MIF_CHICK
ID MIF_CHICK Reviewed; 115 AA.
AC Q02960;
DT 01-JUL-1993, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 23-JAN-2007, sequence version 3.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 141.
DE RecName: Full=Macrophage migration inhibitory factor;
DE Short=MIF;
DE EC=5.3.2.1 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14174};
DE AltName: Full=L-dopachrome isomerase;
DE AltName: Full=L-dopachrome tautomerase;
DE EC=5.3.3.12 {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14174};
DE AltName: Full=Phenylpyruvate tautomerase;
GN Name=MIF;
OS Gallus gallus (Chicken).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Chordata; Craniata; Vertebrata; Euteleostomi;
OC Archelosauria; Archosauria; Dinosauria; Saurischia; Theropoda;
OC Coelurosauria; Aves; Neognathae; Galloanserae; Galliformes; Phasianidae;
OC Phasianinae; Gallus.
OX NCBI_TaxID=9031;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
RC TISSUE=Lens;
RX PubMed=7679497; DOI=10.1073/pnas.90.4.1272;
RA Wistow G.J., Shaughnessy M., Lee D.C., Hodin J., Zelenka P.S.;
RT "A macrophage migration inhibitory factor is expressed in the
RT differentiating cells of the eye lens.";
RL Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 90:1272-1275(1993).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Pro-inflammatory cytokine. Involved in the innate immune
CC response to bacterial pathogens. The expression of MIF at sites of
CC inflammation suggests a role as mediator in regulating the function of
CC macrophages in host defense. Counteracts the anti-inflammatory activity
CC of glucocorticoids. Has phenylpyruvate tautomerase and dopachrome
CC tautomerase activity (in vitro), but the physiological substrate is not
CC known. It is not clear whether the tautomerase activity has any
CC physiological relevance, and whether it is important for cytokine
CC activity (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14174}.
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=3-phenylpyruvate = enol-phenylpyruvate; Xref=Rhea:RHEA:17097,
CC ChEBI:CHEBI:16815, ChEBI:CHEBI:18005; EC=5.3.2.1;
CC Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14174};
CC -!- CATALYTIC ACTIVITY:
CC Reaction=L-dopachrome = 5,6-dihydroxyindole-2-carboxylate;
CC Xref=Rhea:RHEA:13041, ChEBI:CHEBI:16875, ChEBI:CHEBI:57509;
CC EC=5.3.3.12; Evidence={ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14174};
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Homotrimer. {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14174}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Secreted {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14174}.
CC Cytoplasm {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14174}. Note=Does not have a
CC cleavable signal sequence and is secreted via a specialized, non-
CC classical pathway. Secreted by macrophages upon stimulation by
CC bacterial antigens (By similarity). {ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14174}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the MIF family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; M95776; AAA48939.1; -; mRNA.
DR PIR; C47274; C47274.
DR RefSeq; NP_001292020.1; NM_001305091.1.
DR RefSeq; XP_015157549.1; XM_015302063.1.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q02960; -.
DR SMR; Q02960; -.
DR STRING; 9031.ENSGALP00000010214; -.
DR PaxDb; Q02960; -.
DR Ensembl; ENSGALT00000010228; ENSGALP00000010214; ENSGALG00000006326.
DR GeneID; 100857237; -.
DR KEGG; gga:100857237; -.
DR CTD; 4282; -.
DR VEuPathDB; HostDB:geneid_100857237; -.
DR eggNOG; KOG1759; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00940000155608; -.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_129906_1_1_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q02960; -.
DR OMA; YINFFDM; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1451925at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q02960; -.
DR TreeFam; TF313853; -.
DR Reactome; R-GGA-202733; Cell surface interactions at the vascular wall.
DR Reactome; R-GGA-6798695; Neutrophil degranulation.
DR PRO; PR:Q02960; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000539; Chromosome 15.
DR Bgee; ENSGALG00000006326; Expressed in cerebellum and 12 other tissues.
DR GO; GO:0005737; C:cytoplasm; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0005615; C:extracellular space; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0005125; F:cytokine activity; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0004167; F:dopachrome isomerase activity; IEA:UniProtKB-EC.
DR GO; GO:0042289; F:MHC class II protein binding; IDA:AgBase.
DR GO; GO:0050178; F:phenylpyruvate tautomerase activity; IBA:GO_Central.
DR GO; GO:0006954; P:inflammatory response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR GO; GO:0045087; P:innate immune response; IEA:UniProtKB-KW.
DR Gene3D; 3.30.429.10; -; 1.
DR InterPro; IPR001398; Macrophage_inhib_fac.
DR InterPro; IPR019829; Macrophage_inhib_fac_CS.
DR InterPro; IPR014347; Tautomerase/MIF_sf.
DR PANTHER; PTHR11954; PTHR11954; 1.
DR Pfam; PF01187; MIF; 1.
DR SUPFAM; SSF55331; SSF55331; 1.
DR PROSITE; PS01158; MIF; 1.
PE 3: Inferred from homology;
KW Cytokine; Cytoplasm; Immunity; Inflammatory response; Innate immunity;
KW Isomerase; Reference proteome; Secreted.
FT INIT_MET 1
FT /note="Removed"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14174"
FT CHAIN 2..115
FT /note="Macrophage migration inhibitory factor"
FT /id="PRO_0000158069"
FT ACT_SITE 2
FT /note="Proton acceptor; via imino nitrogen"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P34884"
FT BINDING 33
FT /ligand="substrate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14174"
FT BINDING 65
FT /ligand="substrate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14174"
FT BINDING 98
FT /ligand="substrate"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000250|UniProtKB:P14174"
SQ SEQUENCE 115 AA; 12484 MW; B85216F4E500B314 CRC64;
MPMFTIHTNV CKDAVPDSLL GELTQQLAKA TGKPAQYIAV HIVPDQMMSF GGSTDPCALC
SLYSIGKIGG QQNKTYTKLL CDMIAKHLHV SADRVYINYF DINAANVGWN GSTFA
