ID   IL10_MERUN              Reviewed;         178 AA.
AC   P47965;
DT   01-FEB-1996, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-FEB-1996, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 91.
DE   RecName: Full=Interleukin-10;
DE            Short=IL-10;
DE   AltName: Full=Cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor;
DE            Short=CSIF;
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=IL10;
OS   Meriones unguiculatus (Mongolian jird) (Gerbillus unguiculatus).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae;
OC   Gerbillinae; Meriones.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=10047;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RC   TISSUE=Spleen;
RA   Mai Z., Klei T.R.;
RL   Submitted (MAY-1995) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Major immune regulatory cytokine that acts on many cells of
CC       the immune system where it has profound anti-inflammatory functions,
CC       limiting excessive tissue disruption caused by inflammation.
CC       Mechanistically, IL10 binds to its heterotetrameric receptor comprising
CC       IL10RA and IL10RB leading to JAK1 and STAT2-mediated phosphorylation of
CC       STAT3. In turn, STAT3 translocates to the nucleus where it drives
CC       expression of anti-inflammatory mediators. Targets antigen-presenting
CC       cells (APCs) such as macrophages and monocytes and inhibits their
CC       release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including granulocyte-macrophage
CC       colony-stimulating factor /GM-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating
CC       factor/G-CSF, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha.
CC       Interferes also with antigen presentation by reducing the expression of
CC       MHC-class II and co-stimulatory molecules, thereby inhibiting their
CC       ability to induce T cell activation (By similarity). In addition,
CC       controls the inflammatory response of macrophages by reprogramming
CC       essential metabolic pathways including mTOR signaling (By similarity).
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P18893, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22301}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer. Interacts with IL10RA and IL10RB.
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22301}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22301}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IL-10 family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; L37781; AAA65677.1; -; mRNA.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; P47965; -.
DR   SMR; P47965; -.
DR   Ensembl; ENSMUGT00000028009; ENSMUGP00000024422; ENSMUGG00000020404.
DR   OrthoDB; 1389566at2759; -.
DR   GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0005125; F:cytokine activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0046983; F:protein dimerization activity; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0060670; P:branching involved in labyrinthine layer morphogenesis; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0035729; P:cellular response to hepatocyte growth factor stimulus; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0071222; P:cellular response to lipopolysaccharide; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0002439; P:chronic inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0042742; P:defense response to bacterium; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0042832; P:defense response to protozoan; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0010507; P:negative regulation of autophagy; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0030889; P:negative regulation of B cell proliferation; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0002875; P:negative regulation of chronic inflammatory response to antigenic stimulus; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0060302; P:negative regulation of cytokine activity; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0002719; P:negative regulation of cytokine production involved in immune response; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:2000352; P:negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0034115; P:negative regulation of heterotypic cell-cell adhesion; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:1903208; P:negative regulation of hydrogen peroxide-induced neuron death; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0050728; P:negative regulation of inflammatory response; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0032689; P:negative regulation of interferon-gamma production; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0032695; P:negative regulation of interleukin-12 production; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0032715; P:negative regulation of interleukin-6 production; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0051045; P:negative regulation of membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0045347; P:negative regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0030886; P:negative regulation of myeloid dendritic cell activation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0032720; P:negative regulation of tumor necrosis factor production; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:1904706; P:negative regulation of vascular associated smooth muscle cell proliferation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0002904; P:positive regulation of B cell apoptotic process; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0045787; P:positive regulation of cell cycle; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0001819; P:positive regulation of cytokine production; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0051091; P:positive regulation of DNA-binding transcription factor activity; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0001938; P:positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0002639; P:positive regulation of immunoglobulin production; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0045348; P:positive regulation of MHC class II biosynthetic process; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:1902895; P:positive regulation of miRNA transcription; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:1900100; P:positive regulation of plasma cell differentiation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0046427; P:positive regulation of receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:2000273; P:positive regulation of signaling receptor activity; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:1903672; P:positive regulation of sprouting angiogenesis; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0045944; P:positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0045893; P:positive regulation of transcription, DNA-templated; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:1903034; P:regulation of response to wounding; IEA:Ensembl.
DR   GO; GO:0051384; P:response to glucocorticoid; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0002237; P:response to molecule of bacterial origin; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   Gene3D; 1.20.1250.10; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR009079; 4_helix_cytokine-like_core.
DR   InterPro; IPR000098; IL-10.
DR   InterPro; IPR020443; IL-10/19/20/22/24/26_fam.
DR   InterPro; IPR020423; IL-10_CS.
DR   Pfam; PF00726; IL10; 1.
DR   PRINTS; PR01294; INTRLEUKIN10.
DR   SMART; SM00188; IL10; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF47266; SSF47266; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00520; INTERLEUKIN_10; 1.
PE   2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW   Cytokine; Disulfide bond; Glycoprotein; Secreted; Signal.
FT   SIGNAL          1..18
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   CHAIN           19..178
FT                   /note="Interleukin-10"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000015366"
FT   CARBOHYD        134
FT                   /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   DISULFID        30..126
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   DISULFID        80..132
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
SQ   SEQUENCE   178 AA;  20663 MW;  13170BB0E75C5FC4 CRC64;
     MPSSALLYCL ILLAGVRPSR GEYPRNESNC THFPVSQTHM LRELRAAFSQ VKTFFQKKDQ
     LDNILLTDSL QQDFKGYLGC QALSEMIQFY LVEVMPQAEN HGPEIKENLN SLGEKLKTLR
     MQLRRCHRFL PCENKSKAVE QVKNDFNKLQ EKGVYKAMNE FDIFINCIEA YMTIKMKS