ID   IL12A_CAPHI             Reviewed;         221 AA.
AC   O02814;
DT   15-JUL-1998, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-JUL-1997, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 91.
DE   RecName: Full=Interleukin-12 subunit alpha;
DE            Short=IL-12A;
DE   AltName: Full=Cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 35 kDa subunit;
DE            Short=CLMF p35;
DE   AltName: Full=IL-12 subunit p35;
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=IL12A;
OS   Capra hircus (Goat).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Artiodactyla; Ruminantia; Pecora; Bovidae;
OC   Caprinae; Capra.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9925;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RA   Beyer J.C., Kumpula-Mcwhirter N.M., Cheevers W.P.;
RT   "Caprine interleukin 12 35kD subunit.";
RL   Submitted (JUN-1997) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Heterodimerizes with IL12B to form the IL-12 cytokine or with
CC       EBI3/IL27B to form the IL-35 cytokine. IL-12 is primarily produced by
CC       professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as B-cells and
CC       dendritic cells (DCs) as well as macrophages and granulocytes and
CC       regulates T-cell and natural killer-cell responses, induces the
CC       production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), favors the differentiation
CC       of T-helper 1 (Th1) cells and is an important link between innate
CC       resistance and adaptive immunity. Mechanistically, exerts its
CC       biological effects through a receptor composed of IL12R1 and IL12R2
CC       subunits. Binding to the receptor results in the rapid tyrosine
CC       phosphorylation of a number of cellular substrates including the JAK
CC       family kinases TYK2 and JAK2. In turn, recruited STAT4 gets
CC       phosphorylated and translocates to the nucleus where it regulates
CC       cytokine/growth factor responsive genes (By similarity). As part of IL-
CC       35, plays essential roles in maintaining the immune homeostasis of the
CC       liver microenvironment and functions also as an immune-suppressive
CC       cytokine (By similarity). Mediates biological events through
CC       unconventional receptors composed of IL12RB2 and gp130/IL6ST
CC       heterodimers or homodimers. Signaling requires the transcription
CC       factors STAT1 and STAT4, which form a unique heterodimer that binds to
CC       distinct DNA sites (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P29459,
CC       ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P43431}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Heterodimer with IL12B; disulfide-linked. This heterodimer is
CC       known as interleukin IL-12. Heterodimer with EBI3/IL27B; not disulfide-
CC       linked. This heterodimer is known as interleukin IL-35.
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P29459}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P29459}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IL-6 superfamily. {ECO:0000305}.
CC   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC   Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms
CC   Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License
CC   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DR   EMBL; AF003542; AAB61287.1; -; mRNA.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001272567.1; NM_001285638.1.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; O02814; -.
DR   SMR; O02814; -.
DR   STRING; 9925.ENSCHIP00000026549; -.
DR   GeneID; 100861293; -.
DR   KEGG; chx:100861293; -.
DR   CTD; 3592; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 1409826at2759; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000291000; Unassembled WGS sequence.
DR   GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005125; F:cytokine activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0008083; F:growth factor activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005143; F:interleukin-12 receptor binding; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0006955; P:immune response; IEA:InterPro.
DR   Gene3D; 1.20.1250.10; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR009079; 4_helix_cytokine-like_core.
DR   InterPro; IPR004281; IL-12_alpha.
DR   Pfam; PF03039; IL12; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF47266; SSF47266; 1.
PE   2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW   Cytokine; Disulfide bond; Glycoprotein; Growth factor; Reference proteome;
KW   Secreted; Signal.
FT   SIGNAL          1..25
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   CHAIN           26..221
FT                   /note="Interleukin-12 subunit alpha"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000015599"
FT   CARBOHYD        95
FT                   /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   DISULFID        66..198
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   DISULFID        87..125
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   DISULFID        98
FT                   /note="Interchain (with C-200 in IL12B)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
SQ   SEQUENCE   221 AA;  24832 MW;  58031AAD87199357 CRC64;
     MCPLRSLLLI STLVLLHHLP HLSLGRSLPI TTAGPGRSCL DYSQNLLRAV SNTLQKARQT
     LEFYSCTSEE IDHEDITKDK TSTVEACLPL ELATNESCLA SRETSLITNG HCLASGKTSF
     MTTLCLRSIY KDLKMYHMEF QAINAKLLMD PKRQVSLDQN MLAAIAELMQ ALNFDSETVP
     QKPSLEELDF YKTKVKLCIL LHAFRIRAVT IDRMMSYLSS S