ID   IL21_RAT                Reviewed;         146 AA.
AC   A3QPB9;
DT   15-JAN-2008, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   03-APR-2007, sequence version 1.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 89.
DE   RecName: Full=Interleukin-21;
DE            Short=IL-21;
DE   Flags: Precursor;
GN   Name=Il21;
OS   Rattus norvegicus (Rat).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Glires; Rodentia; Myomorpha; Muroidea; Muridae;
OC   Murinae; Rattus.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=10116;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RC   STRAIN=Sprague-Dawley;
RA   Wu P.W.;
RL   Submitted (FEB-2006) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Cytokine with immunoregulatory activity. May promote the
CC       transition between innate and adaptive immunity. Induces the production
CC       of IgG(1) and IgG(3) in B-cells. Implicated in the generation and
CC       maintenance of T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and the formation of
CC       germinal-centers. Together with IL6, control the early generation of
CC       Tfh cells and are critical for an effective antibody response to acute
CC       viral infection (By similarity). May play a role in proliferation and
CC       maturation of natural killer (NK) cells in synergy with IL15. May
CC       regulate proliferation of mature B- and T-cells in response to
CC       activating stimuli. In synergy with IL15 and IL18 stimulates interferon
CC       gamma production in T-cells and NK cells (By similarity). During T-cell
CC       mediated immune response may inhibit dendritic cells (DC) activation
CC       and maturation (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9ES17,
CC       ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9HBE4}.
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9HBE4}.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IL-15/IL-21 family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
CC   Copyrighted by the UniProt Consortium, see https://www.uniprot.org/terms
CC   Distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY 4.0) License
CC   ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
DR   EMBL; DQ387062; ABD52001.1; -; mRNA.
DR   RefSeq; NP_001102413.1; NM_001108943.2.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; A3QPB9; -.
DR   SMR; A3QPB9; -.
DR   STRING; 10116.ENSRNOP00000023348; -.
DR   GlyGen; A3QPB9; 1 site.
DR   PaxDb; A3QPB9; -.
DR   Ensembl; ENSRNOT00000110753; ENSRNOP00000097142; ENSRNOG00000017376.
DR   GeneID; 365769; -.
DR   KEGG; rno:365769; -.
DR   UCSC; RGD:1307384; rat.
DR   CTD; 59067; -.
DR   RGD; 1307384; Il21.
DR   eggNOG; ENOG502SES1; Eukaryota.
DR   GeneTree; ENSGT00390000010494; -.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_127182_1_0_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; A3QPB9; -.
DR   OMA; MIHQHLR; -.
DR   OrthoDB; 1439856at2759; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; A3QPB9; -.
DR   TreeFam; TF336380; -.
DR   Reactome; R-RNO-9020958; Interleukin-21 signaling.
DR   PRO; PR:A3QPB9; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000002494; Chromosome 2.
DR   Bgee; ENSRNOG00000017376; Expressed in cerebellum and 5 other tissues.
DR   GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005125; F:cytokine activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   GO; GO:0005126; F:cytokine receptor binding; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0005134; F:interleukin-2 receptor binding; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0048469; P:cell maturation; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0098586; P:cellular response to virus; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0002314; P:germinal center B cell differentiation; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0030890; P:positive regulation of B cell proliferation; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0008284; P:positive regulation of cell population proliferation; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0001819; P:positive regulation of cytokine production; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0002639; P:positive regulation of immunoglobulin production; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0032729; P:positive regulation of interferon-gamma production; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0032733; P:positive regulation of interleukin-10 production; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0032740; P:positive regulation of interleukin-17 production; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0002729; P:positive regulation of natural killer cell cytokine production; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0032825; P:positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0045954; P:positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0042102; P:positive regulation of T cell proliferation; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0042531; P:positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein; ISO:RGD.
DR   GO; GO:0061470; P:T follicular helper cell differentiation; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0007260; P:tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein; ISO:RGD.
DR   Gene3D; 1.20.1250.70; -; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR009079; 4_helix_cytokine-like_core.
DR   InterPro; IPR003443; IL-15/IL-21_fam.
DR   PANTHER; PTHR14356; PTHR14356; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF02372; IL15; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF47266; SSF47266; 1.
PE   2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW   Cytokine; Disulfide bond; Glycoprotein; Reference proteome; Secreted;
KW   Signal.
FT   SIGNAL          1..17
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q76LU5"
FT   CHAIN           18..146
FT                   /note="Interleukin-21"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000313746"
FT   CARBOHYD        85
FT                   /note="N-linked (GlcNAc...) asparagine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT   DISULFID        64..115
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9HBE4"
FT   DISULFID        71..118
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9HBE4"
SQ   SEQUENCE   146 AA;  17065 MW;  48F80086BC2557B9 CRC64;
     MERTLVCLIL IFLGTVAHKS SPQRPDHLLI RLRHLMDIVE QLKIYENDLD PELLTAPQDV
     KGQCEHEAFA CFQKAKLKPS NTGNNKTFIN DLLAQLRRRL PAKRTGNKQR HMAKCPSCDL
     YEKKTPKEFL ERLKWLLQKM IHQHLS