MIDN_DROME
ID MIDN_DROME Reviewed; 1122 AA.
AC Q8SXD4; Q9W2R7;
DT 15-FEB-2017, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-JUN-2002, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 138.
DE RecName: Full=Midnolin homolog {ECO:0000305};
DE AltName: Full=Protein stuxnet {ECO:0000303|PubMed:27326929};
GN Name=stx {ECO:0000312|FlyBase:FBgn0052676};
GN ORFNames=CG32676 {ECO:0000312|FlyBase:FBgn0052676};
OS Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea;
OC Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.
OX NCBI_TaxID=7227 {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAM11022.1};
RN [1] {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000000803}
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000000803};
RX PubMed=10731132; DOI=10.1126/science.287.5461.2185;
RA Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D.,
RA Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F.,
RA George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N.,
RA Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D., Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C.,
RA Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C.,
RA Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A.,
RA An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A.,
RA Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V.,
RA Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J.,
RA Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E.,
RA Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B.,
RA Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I.,
RA Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C.,
RA Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S.,
RA Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M.,
RA Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M.,
RA Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D.,
RA Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F.,
RA Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D.,
RA Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A.,
RA Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C.,
RA McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C.,
RA Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L.,
RA Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R.,
RA Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V.,
RA Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F.,
RA Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J.,
RA Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R.,
RA Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y.,
RA Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T.,
RA Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S.,
RA Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W.,
RA Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M.,
RA Venter J.C.;
RT "The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster.";
RL Science 287:2185-2195(2000).
RN [2] {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000000803}
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=Berkeley {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000000803};
RX PubMed=12537572; DOI=10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0083;
RA Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S.,
RA Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E.,
RA Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P.,
RA Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J., Drysdale R.A.,
RA Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M.,
RA Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E.;
RT "Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic
RT review.";
RL Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002).
RN [3] {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAM11022.1}
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAM11022.1};
RC TISSUE=Head {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAM11022.1};
RX PubMed=12537569; DOI=10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0080;
RA Stapleton M., Carlson J.W., Brokstein P., Yu C., Champe M., George R.A.,
RA Guarin H., Kronmiller B., Pacleb J.M., Park S., Wan K.H., Rubin G.M.,
RA Celniker S.E.;
RT "A Drosophila full-length cDNA resource.";
RL Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0080.1-RESEARCH0080.8(2002).
RN [4] {ECO:0000305}
RP FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH PC AND RPN10, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, DOMAIN, AND
RP DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=27326929; DOI=10.1016/j.devcel.2016.05.013;
RA Du J., Zhang J., He T., Li Y., Su Y., Tie F., Liu M., Harte P.J., Zhu A.J.;
RT "Stuxnet facilitates the degradation of polycomb protein during
RT development.";
RL Dev. Cell 37:507-519(2016).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Facilitates ubiquitin-independent proteasomal degradation of
CC polycomb protein Pc by interacting directly with the proteasome and
CC recruiting Pc to it. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27326929}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Interacts with PRC1 complex member polycomb protein Pc; the
CC interaction targets Pc for ubiquitin-independent proteasomal
CC degradation. Does not interact with PRC1 members Ph, Psc or Sce so does
CC not appear to be a member of the PRC1 complex. Interacts with 26S
CC proteasome regulatory subunit Rpn10. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27326929}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27326929}.
CC -!- DOMAIN: The ubiquitin-like domain is required for Pc degradation.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27326929}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Homozygous and hemizygous lethal at the pupal
CC stage. Hemizygous escapers display haltere-to-wing and metathoracic-to-
CC mesothoracic leg transformations and die as pharate adults.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:27326929}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: The name 'stuxnet' derives from a computer (PC) virus of
CC the same name, due to the role of the protein in promoting Pc protein
CC degradation in the proteasome. {ECO:0000303|PubMed:27326929}.
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DR EMBL; AE014298; AAF46623.2; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AE014298; AGB95269.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY094669; AAM11022.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_001259426.1; NM_001272497.2.
DR RefSeq; NP_572648.1; NM_132420.4.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q8SXD4; -.
DR SMR; Q8SXD4; -.
DR IntAct; Q8SXD4; 2.
DR STRING; 7227.FBpp0305231; -.
DR PaxDb; Q8SXD4; -.
DR DNASU; 32005; -.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0071503; FBpp0071432; FBgn0052676.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0333017; FBpp0305231; FBgn0052676.
DR GeneID; 32005; -.
DR KEGG; dme:Dmel_CG32676; -.
DR UCSC; CG32676-RA; d. melanogaster.
DR CTD; 32005; -.
DR FlyBase; FBgn0052676; stx.
DR VEuPathDB; VectorBase:FBgn0052676; -.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502QTDX; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00510000049027; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_280229_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q8SXD4; -.
DR OMA; CQQDPIA; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1159802at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q8SXD4; -.
DR SignaLink; Q8SXD4; -.
DR BioGRID-ORCS; 32005; 0 hits in 1 CRISPR screen.
DR ChiTaRS; CG32676; fly.
DR GenomeRNAi; 32005; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q8SXD4; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000803; Chromosome X.
DR Bgee; FBgn0052676; Expressed in cleaving embryo and 21 other tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q8SXD4; baseline and differential.
DR GO; GO:0005654; C:nucleoplasm; HDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0010499; P:proteasomal ubiquitin-independent protein catabolic process; IMP:FlyBase.
DR InterPro; IPR039336; Midnolin.
DR InterPro; IPR000626; Ubiquitin-like_dom.
DR InterPro; IPR029071; Ubiquitin-like_domsf.
DR PANTHER; PTHR23010; PTHR23010; 1.
DR Pfam; PF00240; ubiquitin; 1.
DR SMART; SM00213; UBQ; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF54236; SSF54236; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS50053; UBIQUITIN_2; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Nucleus; Reference proteome.
FT CHAIN 1..1122
FT /note="Midnolin homolog"
FT /id="PRO_0000438877"
FT DOMAIN 69..143
FT /note="Ubiquitin-like"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU00214"
FT REGION 210..300
FT /note="Required for interaction with Pc"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000269|PubMed:27326929"
FT REGION 257..399
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 596..630
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 645..677
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 746..775
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 840..876
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 886..905
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 922..955
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 1067..1122
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 259..297
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 323..353
FT /note="Basic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 376..399
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 609..630
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 645..667
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 746..763
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 840..873
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 1067..1095
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
SQ SEQUENCE 1122 AA; 112184 MW; A8FF8B0F79B09B23 CRC64;
MDKSAATNSA TADGQNEAAA AAAAAATAAG CGSNNSSSTS SSNNTANSNN ALQRLATTTS
AVVASPMTIN LNISTTTGGN FGVSVEPHIS VESLKKIIAK KLKVAKDRIC LLHREKELQD
GTLRDHNLMD GSKIILIPNV ETGLLAQRPE NTVMQALESL NDAQVNDFLS GKTPLNLSMR
LGDHMMLIQL QLSTVNPAGG GAATVAPVAG GASGSSINAA ASTTSTVPVM PAGTGCSGAN
STSLSSSAVL AAAAAGVGGS TGTSGSGTSS SSSSTSSSSS SSSSSSRTRS SGQRSSGRIG
HGHVHSHQHP SLHAANWHGF SHGHGHGHSH GNGHGHHHHH HHHHHHHHHH HNASAVAAGS
GGGMSSLRKM YGDLPSSSGA SGSAPATGTG QSQSSSTLNG PDLTKLLIKG GIQNIVNSFA
LKDAGANARP VANGGSGSSP GKPVLEQSPI KSLSNLVSSP IKMTTIKNIP LPTTAATSSS
SSCNCSSAAP SSSSSTSSGA CATGGCQQDP IAAKLTSCLC TRLPTPSVAP PVATLVAPAP
VARSGSTSSP SKCPESSCSG ANAGFAARST LAGTRVTFSG NSMLHKTGNN RITRTKHRHY
HGQGHGHGHG NGHSSSSSSS SSSSSSHFFN HACAGNQPSV NAAAFATSSS SSSSSPSSSS
SSPSKRRKLE QGMGAGAVGA TAATATAAAT VALPASTSAT TAEPDDSLLG VSDTRTLAEA
SRNLTQTLRK LSKEVFTNKI DLSGAGVVSS GRSSSSGATS SGAASGEEAP RKSGSGAVIE
SMKNHGKGIY SGTFSGTLNP ALQDRFGRPK RDISTVIHIL NDLLSATPQY GRGARISFEA
PTTGSVSGSG SGSGSSGSSS TTSSGSGLHH GSRSKMYSSK HHNCAKCNSR AQQQQQQSAT
LASGSGGSCS FRDCPSYHSS SAATKASTSS KSSSHSCCQT AEAPSSMTSQ SNGCTCRYRR
DDGQGERERE HTCQKCTVEL ANMKTRSKMD QLRLVMQQHK QKREARKLKS GPYATAASAS
AADSLSSIAA GGTAAVPMGA AAQYSAVSAL VATPLQPAAV PVQTGKAAPA NSITGNSSNA
NVNGNTSTAP ATAATSAAAA PTAAPPSEVS PNHIVEEVDT AA
