ID   IL10_TRIVU              Reviewed;         174 AA.
AC   O97798;
DT   30-MAY-2000, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-MAY-1999, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 69.
DE   RecName: Full=Interleukin-10;
DE            Short=IL-10;
DE   AltName: Full=Cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor;
DE            Short=CSIF;
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=IL10;
OS   Trichosurus vulpecula (Brush-tailed possum).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Metatheria; Diprotodontia; Phalangeridae; Trichosurus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9337;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RX   PubMed=10520755; DOI=10.3109/10425179809105211;
RA   Wedlock D.N., Aldwell F.E., Buddle B.M.;
RT   "Nucleotide sequence of a marsupial interleukin-10 cDNA from the Australian
RT   brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula).";
RL   DNA Seq. 9:239-244(1998).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Major immune regulatory cytokine that acts on many cells of
CC       the immune system where it has profound anti-inflammatory functions,
CC       limiting excessive tissue disruption caused by inflammation.
CC       Mechanistically, IL10 binds to its heterotetrameric receptor comprising
CC       IL10RA and IL10RB leading to JAK1 and STAT2-mediated phosphorylation of
CC       STAT3. In turn, STAT3 translocates to the nucleus where it drives
CC       expression of anti-inflammatory mediators. Targets antigen-presenting
CC       cells (APCs) such as macrophages and monocytes and inhibits their
CC       release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including granulocyte-macrophage
CC       colony-stimulating factor /GM-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating
CC       factor/G-CSF, IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha.
CC       Interferes also with antigen presentation by reducing the expression of
CC       MHC-class II and co-stimulatory molecules, thereby inhibiting their
CC       ability to induce T cell activation (By similarity). In addition,
CC       controls the inflammatory response of macrophages by reprogramming
CC       essential metabolic pathways including mTOR signaling (By similarity).
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P18893, ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22301}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer. Interacts with IL10RA and IL10RB.
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22301}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P22301}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IL-10 family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; AF026277; AAD01799.1; -; mRNA.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; O97798; -.
DR   SMR; O97798; -.
DR   GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005125; F:cytokine activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0006955; P:immune response; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0001817; P:regulation of cytokine production; IEA:UniProt.
DR   Gene3D; 1.20.1250.10; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR009079; 4_helix_cytokine-like_core.
DR   InterPro; IPR000098; IL-10.
DR   InterPro; IPR020443; IL-10/19/20/22/24/26_fam.
DR   InterPro; IPR020423; IL-10_CS.
DR   Pfam; PF00726; IL10; 1.
DR   PRINTS; PR01294; INTRLEUKIN10.
DR   SMART; SM00188; IL10; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF47266; SSF47266; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS00520; INTERLEUKIN_10; 1.
PE   2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW   Cytokine; Disulfide bond; Glycoprotein; Secreted; Signal.
FT   SIGNAL          1..16
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   CHAIN           17..174
FT                   /note="Interleukin-10"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000015374"
FT   CARBOHYD        17
FT                   /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   DISULFID        26..122
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   DISULFID        76..128
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
SQ   SEQUENCE   174 AA;  20263 MW;  DA838DBF74DF9C06 CRC64;
     MPTWMLLFCL LCVTSSNLSS ALEDNCKTFS TTLPNMLREL RAAFSSVKTY FQTRDKLETK
     LIDKSLLEEL KSYLGCQALS EMIKFYLEEV MPRAEENELD VKEDVGSLGE KLKALRLRLK
     RCHRFLPCED NSRVVKQVRN TYKELQEQGV YKAMGDFDIF IGYMEEYLTM HIGK