ID   IL12A_HORSE             Reviewed;         222 AA.
AC   Q9XSQ6;
DT   30-MAY-2000, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   01-NOV-1999, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 106.
DE   RecName: Full=Interleukin-12 subunit alpha;
DE            Short=IL-12A;
DE   AltName: Full=Cytotoxic lymphocyte maturation factor 35 kDa subunit;
DE            Short=CLMF p35;
DE   AltName: Full=IL-12 subunit p35;
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=IL12A;
OS   Equus caballus (Horse).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Laurasiatheria; Perissodactyla; Equidae; Equus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9796;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RX   PubMed=10541814; DOI=10.1007/s002510050693;
RA   Nicolson L., Penha-Goncalves M.N., Keanie J.L., Logan N.A., Argyle D.J.,
RA   Onions D.E.;
RT   "Cloning and sequencing of horse interleukin-12 and interleukin-18 cDNAs.";
RL   Immunogenetics 50:94-97(1999).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Heterodimerizes with IL12B to form the IL-12 cytokine or with
CC       EBI3/IL27B to form the IL-35 cytokine. IL-12 is primarily produced by
CC       professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs) such as B-cells and
CC       dendritic cells (DCs) as well as macrophages and granulocytes and
CC       regulates T-cell and natural killer-cell responses, induces the
CC       production of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), favors the differentiation
CC       of T-helper 1 (Th1) cells and is an important link between innate
CC       resistance and adaptive immunity. Mechanistically, exerts its
CC       biological effects through a receptor composed of IL12R1 and IL12R2
CC       subunits. Binding to the receptor results in the rapid tyrosine
CC       phosphorylation of a number of cellular substrates including the JAK
CC       family kinases TYK2 and JAK2. In turn, recruited STAT4 gets
CC       phosphorylated and translocates to the nucleus where it regulates
CC       cytokine/growth factor responsive genes (By similarity). As part of IL-
CC       35, plays essential roles in maintaining the immune homeostasis of the
CC       liver microenvironment and functions also as an immune-suppressive
CC       cytokine (By similarity). Mediates biological events through
CC       unconventional receptors composed of IL12RB2 and gp130/IL6ST
CC       heterodimers or homodimers. Signaling requires the transcription
CC       factors STAT1 and STAT4, which form a unique heterodimer that binds to
CC       distinct DNA sites (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P29459,
CC       ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P43431}.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Heterodimer with IL12B; disulfide-linked. This heterodimer is
CC       known as interleukin IL-12. Heterodimer with EBI3/IL27B; not disulfide-
CC       linked. This heterodimer is known as interleukin IL-35.
CC       {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P29459}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P29459}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IL-6 superfamily. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR   EMBL; Y11130; CAA72012.1; -; mRNA.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001075980.2; NM_001082511.2.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; Q9XSQ6; -.
DR   SMR; Q9XSQ6; -.
DR   STRING; 9796.ENSECAP00000022221; -.
DR   PaxDb; Q9XSQ6; -.
DR   GeneID; 100034215; -.
DR   KEGG; ecb:100034215; -.
DR   CTD; 3592; -.
DR   InParanoid; Q9XSQ6; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 1409826at2759; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000002281; Unplaced.
DR   GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005125; F:cytokine activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0008083; F:growth factor activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005143; F:interleukin-12 receptor binding; IEA:InterPro.
DR   GO; GO:0006955; P:immune response; IEA:InterPro.
DR   Gene3D; 1.20.1250.10; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR009079; 4_helix_cytokine-like_core.
DR   InterPro; IPR004281; IL-12_alpha.
DR   Pfam; PF03039; IL12; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF47266; SSF47266; 1.
PE   2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW   Cytokine; Disulfide bond; Glycoprotein; Growth factor; Reference proteome;
KW   Secreted; Signal.
FT   SIGNAL          1..25
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   CHAIN           26..222
FT                   /note="Interleukin-12 subunit alpha"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000015603"
FT   CARBOHYD        42
FT                   /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   CARBOHYD        96
FT                   /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   CARBOHYD        110
FT                   /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   DISULFID        67..199
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   DISULFID        88..126
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT   DISULFID        99
FT                   /note="Interchain (with C-200 in IL12B)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250"
SQ   SEQUENCE   222 AA;  24800 MW;  5AD6DA874CE7AD2A CRC64;
     MCPPRGLLLV AILVLLNHLD HLSLARNLPT ATPGPGMFQC LNHSQNLLRT VSNTLQKARQ
     TLEFYSCTSE EIDHEDITKD KSSTVAACLP LELAPNESCL ASREISFITN GSCLTPGKAS
     SMMTLCLSSI YEDLKMYQVE FKAMNAKLLI DPQRQIFLDE NMLTAIDKLM QALNFNSETV
     PQKPSLEGLD FYKTKVKLCI LLHAFRIRAV TINRMMGYLN AS