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MAAI_HUMAN
ID   MAAI_HUMAN              Reviewed;         216 AA.
AC   O43708; A6NED0; A6NNB8; A8MWD7; B2RCK3; O15308; O75430; Q6IB17; Q7Z610;
AC   Q9BV63;
DT   15-DEC-1998, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT   24-NOV-2009, sequence version 3.
DT   03-AUG-2022, entry version 217.
DE   RecName: Full=Maleylacetoacetate isomerase;
DE            Short=MAAI;
DE            EC=5.2.1.2;
DE   AltName: Full=GSTZ1-1;
DE   AltName: Full=Glutathione S-transferase zeta 1;
DE            EC=2.5.1.18;
GN   Name=GSTZ1; Synonyms=MAAI;
OS   Homo sapiens (Human).
OC   Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi; Mammalia;
OC   Eutheria; Euarchontoglires; Primates; Haplorrhini; Catarrhini; Hominidae;
OC   Homo.
OX   NCBI_TaxID=9606;
RN   [1]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), CHARACTERIZATION, AND VARIANTS
RP   GLY-42 AND THR-82.
RX   PubMed=9417084; DOI=10.1074/jbc.273.1.329;
RA   Fernandez-Canon J.M., Penalva M.A.;
RT   "Characterization of a fungal maleylacetoacetate isomerase gene and
RT   identification of its human homologue.";
RL   J. Biol. Chem. 273:329-337(1998).
RN   [2]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA / MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), VARIANT THR-82, AND
RP   CHARACTERIZATION.
RX   PubMed=9396740; DOI=10.1042/bj3280929;
RA   Board P.G., Baker R.T., Chelvanayagam G., Jermiin L.S.;
RT   "Zeta, a novel class of glutathione transferases in a range of species from
RT   plants to humans.";
RL   Biochem. J. 328:929-935(1997).
RN   [3]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (ISOFORM 1), AND VARIANTS GLU-32; GLY-42
RP   AND THR-82.
RX   PubMed=9925947; DOI=10.1159/000015145;
RA   Blackburn A.C., Woollatt E., Sutherland G.R., Board P.G.;
RT   "Characterization and chromosome location of the gene GSTZ1 encoding the
RT   human zeta class glutathione transferase and maleylacetoacetate
RT   isomerase.";
RL   Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 83:109-114(1998).
RN   [4]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (ISOFORM 1), AND VARIANTS GLY-42 AND
RP   THR-82.
RX   PubMed=10373324; DOI=10.1006/geno.1999.5832;
RA   Fernandez-Canon J.M., Hejna J., Reifsteck C., Olson S., Grompe M.;
RT   "Gene structure, chromosomal location, and expression pattern of
RT   maleylacetoacetate isomerase.";
RL   Genomics 58:263-269(1999).
RN   [5]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 2), AND VARIANT THR-82.
RC   TISSUE=Skeletal muscle;
RX   PubMed=14702039; DOI=10.1038/ng1285;
RA   Ota T., Suzuki Y., Nishikawa T., Otsuki T., Sugiyama T., Irie R.,
RA   Wakamatsu A., Hayashi K., Sato H., Nagai K., Kimura K., Makita H.,
RA   Sekine M., Obayashi M., Nishi T., Shibahara T., Tanaka T., Ishii S.,
RA   Yamamoto J., Saito K., Kawai Y., Isono Y., Nakamura Y., Nagahari K.,
RA   Murakami K., Yasuda T., Iwayanagi T., Wagatsuma M., Shiratori A., Sudo H.,
RA   Hosoiri T., Kaku Y., Kodaira H., Kondo H., Sugawara M., Takahashi M.,
RA   Kanda K., Yokoi T., Furuya T., Kikkawa E., Omura Y., Abe K., Kamihara K.,
RA   Katsuta N., Sato K., Tanikawa M., Yamazaki M., Ninomiya K., Ishibashi T.,
RA   Yamashita H., Murakawa K., Fujimori K., Tanai H., Kimata M., Watanabe M.,
RA   Hiraoka S., Chiba Y., Ishida S., Ono Y., Takiguchi S., Watanabe S.,
RA   Yosida M., Hotuta T., Kusano J., Kanehori K., Takahashi-Fujii A., Hara H.,
RA   Tanase T.-O., Nomura Y., Togiya S., Komai F., Hara R., Takeuchi K.,
RA   Arita M., Imose N., Musashino K., Yuuki H., Oshima A., Sasaki N.,
RA   Aotsuka S., Yoshikawa Y., Matsunawa H., Ichihara T., Shiohata N., Sano S.,
RA   Moriya S., Momiyama H., Satoh N., Takami S., Terashima Y., Suzuki O.,
RA   Nakagawa S., Senoh A., Mizoguchi H., Goto Y., Shimizu F., Wakebe H.,
RA   Hishigaki H., Watanabe T., Sugiyama A., Takemoto M., Kawakami B.,
RA   Yamazaki M., Watanabe K., Kumagai A., Itakura S., Fukuzumi Y., Fujimori Y.,
RA   Komiyama M., Tashiro H., Tanigami A., Fujiwara T., Ono T., Yamada K.,
RA   Fujii Y., Ozaki K., Hirao M., Ohmori Y., Kawabata A., Hikiji T.,
RA   Kobatake N., Inagaki H., Ikema Y., Okamoto S., Okitani R., Kawakami T.,
RA   Noguchi S., Itoh T., Shigeta K., Senba T., Matsumura K., Nakajima Y.,
RA   Mizuno T., Morinaga M., Sasaki M., Togashi T., Oyama M., Hata H.,
RA   Watanabe M., Komatsu T., Mizushima-Sugano J., Satoh T., Shirai Y.,
RA   Takahashi Y., Nakagawa K., Okumura K., Nagase T., Nomura N., Kikuchi H.,
RA   Masuho Y., Yamashita R., Nakai K., Yada T., Nakamura Y., Ohara O.,
RA   Isogai T., Sugano S.;
RT   "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human
RT   cDNAs.";
RL   Nat. Genet. 36:40-45(2004).
RN   [6]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), AND VARIANTS GLY-42 AND
RP   THR-82.
RA   Ebert L., Schick M., Neubert P., Schatten R., Henze S., Korn B.;
RT   "Cloning of human full open reading frames in Gateway(TM) system entry
RT   vector (pDONR201).";
RL   Submitted (JUN-2004) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [7]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA] (ISOFORM 1), AND VARIANTS GLU-32; GLY-42;
RP   THR-82 AND HIS-133.
RG   NIEHS SNPs program;
RL   Submitted (JUN-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [8]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANTS GLU-32 AND
RP   GLY-42.
RX   PubMed=12508121; DOI=10.1038/nature01348;
RA   Heilig R., Eckenberg R., Petit J.-L., Fonknechten N., Da Silva C.,
RA   Cattolico L., Levy M., Barbe V., De Berardinis V., Ureta-Vidal A.,
RA   Pelletier E., Vico V., Anthouard V., Rowen L., Madan A., Qin S., Sun H.,
RA   Du H., Pepin K., Artiguenave F., Robert C., Cruaud C., Bruels T.,
RA   Jaillon O., Friedlander L., Samson G., Brottier P., Cure S., Segurens B.,
RA   Aniere F., Samain S., Crespeau H., Abbasi N., Aiach N., Boscus D.,
RA   Dickhoff R., Dors M., Dubois I., Friedman C., Gouyvenoux M., James R.,
RA   Madan A., Mairey-Estrada B., Mangenot S., Martins N., Menard M., Oztas S.,
RA   Ratcliffe A., Shaffer T., Trask B., Vacherie B., Bellemere C., Belser C.,
RA   Besnard-Gonnet M., Bartol-Mavel D., Boutard M., Briez-Silla S.,
RA   Combette S., Dufosse-Laurent V., Ferron C., Lechaplais C., Louesse C.,
RA   Muselet D., Magdelenat G., Pateau E., Petit E., Sirvain-Trukniewicz P.,
RA   Trybou A., Vega-Czarny N., Bataille E., Bluet E., Bordelais I., Dubois M.,
RA   Dumont C., Guerin T., Haffray S., Hammadi R., Muanga J., Pellouin V.,
RA   Robert D., Wunderle E., Gauguet G., Roy A., Sainte-Marthe L., Verdier J.,
RA   Verdier-Discala C., Hillier L.W., Fulton L., McPherson J., Matsuda F.,
RA   Wilson R., Scarpelli C., Gyapay G., Wincker P., Saurin W., Quetier F.,
RA   Waterston R., Hood L., Weissenbach J.;
RT   "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 14.";
RL   Nature 421:601-607(2003).
RN   [9]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA], AND VARIANTS GLU-32 AND
RP   GLY-42.
RA   Mural R.J., Istrail S., Sutton G.G., Florea L., Halpern A.L., Mobarry C.M.,
RA   Lippert R., Walenz B., Shatkay H., Dew I., Miller J.R., Flanigan M.J.,
RA   Edwards N.J., Bolanos R., Fasulo D., Halldorsson B.V., Hannenhalli S.,
RA   Turner R., Yooseph S., Lu F., Nusskern D.R., Shue B.C., Zheng X.H.,
RA   Zhong F., Delcher A.L., Huson D.H., Kravitz S.A., Mouchard L., Reinert K.,
RA   Remington K.A., Clark A.G., Waterman M.S., Eichler E.E., Adams M.D.,
RA   Hunkapiller M.W., Myers E.W., Venter J.C.;
RL   Submitted (JUL-2005) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases.
RN   [10]
RP   NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA] (ISOFORM 1), AND VARIANTS GLU-32 AND
RP   GLY-42.
RC   TISSUE=Placenta;
RX   PubMed=15489334; DOI=10.1101/gr.2596504;
RG   The MGC Project Team;
RT   "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project:
RT   the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).";
RL   Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004).
RN   [11]
RP   CHARACTERIZATION.
RX   PubMed=9531472; DOI=10.1042/bj3310371;
RA   Tong Z., Board P.G., Anders M.W.;
RT   "Glutathione transferase zeta catalyses the oxygenation of the carcinogen
RT   dichloroacetic acid to glyoxylic acid.";
RL   Biochem. J. 331:371-374(1998).
RN   [12]
RP   ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT LYS-32, AND IDENTIFICATION BY MASS
RP   SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
RX   PubMed=19608861; DOI=10.1126/science.1175371;
RA   Choudhary C., Kumar C., Gnad F., Nielsen M.L., Rehman M., Walther T.C.,
RA   Olsen J.V., Mann M.;
RT   "Lysine acetylation targets protein complexes and co-regulates major
RT   cellular functions.";
RL   Science 325:834-840(2009).
RN   [13]
RP   IDENTIFICATION BY MASS SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
RX   PubMed=21269460; DOI=10.1186/1752-0509-5-17;
RA   Burkard T.R., Planyavsky M., Kaupe I., Breitwieser F.P., Buerckstuemmer T.,
RA   Bennett K.L., Superti-Furga G., Colinge J.;
RT   "Initial characterization of the human central proteome.";
RL   BMC Syst. Biol. 5:17-17(2011).
RN   [14]
RP   ACETYLATION [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS] AT MET-1, AND IDENTIFICATION BY MASS
RP   SPECTROMETRY [LARGE SCALE ANALYSIS].
RX   PubMed=22814378; DOI=10.1073/pnas.1210303109;
RA   Van Damme P., Lasa M., Polevoda B., Gazquez C., Elosegui-Artola A.,
RA   Kim D.S., De Juan-Pardo E., Demeyer K., Hole K., Larrea E., Timmerman E.,
RA   Prieto J., Arnesen T., Sherman F., Gevaert K., Aldabe R.;
RT   "N-terminal acetylome analyses and functional insights of the N-terminal
RT   acetyltransferase NatB.";
RL   Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 109:12449-12454(2012).
RN   [15]
RP   INVOLVEMENT IN MAAID, VARIANTS MAAID 87-ARG--ALA-216 DEL; MET-99 AND
RP   VAL-150, AND CHARACTERIZATION OF VARIANTS MAAID MET-99 AND VAL-150.
RX   PubMed=27876694; DOI=10.1136/jmedgenet-2016-104289;
RG   Quebec NTBC Study Group;
RA   Yang H., Al-Hertani W., Cyr D., Laframboise R., Parizeault G., Wang S.P.,
RA   Rossignol F., Berthier M.T., Giguere Y., Waters P.J., Mitchell G.A.;
RT   "Hypersuccinylacetonaemia and normal liver function in maleylacetoacetate
RT   isomerase deficiency.";
RL   J. Med. Genet. 54:241-247(2017).
RN   [16]
RP   VARIANTS GLU-32 AND GLY-42, FUNCTION, AND CATALYTIC ACTIVITY.
RX   PubMed=10739172; DOI=10.1097/00008571-200002000-00007;
RA   Blackburn A.C., Tzeng H.F., Anders M.W., Board P.G.;
RT   "Discovery of a functional polymorphism in human glutathione transferase
RT   zeta by expressed sequence tag database analysis.";
RL   Pharmacogenetics 10:49-57(2000).
RN   [17]
RP   X-RAY CRYSTALLOGRAPHY (1.9 ANGSTROMS) IN COMPLEX WITH GLUTATHIONE, AND
RP   SUBUNIT.
RX   PubMed=11327815; DOI=10.1021/bi002249z;
RA   Polekhina G., Board P.G., Blackburn A.C., Parker M.W.;
RT   "Crystal structure of maleylacetoacetate isomerase/glutathione transferase
RT   zeta reveals the molecular basis for its remarkable catalytic
RT   promiscuity.";
RL   Biochemistry 40:1567-1576(2001).
CC   -!- FUNCTION: Bifunctional enzyme showing minimal glutathione-conjugating
CC       activity with ethacrynic acid and 7-chloro-4-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-
CC       diazole and maleylacetoacetate isomerase activity. Has also low
CC       glutathione peroxidase activity with T-butyl and cumene hydroperoxides.
CC       Is able to catalyze the glutathione dependent oxygenation of
CC       dichloroacetic acid to glyoxylic acid. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:10739172}.
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=4-maleylacetoacetate = 4-fumarylacetoacetate;
CC         Xref=Rhea:RHEA:14817, ChEBI:CHEBI:17105, ChEBI:CHEBI:18034;
CC         EC=5.2.1.2; Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:10739172};
CC   -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC       Reaction=glutathione + RX = a halide anion + an S-substituted
CC         glutathione + H(+); Xref=Rhea:RHEA:16437, ChEBI:CHEBI:15378,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:16042, ChEBI:CHEBI:17792, ChEBI:CHEBI:57925,
CC         ChEBI:CHEBI:90779; EC=2.5.1.18;
CC         Evidence={ECO:0000269|PubMed:10739172};
CC   -!- COFACTOR:
CC       Name=glutathione; Xref=ChEBI:CHEBI:57925;
CC       Note=Glutathione is required for the MAAI activity.;
CC   -!- PATHWAY: Amino-acid degradation; L-phenylalanine degradation;
CC       acetoacetate and fumarate from L-phenylalanine: step 5/6.
CC   -!- SUBUNIT: Homodimer. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:11327815}.
CC   -!- INTERACTION:
CC       O43708; Q5SYC1: CLVS2; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-748043, EBI-12357161;
CC       O43708; Q9H8Y8: GORASP2; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-748043, EBI-739467;
CC       O43708; O43708: GSTZ1; NbExp=7; IntAct=EBI-748043, EBI-748043;
CC       O43708; P16333: NCK1; NbExp=2; IntAct=EBI-748043, EBI-389883;
CC       O43708; Q58EX7: PLEKHG4; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-748043, EBI-949255;
CC       O43708; P47897: QARS1; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-748043, EBI-347462;
CC       O43708; Q8WWU5-7: TCP11; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-748043, EBI-17721485;
CC       O43708; Q12933: TRAF2; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-748043, EBI-355744;
CC       O43708; Q9H0C1: ZMYND12; NbExp=3; IntAct=EBI-748043, EBI-12030590;
CC   -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250}.
CC   -!- ALTERNATIVE PRODUCTS:
CC       Event=Alternative splicing; Named isoforms=3;
CC       Name=1;
CC         IsoId=O43708-1; Sequence=Displayed;
CC       Name=2;
CC         IsoId=O43708-2; Sequence=VSP_039862;
CC       Name=3;
CC         IsoId=O43708-3; Sequence=VSP_047392;
CC   -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Mostly expressed in liver followed by kidney,
CC       skeletal muscle and brain. Also expressed in melanocytes, synovium,
CC       placenta, breast and fetal liver and heart.
CC   -!- DISEASE: Maleylacetoacetate isomerase deficiency (MAAID) [MIM:617596]:
CC       An autosomal recessive inborn error of metabolism characterized by mild
CC       elevations in succinylacetone in blood and urine, usually identified by
CC       newborn screening. Liver function and coagulation are normal. MAAID is
CC       a benign disorder. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27876694}. Note=The disease is
CC       caused by variants affecting the gene represented in this entry.
CC   -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the GST superfamily. Zeta family. {ECO:0000305}.
CC   -!- WEB RESOURCE: Name=NIEHS-SNPs;
CC       URL="http://egp.gs.washington.edu/data/gstz1/";
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DR   EMBL; AJ001838; CAA05045.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; U86529; AAB96392.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AF053545; AAC33591.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF053539; AAC33591.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF053540; AAC33591.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF053541; AAC33591.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF053542; AAC33591.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF053543; AAC33591.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF053544; AAC33591.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF098318; AAD43007.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF095582; AAD43007.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF098311; AAD43007.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF098312; AAD43007.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF098313; AAD43007.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF098314; AAD43007.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF098315; AAD43007.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF098316; AAD43007.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AF098317; AAD43007.1; JOINED; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AK315154; BAG37600.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; CR456987; CAG33268.1; -; mRNA.
DR   EMBL; AY316305; AAP69526.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; AC007954; AAF62559.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CH471061; EAW81278.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; CH471061; EAW81279.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR   EMBL; BC001453; AAH01453.1; -; mRNA.
DR   CCDS; CCDS9858.1; -. [O43708-1]
DR   CCDS; CCDS9859.1; -. [O43708-3]
DR   CCDS; CCDS9860.1; -. [O43708-2]
DR   RefSeq; NP_001299589.1; NM_001312660.1. [O43708-2]
DR   RefSeq; NP_665877.1; NM_145870.2.
DR   RefSeq; NP_665878.2; NM_145871.2.
DR   PDB; 1FW1; X-ray; 1.90 A; A=1-216.
DR   PDBsum; 1FW1; -.
DR   AlphaFoldDB; O43708; -.
DR   SMR; O43708; -.
DR   BioGRID; 109209; 20.
DR   IntAct; O43708; 16.
DR   MINT; O43708; -.
DR   STRING; 9606.ENSP00000216465; -.
DR   ChEMBL; CHEMBL4949; -.
DR   DrugBank; DB04447; 1,4-Dithiothreitol.
DR   DrugBank; DB08809; Dichloroacetic acid.
DR   DrugBank; DB00143; Glutathione.
DR   DrugBank; DB09462; Glycerin.
DR   iPTMnet; O43708; -.
DR   PhosphoSitePlus; O43708; -.
DR   BioMuta; GSTZ1; -.
DR   EPD; O43708; -.
DR   jPOST; O43708; -.
DR   MassIVE; O43708; -.
DR   MaxQB; O43708; -.
DR   PaxDb; O43708; -.
DR   PeptideAtlas; O43708; -.
DR   PRIDE; O43708; -.
DR   ProteomicsDB; 49126; -. [O43708-1]
DR   ProteomicsDB; 49127; -. [O43708-2]
DR   ProteomicsDB; 976; -.
DR   Antibodypedia; 188; 243 antibodies from 29 providers.
DR   DNASU; 2954; -.
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000361389.8; ENSP00000354959.4; ENSG00000100577.19. [O43708-2]
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000393734.5; ENSP00000377335.1; ENSG00000100577.19. [O43708-2]
DR   Ensembl; ENST00000557639.5; ENSP00000451927.1; ENSG00000100577.19. [O43708-2]
DR   GeneID; 2954; -.
DR   KEGG; hsa:2954; -.
DR   UCSC; uc001xtj.4; human. [O43708-1]
DR   CTD; 2954; -.
DR   DisGeNET; 2954; -.
DR   GeneCards; GSTZ1; -.
DR   HGNC; HGNC:4643; GSTZ1.
DR   HPA; ENSG00000100577; Tissue enriched (liver).
DR   MalaCards; GSTZ1; -.
DR   MIM; 603758; gene.
DR   MIM; 617596; phenotype.
DR   neXtProt; NX_O43708; -.
DR   OpenTargets; ENSG00000100577; -.
DR   PharmGKB; PA29031; -.
DR   VEuPathDB; HostDB:ENSG00000100577; -.
DR   eggNOG; KOG0868; Eukaryota.
DR   GeneTree; ENSGT00390000006580; -.
DR   HOGENOM; CLU_011226_20_3_1; -.
DR   InParanoid; O43708; -.
DR   PhylomeDB; O43708; -.
DR   TreeFam; TF105324; -.
DR   BioCyc; MetaCyc:HS02114-MON; -.
DR   BRENDA; 2.5.1.18; 2681.
DR   BRENDA; 5.2.1.2; 2681.
DR   PathwayCommons; O43708; -.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-156590; Glutathione conjugation.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-204174; Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) complex.
DR   Reactome; R-HSA-8963684; Tyrosine catabolism.
DR   SignaLink; O43708; -.
DR   UniPathway; UPA00139; UER00340.
DR   BioGRID-ORCS; 2954; 16 hits in 1084 CRISPR screens.
DR   ChiTaRS; GSTZ1; human.
DR   EvolutionaryTrace; O43708; -.
DR   GeneWiki; GSTZ1; -.
DR   GenomeRNAi; 2954; -.
DR   Pharos; O43708; Tbio.
DR   PRO; PR:O43708; -.
DR   Proteomes; UP000005640; Chromosome 14.
DR   RNAct; O43708; protein.
DR   Bgee; ENSG00000100577; Expressed in right lobe of liver and 184 other tissues.
DR   ExpressionAtlas; O43708; baseline and differential.
DR   Genevisible; O43708; HS.
DR   GO; GO:0005829; C:cytosol; TAS:Reactome.
DR   GO; GO:0005759; C:mitochondrial matrix; TAS:Reactome.
DR   GO; GO:0005739; C:mitochondrion; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0004602; F:glutathione peroxidase activity; TAS:ProtInc.
DR   GO; GO:0004364; F:glutathione transferase activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0042802; F:identical protein binding; IPI:IntAct.
DR   GO; GO:0016034; F:maleylacetoacetate isomerase activity; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0042803; F:protein homodimerization activity; IPI:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0006749; P:glutathione metabolic process; IDA:UniProtKB.
DR   GO; GO:0006559; P:L-phenylalanine catabolic process; IBA:GO_Central.
DR   GO; GO:0006572; P:tyrosine catabolic process; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR   CDD; cd03191; GST_C_Zeta; 1.
DR   CDD; cd03042; GST_N_Zeta; 1.
DR   InterPro; IPR010987; Glutathione-S-Trfase_C-like.
DR   InterPro; IPR036282; Glutathione-S-Trfase_C_sf.
DR   InterPro; IPR040079; Glutathione_S-Trfase.
DR   InterPro; IPR004045; Glutathione_S-Trfase_N.
DR   InterPro; IPR004046; GST_C.
DR   InterPro; IPR005955; GST_Zeta.
DR   InterPro; IPR034330; GST_Zeta_C.
DR   InterPro; IPR034333; GST_Zeta_N.
DR   InterPro; IPR036249; Thioredoxin-like_sf.
DR   Pfam; PF14497; GST_C_3; 1.
DR   Pfam; PF13417; GST_N_3; 1.
DR   SFLD; SFLDS00019; Glutathione_Transferase_(cytos; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF47616; SSF47616; 1.
DR   SUPFAM; SSF52833; SSF52833; 1.
DR   TIGRFAMs; TIGR01262; maiA; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS50405; GST_CTER; 1.
DR   PROSITE; PS50404; GST_NTER; 1.
PE   1: Evidence at protein level;
KW   3D-structure; Acetylation; Alternative splicing; Cytoplasm;
KW   Disease variant; Isomerase; Multifunctional enzyme;
KW   Phenylalanine catabolism; Phosphoprotein; Reference proteome; Transferase;
KW   Tyrosine catabolism.
FT   CHAIN           1..216
FT                   /note="Maleylacetoacetate isomerase"
FT                   /id="PRO_0000186022"
FT   DOMAIN          4..87
FT                   /note="GST N-terminal"
FT   DOMAIN          92..212
FT                   /note="GST C-terminal"
FT   BINDING         14..19
FT                   /ligand="glutathione"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57925"
FT   BINDING         45
FT                   /ligand="glutathione"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57925"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11327815"
FT   BINDING         59
FT                   /ligand="glutathione"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57925"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11327815"
FT   BINDING         71..72
FT                   /ligand="glutathione"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57925"
FT   BINDING         111
FT                   /ligand="glutathione"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57925"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:11327815"
FT   BINDING         115..117
FT                   /ligand="glutathione"
FT                   /ligand_id="ChEBI:CHEBI:57925"
FT   MOD_RES         1
FT                   /note="N-acetylmethionine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007744|PubMed:22814378"
FT   MOD_RES         32
FT                   /note="N6-acetyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007744|PubMed:19608861"
FT   MOD_RES         57
FT                   /note="N6-succinyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9WVL0"
FT   MOD_RES         136
FT                   /note="Phosphothreonine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9WVL0"
FT   MOD_RES         177
FT                   /note="N6-succinyllysine"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:Q9WVL0"
FT   VAR_SEQ         1..55
FT                   /note="Missing (in isoform 2)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000303|PubMed:14702039"
FT                   /id="VSP_039862"
FT   VAR_SEQ         73..114
FT                   /note="Missing (in isoform 3)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT                   /id="VSP_047392"
FT   VARIANT         32
FT                   /note="K -> E (in allele GSTZ1*C; dbSNP:rs7975)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:10739172,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:12508121, ECO:0000269|PubMed:15489334,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:9925947, ECO:0000269|Ref.7,
FT                   ECO:0000269|Ref.9"
FT                   /id="VAR_009705"
FT   VARIANT         42
FT                   /note="R -> G (in allele GSTZ1*B and allele GSTZ1*C;
FT                   dbSNP:rs7972)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:10373324,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:10739172, ECO:0000269|PubMed:12508121,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:15489334, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9417084,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:9925947, ECO:0000269|Ref.6,
FT                   ECO:0000269|Ref.7, ECO:0000269|Ref.9"
FT                   /id="VAR_009706"
FT   VARIANT         82
FT                   /note="M -> T (in dbSNP:rs1046428)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:10373324,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:14702039, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9396740,
FT                   ECO:0000269|PubMed:9417084, ECO:0000269|PubMed:9925947,
FT                   ECO:0000269|Ref.6, ECO:0000269|Ref.7"
FT                   /id="VAR_009707"
FT   VARIANT         87..216
FT                   /note="Missing (in MAAID)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:27876694"
FT                   /id="VAR_079259"
FT   VARIANT         99
FT                   /note="V -> M (in MAAID; decreased maleylacetoacetate
FT                   isomerase activity)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:27876694"
FT                   /id="VAR_079260"
FT   VARIANT         133
FT                   /note="N -> H (in dbSNP:rs2234955)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|Ref.7"
FT                   /id="VAR_014505"
FT   VARIANT         150
FT                   /note="A -> V (in MAAID; decreased maleylacetoacetate
FT                   isomerase activity)"
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:27876694"
FT                   /id="VAR_079261"
FT   STRAND          7..10
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   HELIX           15..26
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   STRAND          32..35
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   HELIX           44..46
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   HELIX           48..53
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   STRAND          61..64
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   STRAND          67..71
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   HELIX           72..82
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   HELIX           93..109
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   HELIX           111..114
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   HELIX           116..122
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   HELIX           124..149
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   STRAND          150..156
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   HELIX           161..175
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   HELIX           184..194
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   HELIX           197..199
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   TURN            200..202
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
FT   HELIX           204..206
FT                   /evidence="ECO:0007829|PDB:1FW1"
SQ   SEQUENCE   216 AA;  24212 MW;  2B3112B8AE6B55E0 CRC64;
     MQAGKPILYS YFRSSCSWRV RIALALKGID YKTVPINLIK DRGQQFSKDF QALNPMKQVP
     TLKIDGITIH QSLAIIEYLE EMRPTPRLLP QDPKKRASVR MISDLIAGGI QPLQNLSVLK
     QVGEEMQLTW AQNAITCGFN ALEQILQSTA GIYCVGDEVT MADLCLVPQV ANAERFKVDL
     TPYPTISSIN KRLLVLEAFQ VSHPCRQPDT PTELRA
 
 
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