IL2_MACMU
ID IL2_MACMU Reviewed; 154 AA.
AC P68291; P51498;
DT 25-OCT-2004, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 25-OCT-2004, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 102.
DE RecName: Full=Interleukin-2;
DE Short=IL-2;
DE AltName: Full=T-cell growth factor;
DE Short=TCGF;
DE Flags: Precursor;
GN Name=IL2;
OS Macaca mulatta (Rhesus macaque).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini;
OC Cercopithecidae; Cercopithecinae; Macaca.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9544;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RC TISSUE=Blood;
RX PubMed=7561102;
RA Villinger F.J., Brar S.S., Mayne A.E., Chikkala N., Ansari A.A.;
RT "Comparative sequence analysis of cytokine genes from human and nonhuman
RT primates.";
RL J. Immunol. 155:3946-3954(1995).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Cytokine produced by activated CD4-positive helper T-cells
CC and to a lesser extend activated CD8-positive T-cells and natural
CC killer (NK) cells that plays pivotal roles in the immune response and
CC tolerance. Binds to a receptor complex composed of either the high-
CC affinity trimeric IL-2R (IL2RA/CD25, IL2RB/CD122 and IL2RG/CD132) or
CC the low-affinity dimeric IL-2R (IL2RB and IL2RG). Interaction with the
CC receptor leads to oligomerization and conformation changes in the IL-2R
CC subunits resulting in downstream signaling starting with
CC phosphorylation of JAK1 and JAK3. In turn, JAK1 and JAK3 phosphorylate
CC the receptor to form a docking site leading to the phosphorylation of
CC several substrates including STAT5. This process leads to activation of
CC several pathways including STAT, phosphoinositide-3-kinase/PI3K and
CC mitogen-activated protein kinase/MAPK pathways. Functions as a T-cell
CC growth factor and can increase NK-cell cytolytic activity as well.
CC Promotes strong proliferation of activated B-cells and subsequently
CC immunoglobulin production. Plays a pivotal role in regulating the
CC adaptive immune system by controlling the survival and proliferation of
CC regulatory T-cells, which are required for the maintenance of immune
CC tolerance. Moreover, participates in the differentiation and
CC homeostasis of effector T-cell subsets, including Th1, Th2, Th17 as
CC well as memory CD8-positive T-cells. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P60568}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the IL-2 family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; U19847; AAB60400.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_001040595.1; NM_001047130.1.
DR AlphaFoldDB; P68291; -.
DR SMR; P68291; -.
DR STRING; 9544.ENSMMUP00000027764; -.
DR Ensembl; ENSMMUT00000029666; ENSMMUP00000027764; ENSMMUG00000021093.
DR GeneID; 708017; -.
DR KEGG; mcc:708017; -.
DR CTD; 3558; -.
DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSMMUG00000021093; -.
DR VGNC; VGNC:100237; IL2.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502RVR5; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00390000003555; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_124210_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; P68291; -.
DR OMA; NGVNNYE; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1491449at2759; -.
DR TreeFam; TF338200; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006718; Chromosome 5.
DR Bgee; ENSMMUG00000021093; Expressed in spleen.
DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005125; F:cytokine activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0008083; F:growth factor activity; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005134; F:interleukin-2 receptor binding; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0050798; P:activated T cell proliferation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0002250; P:adaptive immune response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0097192; P:extrinsic apoptotic signaling pathway in absence of ligand; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0002366; P:leukocyte activation involved in immune response; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0002903; P:negative regulation of B cell apoptotic process; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0050728; P:negative regulation of inflammatory response; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0050672; P:negative regulation of lymphocyte proliferation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:2000320; P:negative regulation of T-helper 17 cell differentiation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0042104; P:positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0030890; P:positive regulation of B cell proliferation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0032729; P:positive regulation of interferon-gamma production; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0032740; P:positive regulation of interleukin-17 production; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0048304; P:positive regulation of isotype switching to IgG isotypes; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:1900100; P:positive regulation of plasma cell differentiation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0045944; P:positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0042531; P:positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:2000561; P:regulation of CD4-positive, alpha-beta T cell proliferation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0046013; P:regulation of T cell homeostatic proliferation; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0006366; P:transcription by RNA polymerase II; IEA:Ensembl.
DR GO; GO:0007260; P:tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein; IEA:Ensembl.
DR Gene3D; 1.20.1250.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR009079; 4_helix_cytokine-like_core.
DR InterPro; IPR000779; IL-2.
DR InterPro; IPR030477; IL-2_CS.
DR Pfam; PF00715; IL2; 1.
DR PRINTS; PR00265; INTERLEUKIN2.
DR SMART; SM00189; IL2; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF47266; SSF47266; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS00424; INTERLEUKIN_2; 1.
PE 2: Evidence at transcript level;
KW Adaptive immunity; Cytokine; Disulfide bond; Glycoprotein; Growth factor;
KW Immunity; Reference proteome; Secreted; Signal.
FT SIGNAL 1..20
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT CHAIN 21..154
FT /note="Interleukin-2"
FT /id="PRO_0000015488"
FT CARBOHYD 23
FT /note="O-linked (GalNAc...) threonine"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
FT DISULFID 78..126
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250"
SQ SEQUENCE 154 AA; 17685 MW; 6AEBA480F204BA49 CRC64;
MYRMQLLSCI ALSLALVTNS APTSSSTKKT QLQLEHLLLD LQMILNGINN YKNPKLTRML
TFKFYMPKKA TELKHLQCLE EELKPLEEVL NLAQSKNFHL RDTKDLISNI NVIVLELKGS
ETTLMCEYAD ETATIVEFLN RWITFCQSII STLT
