NELFA_DROME
ID NELFA_DROME Reviewed; 1251 AA.
AC Q86NP2; Q9VDC7;
DT 14-NOV-2003, integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot.
DT 30-MAY-2006, sequence version 2.
DT 03-AUG-2022, entry version 119.
DE RecName: Full=Negative elongation factor A;
GN Name=Nelf-A; ORFNames=CG5874;
OS Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly).
OC Eukaryota; Metazoa; Ecdysozoa; Arthropoda; Hexapoda; Insecta; Pterygota;
OC Neoptera; Endopterygota; Diptera; Brachycera; Muscomorpha; Ephydroidea;
OC Drosophilidae; Drosophila; Sophophora.
OX NCBI_TaxID=7227;
RN [1]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RX PubMed=10731132; DOI=10.1126/science.287.5461.2185;
RA Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D.,
RA Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F.,
RA George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N.,
RA Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D., Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C.,
RA Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C.,
RA Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A.,
RA An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A.,
RA Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V.,
RA Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J.,
RA Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E.,
RA Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B.,
RA Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I.,
RA Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C.,
RA Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S.,
RA Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M.,
RA Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M.,
RA Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D.,
RA Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F.,
RA Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D.,
RA Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A.,
RA Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C.,
RA McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C.,
RA Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L.,
RA Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R.,
RA Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V.,
RA Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F.,
RA Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J.,
RA Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R.,
RA Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y.,
RA Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T.,
RA Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S.,
RA Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W.,
RA Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M.,
RA Venter J.C.;
RT "The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster.";
RL Science 287:2185-2195(2000).
RN [2]
RP GENOME REANNOTATION.
RC STRAIN=Berkeley;
RX PubMed=12537572; DOI=10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0083;
RA Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S.,
RA Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E.,
RA Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P.,
RA Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J., Drysdale R.A.,
RA Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M.,
RA Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E.;
RT "Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic
RT review.";
RL Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002).
RN [3]
RP NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA].
RC STRAIN=Berkeley; TISSUE=Embryo;
RX PubMed=12537569; DOI=10.1186/gb-2002-3-12-research0080;
RA Stapleton M., Carlson J.W., Brokstein P., Yu C., Champe M., George R.A.,
RA Guarin H., Kronmiller B., Pacleb J.M., Park S., Wan K.H., Rubin G.M.,
RA Celniker S.E.;
RT "A Drosophila full-length cDNA resource.";
RL Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0080.1-RESEARCH0080.8(2002).
RN [4]
RP FUNCTION, SUBUNIT, AND SUBCELLULAR LOCATION.
RX PubMed=15741180; DOI=10.1093/nar/gki274;
RA Wu C.-H., Lee C., Fan R., Smith M.J., Yamaguchi Y., Handa H., Gilmour D.S.;
RT "Molecular characterization of Drosophila NELF.";
RL Nucleic Acids Res. 33:1269-1279(2005).
RN [5]
RP FUNCTION, DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE, AND DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE.
RX PubMed=20634899; DOI=10.1371/journal.pone.0011498;
RA Wang X., Hang S., Prazak L., Gergen J.P.;
RT "NELF potentiates gene transcription in the Drosophila embryo.";
RL PLoS ONE 5:E11498-E11498(2010).
CC -!- FUNCTION: Essential component of the NELF complex, a complex that
CC negatively regulates the elongation of transcription by RNA polymerase
CC II. Has an essential role in postembryonic development.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15741180, ECO:0000269|PubMed:20634899}.
CC -!- SUBUNIT: Component of the NELF complex. {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15741180}.
CC -!- SUBCELLULAR LOCATION: Nucleus {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15741180}. Chromosome
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:15741180}. Note=Associates with polytene
CC chromosomes. Associates with the hsp70 promoter when it is inactive,
CC but not when it is activated.
CC -!- DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE: Expressed both maternally and zygotically.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20634899}.
CC -!- DISRUPTION PHENOTYPE: Loss of zygotic expression results in
CC morphologically normal embryos that hatch as 1st instar larvae. These
CC larvae survive for several days but do not increase in size. Loss of
CC maternal expression causes arrest prior to the cellular blastoderm
CC stage and embryos display abnormal nuclear morphology. Those that
CC escape this early arrest proceed through the blastoderm stage and
CC gastrulate normally, but then almost always arrest during germband
CC retraction with head defects and incomplete dorsal closure.
CC {ECO:0000269|PubMed:20634899}.
CC -!- SIMILARITY: Belongs to the NELF-A family. {ECO:0000305}.
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DR EMBL; AE014297; AAF55869.3; -; Genomic_DNA.
DR EMBL; BT004470; AAO42634.1; -; mRNA.
DR RefSeq; NP_650958.2; NM_142701.2.
DR AlphaFoldDB; Q86NP2; -.
DR SMR; Q86NP2; -.
DR BioGRID; 67490; 9.
DR IntAct; Q86NP2; 1.
DR STRING; 7227.FBpp0083453; -.
DR PaxDb; Q86NP2; -.
DR PRIDE; Q86NP2; -.
DR EnsemblMetazoa; FBtr0084051; FBpp0083453; FBgn0038872.
DR GeneID; 42520; -.
DR KEGG; dme:Dmel_CG5874; -.
DR UCSC; CG5874-RA; d. melanogaster.
DR CTD; 42520; -.
DR FlyBase; FBgn0038872; Nelf-A.
DR VEuPathDB; VectorBase:FBgn0038872; -.
DR eggNOG; ENOG502QTCD; Eukaryota.
DR GeneTree; ENSGT00390000005342; -.
DR InParanoid; Q86NP2; -.
DR OrthoDB; 241476at2759; -.
DR PhylomeDB; Q86NP2; -.
DR Reactome; R-DME-112382; Formation of RNA Pol II elongation complex.
DR Reactome; R-DME-113418; Formation of the Early Elongation Complex.
DR Reactome; R-DME-674695; RNA Polymerase II Pre-transcription Events.
DR Reactome; R-DME-6796648; TP53 Regulates Transcription of DNA Repair Genes.
DR Reactome; R-DME-75955; RNA Polymerase II Transcription Elongation.
DR BioGRID-ORCS; 42520; 1 hit in 1 CRISPR screen.
DR ChiTaRS; Nelf-A; fly.
DR GenomeRNAi; 42520; -.
DR PRO; PR:Q86NP2; -.
DR Proteomes; UP000000803; Chromosome 3R.
DR Bgee; FBgn0038872; Expressed in second segment of antenna (Drosophila) and 24 other tissues.
DR ExpressionAtlas; Q86NP2; baseline and differential.
DR Genevisible; Q86NP2; DM.
DR GO; GO:0005694; C:chromosome; IEA:UniProtKB-SubCell.
DR GO; GO:0032021; C:NELF complex; IPI:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0005634; C:nucleus; IDA:FlyBase.
DR GO; GO:0017053; C:transcription repressor complex; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0003723; F:RNA binding; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0000122; P:negative regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II; ISS:UniProtKB.
DR GO; GO:0034244; P:negative regulation of transcription elongation from RNA polymerase II promoter; IDA:FlyBase.
DR InterPro; IPR037517; HDAG_dom.
DR PROSITE; PS51838; HDAG; 1.
PE 1: Evidence at protein level;
KW Chromosome; Developmental protein; Nucleus; Reference proteome; Repressor;
KW Transcription; Transcription regulation.
FT CHAIN 1..1251
FT /note="Negative elongation factor A"
FT /id="PRO_0000219128"
FT DOMAIN 89..254
FT /note="HDAg"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01183"
FT REGION 128..191
FT /note="NELF-C/D-binding"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01183"
FT REGION 185..256
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 192..254
FT /note="RNAPII-binding"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000255|PROSITE-ProRule:PRU01183"
FT REGION 269..333
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 343..362
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 387..430
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 484..509
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 578..607
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 852..872
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT REGION 1099..1154
FT /note="Disordered"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 226..244
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 269..288
FT /note="Basic and acidic residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 306..333
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 411..430
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT COMPBIAS 1099..1153
FT /note="Polar residues"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000256|SAM:MobiDB-lite"
FT CONFLICT 390
FT /note="V -> A (in Ref. 3; AAO42634)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 422..424
FT /note="Missing (in Ref. 3; AAO42634)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 467
FT /note="S -> I (in Ref. 3; AAO42634)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
FT CONFLICT 534
FT /note="A -> V (in Ref. 3; AAO42634)"
FT /evidence="ECO:0000305"
SQ SEQUENCE 1251 AA; 134949 MW; 6A959443D06622D4 CRC64;
MANVRDSDTS LWLHNKLGTS NDSWINGSIC SQLNKEVLRN IKECFPDLQT QVKLKLLLSF
LHIPRRLVEE WKAELEEVIE VAGLDSELWV SMLAETMKTF PATSSLNTEI SDYEDTRPIF
IDMVNDLRKL VTKHSDLGML PLECQYLNKN ALISVVGQQP APVKHFTLKR KPKSAQLRTE
LLHKSADAQS SLKKASAPTI PLRSRGMPRK MTDTTPLKGI PSRMPTTGFR SATVPGNAAQ
RPNLSRTPAG RKDGGIKLIE FTEQPLGYAA AKKRKREQQL EEQQKKQEQK QQQAAAAAAA
AATAAASNAG DSSPTDAATA SGGETPVTPT SANNSFEIKM EPQQLNQSAG SLEEPQDDEM
SGKANMECDI ETPEYATATL DFAQATSTSV ADGQPGKPAV ETKLKTPRTP KSAAKLNNNN
NNNNNNSFNH TPKRIKQEIE IKSEEIIVPA SIKLEKIETS PSTQRVSIQQ QPPSLVQRTP
HLLIRSSPQK RQNNGATTSA GTTTTTVGNT TIKMEKLDIK PMIRATGVSP STSAGTTTTL
LTPQQLRQAA NPLANLPNNI SVKITSAKAK AAAAAAATSS GSQTQSQQPQ TLQVQQAPQQ
SHPPLLINSS TPVILASSPS AQRAKALALP SSSTSATTTT TIPSQAIKTM PLSQLKTATN
SGPVIISQTI IQPAKRAQQQ AGTSSAAAAS QQQQQQQSQQ QLLHQQIQQQ TQQQAQLPQQ
PQQQQTQYIL ATPQQQPQQI QQQQQQQQPI LPTLTSFSHS RPMPQTTTLY QATTPSGSGQ
TPTKILLKTS GSSSVVMTPL RQAQPQQATA VVSSNPPPLV ATSAAVVSPG QTTLNIQNVQ
LPNRPVTIQP ASQAAQQQHM QAQLQQQQPH PQHTIVANTT ATQQPKLSQV LMQPTAAVGT
SGVSALNVSP TSGKNKTIIL TQKGVILRNI GGDMYQQIPI SNVGNMQGLG GTTLMTTTAG
PPSLVKTTPS SGVQLQQQQS GKQILPTLIP TSSLGGQHVI VQQQQPTNVI GNSQQQTIIR
PVMTNVGGGL TTLPQGLTLI QRPGQQPQLV QVQAAPGSTQ RTIITQSNTA AAASQQQPRQ
QQQQILVQHK PAPTLQQRLV TSTTSGGQGQ QGNPNAGLPR TVQVQVQAQQ QQQPQQQQAT
QQQSQQAPQR RGLSLSNEHV HKAHEMFRKA NRVSRPDKAL ILGFMAGLRE NPRPNNENVL
VIKLGETEEK VQQDNGHTAL CLVESHIRLD YNTGEWKTFQ NYRLQDQSAA S
