KCS10_ARATH
ID KCS10_ARATH Reviewed; 550 AA.
AC Q570B4; O64846; Q9LDX6; Q9LLE3; Q9LLE4; Q9LLE5; Q9LLE6; Q9LLE7; Q9LLE8;
DT 05-SEP-2006, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 05-SEP-2006, sequence version 2.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 114.
DE RecName: Full=3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 10 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:18465198};
DE Short=KCS-10 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:18465198};
DE EC=2.3.1.199 {ECO:0000305};
DE AltName: Full=Protein FIDDLEHEAD {ECO:0000303|PubMed:10559443};
DE AltName: Full=Very long-chain fatty acid condensing enzyme 10 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:18465198};
DE Short=VLCFA condensing enzyme 10 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:18465198};
GN Name=FDH {ECO:0000303|PubMed:10559443};
GN Synonyms=EL4, KCS10 {ECO:0000303|PubMed:18465198};
GN OrderedLocusNames=At2g26250 {ECO:0000312|Araport:AT2G26250};
GN ORFNames=T1D16.11 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAC14526.1};
OS Arabidopsis thaliana (Mouse-ear cress).
OC Eukaryota; Viridiplantae; Streptophyta; Embryophyta; Tracheophyta;
OC Spermatophyta; Magnoliopsida; eudicotyledons; Gunneridae; Pentapetalae;
OC rosids; malvids; Brassicales; Brassicaceae; Camelineae; Arabidopsis.
OX NCBI_TaxID=3702;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], FUNCTION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, TISSUE
RP SPECIFICITY, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=10559443; DOI=10.2307/3871018;
RA Yephremov A., Wisman E., Huijser P., Huijser C., Wellesen K., Saedler H.;
RT "Characterization of the FIDDLEHEAD gene of Arabidopsis reveals a link
RT between adhesion response and cell differentiation in the epidermis.";
RL Plant Cell 11:2187-2201(1999).
RN [2]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA], FUNCTION, TISSUE SPECIFICITY,
RP DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, AND MUTAGENESIS OF GLY-256; GLU-497; GLY-514;
RP 346-SER--LEU-550; 353-GLU--LEU-550; 390-GLN--LEU-550 AND 509-TRP--LEU-550.
RC STRAIN=cv. Landsberg erecta;
RX PubMed=10655527; DOI=10.1073/pnas.97.3.1311;
RA Pruitt R.E., Vielle-Calzada J.-P., Ploense S.E., Grossniklaus U.,
RA Lolle S.J.;
RT "FIDDLEHEAD, a gene required to suppress epidermal cell interactions in
RT Arabidopsis, encodes a putative lipid biosynthetic enzyme.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 97:1311-1316(2000).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=10617197; DOI=10.1038/45471;
RA Lin X., Kaul S., Rounsley S.D., Shea T.P., Benito M.-I., Town C.D.,
RA Fujii C.Y., Mason T.M., Bowman C.L., Barnstead M.E., Feldblyum T.V.,
RA Buell C.R., Ketchum K.A., Lee J.J., Ronning C.M., Koo H.L., Moffat K.S.,
RA Cronin L.A., Shen M., Pai G., Van Aken S., Umayam L., Tallon L.J.,
RA Gill J.E., Adams M.D., Carrera A.J., Creasy T.H., Goodman H.M.,
RA Somerville C.R., Copenhaver G.P., Preuss D., Nierman W.C., White O.,
RA Eisen J.A., Salzberg S.L., Fraser C.M., Venter J.C.;
RT "Sequence and analysis of chromosome 2 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Nature 402:761-768(1999).
RN [4]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=27862469; DOI=10.1111/tpj.13415;
RA Cheng C.Y., Krishnakumar V., Chan A.P., Thibaud-Nissen F., Schobel S.,
RA Town C.D.;
RT "Araport11: a complete reannotation of the Arabidopsis thaliana reference
RT genome.";
RL Plant J. 89:789-804(2017).
RN [5]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RX PubMed=14593172; DOI=10.1126/science.1088305;
RA Yamada K., Lim J., Dale J.M., Chen H., Shinn P., Palm C.J., Southwick A.M.,
RA Wu H.C., Kim C.J., Nguyen M., Pham P.K., Cheuk R.F., Karlin-Newmann G.,
RA Liu S.X., Lam B., Sakano H., Wu T., Yu G., Miranda M., Quach H.L.,
RA Tripp M., Chang C.H., Lee J.M., Toriumi M.J., Chan M.M., Tang C.C.,
RA Onodera C.S., Deng J.M., Akiyama K., Ansari Y., Arakawa T., Banh J.,
RA Banno F., Bowser L., Brooks S.Y., Carninci P., Chao Q., Choy N., Enju A.,
RA Goldsmith A.D., Gurjal M., Hansen N.F., Hayashizaki Y., Johnson-Hopson C.,
RA Hsuan V.W., Iida K., Karnes M., Khan S., Koesema E., Ishida J., Jiang P.X.,
RA Jones T., Kawai J., Kamiya A., Meyers C., Nakajima M., Narusaka M.,
RA Seki M., Sakurai T., Satou M., Tamse R., Vaysberg M., Wallender E.K.,
RA Wong C., Yamamura Y., Yuan S., Shinozaki K., Davis R.W., Theologis A.,
RA Ecker J.R.;
RT "Empirical analysis of transcriptional activity in the Arabidopsis
RT genome.";
RL Science 302:842-846(2003).
RN [6]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] OF 455-550.
RC STRAIN=cv. Columbia;
RA Totoki Y., Seki M., Ishida J., Nakajima M., Enju A., Kamiya A.,
RA Narusaka M., Shin-i T., Nakagawa M., Sakamoto N., Oishi K., Kohara Y.,
RA Kobayashi M., Toyoda A., Sakaki Y., Sakurai T., Iida K., Akiyama K.,
RA Satou M., Toyoda T., Konagaya A., Carninci P., Kawai J., Hayashizaki Y.,
RA Shinozaki K.;
RT "Large-scale analysis of RIKEN Arabidopsis full-length (RAFL) cDNAs.";
RL Submitted (MAR-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN [7]
RP FUNCTION, AND MUTAGENESIS OF 346-SER--LEU-550.
RX PubMed=1644226; DOI=10.1016/0012-1606(92)90145-7;
RA Lolle S.J., Cheung A.Y., Sussex I.M.;
RT "Fiddlehead: an Arabidopsis mutant constitutively expressing an organ
RT fusion program that involves interactions between epidermal cells.";
RL Dev. Biol. 152:383-392(1992).
RN [8]
RP FUNCTION, AND MUTAGENESIS OF 346-SER--LEU-550.
RX PubMed=8416837; DOI=10.1006/dbio.1993.1022;
RA Lolle S.J., Cheung A.Y.;
RT "Promiscuous germination and growth of wildtype pollen from Arabidopsis and
RT related species on the shoot of the Arabidopsis mutant, fiddlehead.";
RL Dev. Biol. 155:250-258(1993).
RN [9]
RP FUNCTION.
RX PubMed=9299123; DOI=10.1006/dbio.1997.8671;
RA Lolle S.J., Berlyn G.P., Engstrom E.M., Krolikowski K.A., Reiter W.-D.,
RA Pruitt R.E.;
RT "Developmental regulation of cell interactions in the Arabidopsis
RT fiddlehead-1 mutant: a role for the epidermal cell wall and cuticle.";
RL Dev. Biol. 189:311-321(1997).
RN [10]
RP FUNCTION, AND MUTAGENESIS OF GLY-256; GLU-497; GLY-514; 346-SER--LEU-550;
RP 390-GLN--LEU-550 AND 509-TRP--LEU-550.
RX PubMed=9611177; DOI=10.1093/genetics/149.2.607;
RA Lolle S.J., Hsu W., Pruitt R.E.;
RT "Genetic analysis of organ fusion in Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Genetics 149:607-619(1998).
RN [11]
RP INDUCTION, AND GENE FAMILY.
RX PubMed=12916765; DOI=10.1002/ps.714;
RA Lechelt-Kunze C., Meissner R.C., Drewes M., Tietjen K.;
RT "Flufenacet herbicide treatment phenocopies the fiddlehead mutant in
RT Arabidopsis thaliana.";
RL Pest Manag. Sci. 59:847-856(2003).
RN [12]
RP GENE FAMILY, NOMENCLATURE, 3D-STRUCTURE MODELING, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION,
RP TISSUE SPECIFICITY, AND INDUCTION.
RX PubMed=18465198; DOI=10.1007/s11103-008-9339-z;
RA Joubes J., Raffaele S., Bourdenx B., Garcia C., Laroche-Traineau J.,
RA Moreau P., Domergue F., Lessire R.;
RT "The VLCFA elongase gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana: phylogenetic
RT analysis, 3D modelling and expression profiling.";
RL Plant Mol. Biol. 67:547-566(2008).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Contributes to cuticular wax and suberin biosynthesis.
CC Prevents the postgenital fusion of epiderm cells in organs in contact,
CC as well as ectopic pollen hydration and germination. Required during
CC ovules formation. May regulate an epidermis-specific developmental
CC program during gynoecial ontogeny. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10559443,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:10655527, ECO:0000269|PubMed:1644226,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:8416837, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9299123,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:9611177}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=a very-long-chain acyl-CoA + H(+) + malonyl-CoA = a very-long-
CC chain 3-oxoacyl-CoA + CO2 + CoA; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:32727,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:15378, ChEBI:CHEBI:16526, ChEBI:CHEBI:57287,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:57384, ChEBI:CHEBI:90725, ChEBI:CHEBI:90736;
CC EC=2.3.1.199; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
CC -!- PATHWAY: Lipid metabolism; fatty acid biosynthesis.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Endoplasmic reticulum membrane
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:18465198}; Multi-pass membrane protein
CC {ECO:0000255}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Mostly expressed in epidermal cells of floral and
CC vegetative meristems and, to a lower extent, of leaves and coleoptiles,
CC especially in young tissues. Also present in trichomes and phloem
CC (PubMed:10559443, PubMed:10655527). Expressed in siliques, seedlings,
CC flowers and leaves (PubMed:18465198). {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10559443,
CC ECO:0000269|PubMed:10655527, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18465198}.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed in prefusion carpel abaxial and adaxial
CC epidermis. Accumulates in ovule primordia, but restricted to chalaza in
CC mature ovules. Also present in cells of stigmatic papillae, at the
CC margins of ovules, and around the embryo sac.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10559443, ECO:0000269|PubMed:10655527}.
CC -!- INDUCTION: Repressed by herbicides such as flufenacet and benfuresate
CC (PubMed:12916765). Down-regulated by darkness and low temperature, and
CC up-regulated by salt and osmotic stress (PubMed:18465198).
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:12916765, ECO:0000269|PubMed:18465198}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: In additions to several malformations due to
CC organ fusion, plants lacking FDH demonstrate an enhanced cell wall
CC permeability, reduced trichome formation, and are female sterile.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10559443}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: Called 'FIDDLEHEAD' because of the shape of mutants, in
CC which adhering floral buds cause curling of inflorescence, resulting in
CC structures reminiscent of fern fiddlehead.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the thiolase-like superfamily. Chalcone/stilbene
CC synthases family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC -!- SEQUENCE CAUTION:
CC Sequence=AAF73974.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction;
CC Sequence=AAF73975.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction;
CC Sequence=AAF73977.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction;
CC Sequence=AAF73978.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction;
CC Sequence=AAF73981.1; Type=Erroneous gene model prediction;
CC Sequence=BAD94049.1; Type=Erroneous initiation; Note=Truncated N-terminus.; Evidence={ECO:0000305};
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DR EMBL; AJ010713; CAA09311.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AH009409; AAF73973.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AH009410; AAF73974.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AH009411; AAF73975.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AH009412; AAF73976.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AH009413; AAF73977.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AH009414; AAF73978.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AH009415; AAF73979.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AH009416; AAF73980.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AH009417; AAF73981.1; ALT_SEQ; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AC004484; AAC14526.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; CP002685; AEC07813.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY039563; AAK62618.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AY149961; AAN31115.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AF337910; AAG60062.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; BT002360; AAN86193.1; -; mRNA.
DR EMBL; AK220796; BAD94049.1; ALT_INIT; mRNA.
DR PIR; B84658; B84658.
DR RefSeq; NP_180193.1; NM_128182.4.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q570B4; -.
DR SMR; Q570B4; -.
DR BioGRID; 2517; 3.
DR STRING; 3702.AT2G26250.1; -.
DR iPTMnet; Q570B4; -.
DR PaxDb; Q570B4; -.
DR PRIDE; Q570B4; -.
DR ProteomicsDB; 247146; -.
DR EnsemblPlants; AT2G26250.1; AT2G26250.1; AT2G26250.
DR GeneID; 817165; -.
DR Gramene; AT2G26250.1; AT2G26250.1; AT2G26250.
DR KEGG; ath:AT2G26250; -.
DR Araport; AT2G26250; -.
DR TAIR; locus:2057706; AT2G26250.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502QU93; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_013238_2_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q570B4; -.
DR OMA; YELSHIV; -.
DR OrthoDB; 801187at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q570B4; -.
DR BioCyc; ARA:AT2G26250-MON; -.
DR UniPathway; UPA00094; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q570B4; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000006548; Chromosome 2.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q570B4; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; Q570B4; AT.
DR GO; GO:0005783; C:endoplasmic reticulum; IDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0005789; C:endoplasmic reticulum membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0016021; C:integral component of membrane; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0005777; C:peroxisome; HDA:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0102756; F:very-long-chain 3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-EC.
DR GO; GO:0006633; P:fatty acid biosynthetic process; IEA:UniProtKB-UniPathway.
DR GO; GO:0009409; P:response to cold; IEP:TAIR.
DR GO; GO:0009416; P:response to light stimulus; IEP:TAIR.
DR Gene3D; 3.40.47.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR012392; 3-ktacl-CoA_syn.
DR InterPro; IPR013747; ACP_syn_III_C.
DR InterPro; IPR013601; FAE1_typ3_polyketide_synth.
DR InterPro; IPR016039; Thiolase-like.
DR PANTHER; PTHR31561; PTHR31561; 1.
DR Pfam; PF08541; ACP_syn_III_C; 1.
DR Pfam; PF08392; FAE1_CUT1_RppA; 1.
DR PIRSF; PIRSF036417; 3-ktacl-CoA_syn; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF53901; SSF53901; 2.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Acyltransferase; Endoplasmic reticulum; Membrane; Reference proteome;
KW Transferase; Transmembrane; Transmembrane helix.
FT CHAIN 1..550
FT /note="3-ketoacyl-CoA synthase 10"
FT /id="PRO_0000249102"
FT TRANSMEM 62..82
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT TRANSMEM 96..116
FT /note="Helical"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT DOMAIN 113..402
FT /note="FAE"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255"
FT ACT_SITE 257
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q38860"
FT ACT_SITE 336
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q38860"
FT ACT_SITE 446
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q38860"
FT ACT_SITE 450
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q38860"
FT ACT_SITE 479
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q38860"
FT ACT_SITE 483
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q38860"
FT MUTAGEN 256
FT /note="G->R: In fdh-6; constitutive postgenital fusion
FT between floral organs and some leaves, which result in
FT malformations including abnormal ovules development."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:10655527,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:9611177"
FT MUTAGEN 346..351
FT /note="SVYQEE->FHSFWY: In fdh-1 and fdh-2; constitutive
FT postgenital fusion between floral organs and some leaves,
FT which result in malformations. Ectopic germination of
FT pollen aerial organs."
FT MUTAGEN 352..550
FT /note="Missing: In fdh-1 and fdh-2; constitutive
FT postgenital fusion between floral organs and some leaves,
FT which result in malformations. Ectopic germination of
FT pollen aerial organs."
FT MUTAGEN 353..550
FT /note="Missing: In fdh-9; constitutive postgenital fusion
FT between floral organs and some leaves, which result in
FT malformations."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:10655527"
FT MUTAGEN 390..550
FT /note="Missing: In fdh-4; constitutive postgenital fusion
FT between floral organs and some leaves, which result in
FT malformations."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:10655527,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:9611177"
FT MUTAGEN 497
FT /note="E->K: In fdh-7; constitutive postgenital fusion
FT between floral organs and some leaves, which result in
FT malformations."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:10655527,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:9611177"
FT MUTAGEN 509..550
FT /note="Missing: In fdh-5; constitutive postgenital fusion
FT between floral organs and some leaves, which result in
FT malformations including abnormal ovules development."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:10655527,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:9611177"
FT MUTAGEN 514
FT /note="G->D: In fdh-3; constitutive postgenital fusion
FT between floral organs and some leaves, which result in
FT malformations."
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:10655527,
FT ECO:0000269|PubMed:9611177"
FT CONFLICT 256
FT /note="G -> R (in Ref. 2; AAF73979)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 455
FT /note="V -> L (in Ref. 6; BAD94049)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 497
FT /note="E -> K (in Ref. 2; AAF73980)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 514
FT /note="G -> D (in Ref. 2; AAF73976)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 550 AA; 61961 MW; 5DB3368601EDF174 CRC64;
MGRSNEQDLL STEIVNRGIE PSGPNAGSPT FSVRVRRRLP DFLQSVNLKY VKLGYHYLIN
HAVYLATIPV LVLVFSAEVG SLSREEIWKK LWDYDLATVI GFFGVFVLTA CVYFMSRPRS
VYLIDFACYK PSDEHKVTKE EFIELARKSG KFDEETLGFK KRILQASGIG DETYVPRSIS
SSENITTMKE GREEASTVIF GALDELFEKT RVKPKDVGVL VVNCSIFNPT PSLSAMVINH
YKMRGNILSY NLGGMGCSAG IIAIDLARDM LQSNPNSYAV VVSTEMVGYN WYVGSDKSMV
IPNCFFRMGC SAVMLSNRRR DFRHAKYRLE HIVRTHKAAD DRSFRSVYQE EDEQGFKGLK
ISRDLMEVGG EALKTNITTL GPLVLPFSEQ LLFFAALLRR TFSPAAKTST TTSFSTSATA
KTNGIKSSSS DLSKPYIPDY KLAFEHFCFH AASKVVLEEL QKNLGLSEEN MEASRMTLHR
FGNTSSSGIW YELAYMEAKE SVRRGDRVWQ IAFGSGFKCN SVVWKAMRKV KKPTRNNPWV
DCINRYPVPL
