine; Disulfide bond; Glycoprotein; Hormone;
KW Pregnancy; Reference proteome; Secreted.
FT CHAIN 1..172
FT /note="Interferon tau-2"
FT /id="PRO_0000154307"
FT CARBOHYD 78
FT /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT DISULFID 1..99
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT DISULFID 29..139
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT VARIANT 6
FT /note="D -> N (in IFN-tau2B and IFN-tau2C)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11416010"
FT VARIANT 135
FT /note="E -> V (in IFN-tau2C)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11416010"
FT VARIANT 146
FT /note="M -> V (in IFN-tau2C)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11416010"
SQ SEQUENCE 172 AA; 19892 MW; 30B19BE18540DE07 CRC64;
CYLSEDHMLG ARENLRLLAR MNRLSPHPCL QDRKDFGLPQ EMVEGNQLQK DQAISVLHEM
LQQCFNLFYT EHSSAAWNTT LLEQLCTGLQ QQLEDLDACL GQVMEEKDSD MGRMGPILTV
KKYFQGIHVY LKEKEYSDCA WEIIRMEMMR ALSSSTTLQK RLRKMGGDLN SL
