MSHN_DROME
ID MSHN_DROME Reviewed; 172 AA.
AC Q9VYQ0;
DT 20-DEC-2017, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 01-MAY-2000, sequence version 1.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 152.
DE RecName: Full=Moonshiner {ECO:0000303|PubMed:28847004};
GN Name=moon {ECO:0000303|PubMed:28847004, ECO:0000312|FlyBase:FBgn0030373};
GN ORFNames=CG12721 {ECO:0000312|FlyBase:FBgn0030373};
OS Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea;
OC Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.
OX NCBI_TaxID=7227 {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000000803};
RN [1] {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000000803}
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000000803};
RX PubMed=10731132; DOI=10.1126/science.287.5461.2185;
RA Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D.,
RA Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F.,
RA George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N.,
RA Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D., Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C.,
RA Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C.,
RA Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A.,
RA An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A.,
RA Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V.,
RA Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J.,
RA Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E.,
RA Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B.,
RA Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I.,
RA Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C.,
RA Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S.,
RA Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M.,
RA Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M.,
RA Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D.,
RA Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F.,
RA Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D.,
RA Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A.,
RA Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C.,
RA McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C.,
RA Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L.,
RA Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R.,
RA Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V.,
RA Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F.,
RA Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J.,
RA Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R.,
RA Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y.,
RA Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T.,
RA Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S.,
RA Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W.,
RA Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M.,
RA Venter J.C.;
RT "The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster.";
RL Science 287:2185-2195(2000).
RN [2] {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000000803}
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=Berkeley {ECO:0000312|Proteomes:UP000000803};
RX PubMed=12537572; DOI=10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0083;
RA Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S.,
RA Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E.,
RA Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P.,
RA Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J., Drysdale R.A.,
RA Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M.,
RA Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E.;
RT "Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic
RT review.";
RL Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002).
RN [3] {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAM51011.1}
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAM51011.1};
RC TISSUE=Embryo {ECO:0000312|EMBL:AAM51011.1};
RX PubMed=12537569; DOI=10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0080;
RA Stapleton M., Carlson J.W., Brokstein P., Yu C., Champe M., George R.A.,
RA Guarin H., Kronmiller B., Pacleb J.M., Park S., Wan K.H., Rubin G.M.,
RA Celniker S.E.;
RT "A Drosophila full-length cDNA resource.";
RL Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0080.1-RESEARCH0080.8(2002).
RN [4] {ECO:0000305}
RP FUNCTION, INTERACTION WITH TFIIA-S AND TRF2, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, TISSUE
RP SPECIFICITY, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=28847004; DOI=10.1038/nature23482;
RA Andersen P.R., Tirian L., Vunjak M., Brennecke J.;
RT "A heterochromatin-dependent transcription machinery drives piRNA
RT expression.";
RL Nature 549:54-59(2017).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Part of a rhi-dependent transcription machinery that enables
CC the generation of piRNA precursors from heterochromatin while
CC maintaining the suppression of transposon-encoded promoters and
CC enhancers. Moonshiner/CG12721 recruits transcriptional machinery to
CC heterochromatin to initiate the bidirectional transcription of piRNA
CC clusters. Functions by forming a complex with transcription initiation
CC factors TfIIA-S and Trf2, and interacting with del which is part of the
CC RDC (rhi, del and cuff) complex that binds to repressive H3K9me3 marks
CC in the chromatin. This mechanism allows transcription to occur in piRNA
CC clusters despite the lack of proper promoter elements and in the
CC presence of the repressive H3K9me3 mark. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28847004}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Forms a complex with TfIIA-S and Trf2.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28847004}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28847004}.
CC Note=Expressed in nuclear foci. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28847004}.
CC -!- TISSUE SPECIFICITY: Specifically expressed in the ovaries.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28847004}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Viable and ovaries appear normal. However females
CC are sterile. Phenotype likely results from transcriptional defects at
CC piRNA clusters caused by loss of Pol II specifically at rhi-dependent
CC piRNA clusters in the developing ovary, resulting in a severe reduction
CC in steady-state piRNA precursor levels and derepression of transposable
CC mRNA transcription. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:28847004}.
CC -!- MISCELLANEOUS: The name 'Moonshiner' derives from its activity in the
CC transcriptional 'prohibition' of heterochromatin.
CC {ECO:0000303|PubMed:28847004}.
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DR EMBL; AE014298; AAF48142.1; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; AY119151; AAM51011.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_572784.1; NM_132556.3.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q9VYQ0; -.
DR SMR; Q9VYQ0; -.
DR IntAct; Q9VYQ0; 3.
DR STRING; 7227.FBpp0073470; -.
DR PaxDb; Q9VYQ0; -.
DR DNASU; 32176; -.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0073637; FBpp0073470; FBgn0030373.
DR GeneID; 32176; -.
DR KEGG; dme:Dmel_CG12721; -.
DR UCSC; CG12721-RA; d. melanogaster.
DR CTD; 32176; -.
DR FlyBase; FBgn0030373; moon.
DR VEuPathDB; VectorBase:FBgn0030373; -.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502TB8Z; Eukaryota.
DR HOGENOM; CLU_1580184_0_0_1; -.
DR InParanoid; Q9VYQ0; -.
DR OMA; NWIPESR; -.
DR OrthoDB; 1559380at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q9VYQ0; -.
DR BioGRID-ORCS; 32176; 0 hits in 1 CRISPR screen.
DR GenomeRNAi; 32176; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q9VYQ0; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000803; Chromosome X.
DR Bgee; FBgn0030373; Expressed in secondary oocyte and 7 other tissues.
DR GO; GO:0000792; C:heterochromatin; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0005672; C:transcription factor TFIIA complex; IPI:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0017025; F:TBP-class protein binding; IPI:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:1990511; P:piRNA biosynthetic process; IMP:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0006366; P:transcription by RNA polymerase II; IMP:FlyBase.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Activator; Nucleus; Reference proteome; Transcription;
KW Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..172
FT /note="Moonshiner"
FT /id="PRO_0000442619"
FT REGION 58..91
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
SQ SEQUENCE 172 AA; 19908 MW; 6F16C5F80248B819 CRC64;
MAKILPTDGI WIPESCSFPE DVMIDMMEGL FRDVPNLTHK EYLALADLQS RWMAKLANRQ
PESNPLPPKP KKRKKIAPKK QDQPVEEKGS EVDIYDVDDN EMVNNRIYIP RLRSAWRARY
FNIMMRAFVI KRGLLNKHIN WQILDKIMAA PDAEGQAELQ AFVDKVVAGQ EM
